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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2017年第3期30卷 1231-1241页

作者： Da-som JIN Kwang-ho CHUN eun-sang lee School of Mechanical Engineering Inha University Incheon 22212 Republic of Kore Department of Mechanical Engineering Inha University Incheon 22212 Republic of Korea

Invar alloy consisting of 64% iron and 36% nickel has been widely used for the production of shadow masks for organic light emitting diodes（OLEDs） because of its low thermal expansion coefficient（1.86 × 10^-6cm/°C）.To fabricate micro-hole arrays on 30 lm invar alloy film,through-mask electrochemical micromachining（TMEMM） was developed and combined with a portion of the photolithography etching *** precise hole shapes,patterned photoresist（PR） film was applied as an insulating *** investigate the relationship between the current density and the material removal rate,the principle of the electrochemical machining was studied with a focus on the *** finite element method（FEM） was used to verify the influence of each parameter on the current density on the invar alloy film *** parameters considered were the thickness of the PR mask,inter-electrode gap（IEG）,and electrolyte *** of experiments（DOE） was used to figure out the contribution of each parameter.A simulation was conducted with varying parameters to figure out their relationships with the current *** was conducted to select the suitable *** experiment was carried out to verify the simulation *** was possible to fabricate micro-hole arrays on invar alloy film using TMEMM,which is a promising method that can be applied to fabrications of OLEDs shadow masks.

关键词： Electrochemical Invar alloy film Micromachining OLED shadow mask Photoresist film mask(PR film mask) Through-mask electrochemical micromachining(TMEMM)

Half-Covered 'Glitter-Cake' AM@SE Composite:A Novel Electrode Design for High Energy Density All-Solid-State Batteries

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nano-Micro Letters 2025年第05期 471-486页

作者： Min Ji Kim Jin-Sung Park Jin Woong lee Sung eun Wang Dowoong Yoon Jong Deok lee Jung Hyun Kim Taeseup Song Ju Li Yun Chan Kang Dae Soo Jung Energy and Environmental Division Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea University Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Materials Science and Engineering Ajou University Department of Energy Systems Research Ajou University Department of Energy Engineering Hanyang University Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology

All-solid-state batteries（ASSBs） are pursued due to their potential for better safety and high energy density. However, the energy density of the cathode for ASSBs does not seem to be satisfactory due to the low utilization of active materials（AMs） at high loading. With small amount of solid electrolyte（SE） powder in the cathode, poor electrochemical performance is often observed due to contact loss and non-homogeneous distribution of AMs and SEs, leading to high tortuosity and limitation of lithium and electron transport pathways. Here, we propose a novel cathode design that can achieve high volumetric energy density of 1258 Wh L-1at high AM content of 85 wt% by synergizing the merits of AM@SE core–shell composite particles with conformally coated thin SE shell prepared from mechanofusion process and small SE particles. The core–shell structure with an intimate and thin SE shell guarantees high ionic conduction pathway while unharming the electronic conduction. In addition, small SE particles play the role of a filler that reduces the packing porosity in the cathode composite electrode as well as between the cathode and the SE separator layer. The systematic demonstration of the optimization process may provide understanding and guidance on the design of electrodes for ASSBs with high electrode density, capacity, and ultimately energy density.

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Porous g-C_(3)N_(4)-encapsulated TiO_(2) hollow sphere as a high-performance Z-scheme hybrid for solar-induced photocatalytic abatement of environmentally toxic pharmaceuticals

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第23期82卷 21-32页

作者： Dong-eun lee Satyanarayana Moru Wan-Kuen Jo Surendar Tonda School of Architecture CivilEnvironmental and Energy EngineeringKyungpook National University80 Daehak-roBuk-guDaegu41566Republic of Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Iowa State UniversityCoover HallOsborn DriveAmesIowa 50011USA Department of Physical Sciences Kakatiya Institute of Technology and ScienceWarangal506015TelanganaIndia

Herein,we rationally constructed a hybrid heterostructure comprising porous g-C_(3)N_(4)(CN)-encapsulated anatase TiO_(2) hollow spheres(TOHS)via a synthesis method that involves hydrothermal and calcination *** fabricated hybrid,termed CN/TOHS,demonstrated extraordinary activity toward the degradation of environmentally toxic pharmaceutical substances(acetaminophen and ciprofloxacin)in aqueous solutions under simulated sunlight irradiation;the activity of CN/TOHS was superior to that attained for individual TOHS and CN *** particular,the CN/TOHS hybrid containing 13.3 wt.%of CN on TOHS displayed the optimum degradation activity among the tested catalysts used in this study,and it also possessed exceptional recyclability and stability during consecutive degradation *** remarkable photocatalytic activity and stability of the hybrid were predominantly ascribed to the large solid interfacial contact between constituents,TOHS and CN,induced by effective hybrid structure,which boosted the interfacial charge transfer and impeded with the direct recombination of photo-induced ***,the results of the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis corroborated the effective mineralization of model pharmaceutical pollutants in the presence of the CN/TOHS *** simple interfacial engineering strategy presented in this study offers a potential route for the rational design of novel catalysts for application in environmental remediation and solar energy conversion.

