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Validity of fatty liver prediction scores for diagnosis of fatty liver by Fibroscan

Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第4期23卷 353-360页

作者： Seogsong Jeong Sun Jae Park seong kyun na Sang Min Park Byung-Cheol Song Yun Hwan Oh Department of Biomedical Sciences Seoul National University Graduate SchoolSeoul 03080Korea Department of Biomedical Informatics CHA University School of MedicineCHA UniversitySeongnam 13488Korea Department of Internal Medicine Inje University College of MedicineSeoul 50834Korea Department of Family Medicine Seoul National University HospitalSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoul 03080Korea Department of Internal Medicine Jeju National University HospitalJeju National University College of MedicineJeju 63241Korea Department of Family Medicine Jeju National University HospitalJeju National University College of MedicineJeju 63241Korea Department of Family Medicine Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong HospitalChung-Ang University College of MedicineGwangmyeong 14353Korea

Background:The Korea national Health and Nutrition Examination Survey nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(K-naFLD)score was recently developed with the intent to operationally define nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(naFLD).However,there remained an external validation that confirmed its diagnostic performance,especially in patients with alcohol consumption or hepatitis virus infection.Methods:Diagnostic accuracy of the K-naFLD score was evaluated in a hospital-based cohort consisting of 1388 participants who received Fibroscan®.Multivariate-adjusted logistic regression models and the contrast estimation of receiver operating characteristic curves were used for validation of the K-naFLD score,fatty liver index(FLI),and hepatic steatosis index(HSI).Results:K-naFLD-moderate[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=2.53,95%confidence interval(CI):1.13-5.65]and K-naFLD-high(aOR=4.14,95%CI:1.69-10.13)groups showed higher risks of fatty liver compared to the K-naFLD-low group after adjustments for demographic and clinical characteristics,and FLI-moderate and FLI-high groups revealed aORs of 2.05(95%CI:1.22-3.43)and 1.51(95%CI:0.78-2.90),respectively.In addition,the HSI was less predictive for Fibroscan®-defined fatty liver.Both K-naFLD and FLI also demonstrated high accuracy in the prediction of fatty liver in patients with alcohol consumption and chronic hepatitis virus infection,and the adjusted area under curve values were comparable between K-naFLD and FLI.Conclusions:Externally validation of the K-naFLD and FLI showed that these scores may be a useful,noninvasive,and non-imaging modality for the identification of fatty liver.In addition,these scores also predicted fatty liver in patients with alcohol consumption and chronic hepatitis virus infection.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Fatty liver index Hepatic steatosis index

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Machine-learned wearable sensors for real-time hand-motion recognition: toward practical applications

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national Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 231-263页

作者： kyung Rok Pyun Kangkyu Kwon Myung Jin Yoo kyun Kyu Kim Dohyeon Gong Woon-Hong Yeo Seungyong Han Seung Hwan Ko Department of Mechanical Engineering Seoul National University IEN Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Engineering Institute for Electronics and NanotechnologyGeorgia Institute of Technology School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University Department of Mechanical Engineering Ajou University George W.Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Institute of Advanced Machinery and Design(SNU-IAMD) Seoul National University

Soft electromechanical sensors have led to a new paradigm of electronic devices for novel motion-based wearable applications in our daily lives. However, the vast amount of random and unidentified signals generated by complex body motions has hindered the precise recognition and practical application of this technology. Recent advancements in artificial-intelligence technology have enabled significant strides in extracting features from massive and intricate data sets, thereby presenting a breakthrough in utilizing wearable sensors for practical applications. Beyond traditional machine-learning techniques for classifying simple gestures, advanced machine-learning algorithms have been developed to handle more complex and nuanced motion-based tasks with restricted training data sets. Machine-learning techniques have improved the ability to perceive, and thus machine-learned wearable soft sensors have enabled accurate and rapid human-gesture recognition, providing real-time feedback to users. This forms a crucial component of future wearable electronics, contributing to a robust human–machine interface. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary covering materials, structures and machine-learning algorithms for hand-gesture recognition and possible practical applications through machine-learned wearable electromechanical sensors.

关键词： wearable sensor soft electronics artificial intelligence machine learning human–machine interfaces gesture recognition

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On von Neumann Regularity of Commutators

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Algebra Colloquium 2024年第2期31卷 181-198页

作者： nam kyun Kim Tai Keun Kwak Yang Lee Sung Ju Ryu nanqing Ding School of Basic Sciences Hanbat National UniversityDaejeon 34158Korea Department of Data Science Daejin UniversityPocheon 11159Korea Department of Mathematics Yanbian UniversityYanjiJilin 133002China Institute for Applied Mathematics and Optics Hanbat National University Daejeon 34158Korea Department of Mathematics Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Korea 不详

We study the structure of rings which satisfy the von Neumann regularity of commutators,and call a ring R C-regularif ab-ba ∈(ab-ba)R(ab-ba)for all a,b in R.For a C-regular ring R,we prove J(R[X])=N^(*)(R[X])=N^(*)(R)[X]=W(R)[X]■Z(R[X]),where J(A),N^(*)(A),W(A),Z(A)are the Jacobson radical,upper nilradical,Wedderburn radical,and center of a given ring A,respectively,and A[X]denotes the polynomial ring with a set X of commuting indeterminates over A;we also prove that R is semiprime if and only if the right(left)singular ideal of R is zero.We provide methods to construct C-regular rings which are neither commutative nor von Neumann regular,from any given ring.Moreover,for a C-regular ring R,the following are proved to be equivalent:(i)R is Abelian;(ii)every prime factor ring of R is a duo domain;(ii)R is quasi-duo;and(iv)R/W(R)is reduced.

关键词： C-regular ring commutator regular ring commutative ring radical singular ideal

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The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein induces lung cancer migration and invasion in a TLR2-dependent manner

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Cancer Communications 2024年第2期44卷 273-277