关键词： TiO_(2)hollow sphere g-C3N4 Hybrid heterostructure Z-scheme charge transfer Pollutant degradation

Submerged arc plasma system combined with ozone oxidation for the treatment of wastewater containing non-degradable organic compounds

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第5期15卷 155-163页

作者： Byungjin lee eun Seo Jo Dong-Wha Park Jinsub Choi Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Regional Innovation Center for Environmental Technology of Thermal Plasma(RIC-ETTP) INHA UniversityIncheon402-751Republic of Korea

Submerged arc plasma technology was assessed for the removal of phenols from *** OH radicals generated from the boundary between the plasma and waste solution were considered as a significant factor on the degradation *** this study,the effects of highly energetic electrons released from the submerged arc plasma were mainly *** highly energetic electrons directly broke the strong chemical bond and locally increased the reaction temperatures in *** effects of the submerged-arc plasma on the decomposition of phenol are discussed in terms of the input energy and initial *** single use of submerged arc plasma easily decomposed the phenol but did not increase the mineralization ***,the submerged arc plasma,coupled with the ozone injection,was *** submerged arc plasma combined with ozone injection had a synergic effect,which led to significant improvements in mineralization with only a small increase in input *** decomposition mechanism of phenol by the submerged arc plasma with the ozone was analyzed.

关键词： Thermal plasma Submerged arc plasma Wastewater Ozone Phenol Highly energetic electron

Conceptual Design for a Kerosene Fuel-rich Gas-generator of a Turbopump-fed Liquid Rocket Engine

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Journal of Thermal Science 2012年第5期21卷 428-434页

作者： Min Son Jaye Koo Won Kook Cho eun Seok lee Graduate Student Korea Aerospace UniversityGoyang Republic of Korea School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering Korea Aerospace UniversityGoyang Republic of Korea Korea Aerospace Research Institute Daejeon Republic of Korea

A design method for a kerosene fuel-rich gas-generator of a liquid rocket engine using turbopumps to supply propellant was performed at a conceptual level. The gas-generator creates hot gases, enabling the turbine to operate the turbopumps. A chemical non-equilibrium analysis and a droplet vaporization model were used for the estimation of the burnt gas properties and characteristic chamber length. A premixed counter-flow flame analysis was performed for the prediction of the burnt gas properties, namely the temperature, the specific heat ratio and heat capacity, and the chemical reaction time. To predict the vaporization time, the Spalding model, using a single droplet in convective condition, was used. The minimum residence time in the chamber and the characteristic length were calculated by adding the reaction time and the vaporization time. Using the characteristic length, the design methods for the fuel-rich gas-generator were established. Finally, a parametric study was achieved for the effects of the O/F ratio, mass flow rate, chamber pressure, initial droplet temperature, initial droplet diameter and initial droplet velocity.

关键词： Liquid rocket engine Conceptual design Fuel-rich gas-generator Sensitivity analysis

An Effective Threat Detection Framework for Advanced Persistent Cyberattacks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 4231-4253页

作者： So-eun Jeon Sun-Jin lee eun-Young lee Yeon-Ji lee Jung-Hwa Ryu Jung-Hyun Moon Sun-Min Yi Il-Gu lee Department of Future Convergence Technology Engineering Sungshin Women’s UniversitySeoul02844Korea Department of Convergence Security Engineering Sungshin Women’s UniversitySeoul02844Korea

Recently,with the normalization of non-face-to-face online environments in response to the COVID-19 pandemic,the possibility of cyberattacks through endpoints has *** endpoint devices are managed meticulously to prevent cyberattacks and ensure timely responses to potential security *** particular,because telecommuting,telemedicine,and teleeducation are implemented in uncontrolled environments,attackers typically target vulnerable endpoints to acquire administrator rights or steal authentication information,and reports of endpoint attacks have been increasing *** persistent threats(APTs)using various novel variant malicious codes are a form of a sophisticated ***,conventional commercial antivirus and anti-malware systems that use signature-based attack detectionmethods cannot satisfactorily respond to such *** this paper,we propose a method that expands the detection coverage inaPT attack *** this model,an open-source threat detector and log collector are used synergistically to improve threat detection *** the scope of attack log collection through interworking between highly accessible open-source tools can efficiently increase the detection coverage of tactics and techniques used to deal with APT attacks,as defined by MITRE Adversarial Tactics,Techniques,and Common Knowledge(ATT&CK).We implemented an attack environment using an APT attack scenario emulator called Carbanak and analyzed the detection coverage of Google Rapid Response(GRR),an open-source threat detection tool,and Graylog,an open-source log *** proposed method expanded the detection coverage against MITRE ATT&CK by approximately 11%compared with that conventional methods.

关键词： Advanced persistent threat cybersecurity endpoint security MITRE ATT&CK open-source threat detector threat log collector

A practical guide to pharmaceutical polymorph screening & selection

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2014年第4期9卷 163-175页

作者： eun Hee lee College of Pharmacy Korea University2511 Sejong-roSejong 339-700Republic of Korea

Prevalence and importance of polymorphism occurring in pharmaceutical compounds are well *** is of great importance to prepare and select the right form from the beginning during drug discovery and *** review introduces the basic concepts of“What is polymorphism?”,addresses a fundamental question of“Why do polymorphs form?”,and provides practical guidelines of“How to prepare polymorphs?”“How to evaluate the relative thermodynamic stability between polymorphs?”,and“How to analyze polymorphs?”.Moreover,case studies of pharmaceutically important polymorphs are provided.

关键词： Polymorphs Polymorph screening Polymorph selection Polymorph preparation

THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF POLY(2-HYDROXYETHYL METHACRYLATE)COPOLYMER HYDROGELS USED AS INTRAVAGInaL RINGS

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2009年第3期27卷 359-366页

作者： Young A Han eun Mi lee Byung Chul Ji Department of Textile System Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 702-701Korea Department of Advanced Organic Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 702-701Korea

Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)(PHEMA)and poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-sodium methacrylate) [P(HEMA-co-SMA)]hydrogels with different compositions were prepared to be used as intravaginal rings,and their gelation time,water content,mechanical properties and morphology were *** water content of PHEMA and P(HEMA-co-SMA) hydrogels decreased as the concentration of the monomer and the degree of crosslinking increased,while the water content significantly increased as the content of SMA,the hydrophilic monomer,*** increasing of the concentration of the crosslinking agent affected the tensile and flexural properties *** presence of a proper small amount of SMA also led the tensile and flexural modulus to move to a higher *** results showed that P(HEMA-co-SMA) hydrogel with high drug load and good mechanical properties at optimum preparation conditions can be prepared for intravaginal rings to deliver nonhormonal *** results may be applied to prepare better intravaginal drug delivery devices.

关键词： PHEMA and P(HEMA-co-SMA)hydrogels Tensile and flexural properties High drug load Intravaginal drug delivery devices.

Machine Learning-Based Efficient Discovery of Software Vulnerability for Internet of Things

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第8期37卷 2407-2419页

作者： So-eun Jeon Sun-Jin lee Il-Gu lee Department of Future Convergence Technology Engineering Sungshin Women’s UniversitySeoul02844Korea

With the development of the 5th generation of mobile communi-cation(5G)networks and artificial intelligence(AI)technologies,the use of the Internet of Things(IoT)has expanded throughout *** IoT networks have improved industrial productivity and convenience,they are highly dependent on nonstandard protocol stacks and open-source-based,poorly validated software,resulting in several security ***-ever,conventional AI-based software vulnerability discovery technologies cannot be applied to IoT because they require excessive memory and com-puting *** study developed a technique for optimizing training data size to detect software vulnerabilities rapidly while maintaining learning *** results using a software vulnerability classification dataset showed that different optimal data sizes did not affect the learning performance of the learning ***,the minimal data size required to train a model without performance degradation could be determined in *** example,the random forest model saved 85.18%of memory and improved latency by 97.82%while maintaining a learning accuracy similar to that achieved when using 100%of data,despite using only 1%.

关键词： Lightweight devices machine learning deep learning software vulnerability detection common weakness enumeration

Efficient page layout analysis on small devices

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2009年第6期10卷 800-804页

作者： eun-jung HAN Chee-onn WONG Kee-chul JUNG Kyung-ho lee eun-yi KIM Department of naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Inha University Human-Centered Interfaces Lab Department of Digital MediaSoongsil University Internet and Media Engineering Konkuk University

Previously we have designed and implemented new image browsing facilities to support effective offiine image contents on mobile devices with limited capabilities： low bandwidth, small display, and slow processing. In this letter, we fulfill the automatic production of cartoon contents fitting small-screen display, and introduce a clustering method useful for various types of cartoon images as a prerequisite stage for preserving semantic meaning. The usage of neural networks is to properly cut the various forms of pages. Texture information that is useful for grayscale image segmentation gives us a good clue for page layout analysis using the multilayer perceptron （MLP） based x-y recursive algorithm. We also automatically frame the segment MLP using agglomerative segmentation. Our experimental results show that the combined approaches yield good results of segmentation for several cartoons.

关键词： Efficient page layout analysis MLP-based segmentation Mobile devices Image segmentation Neural network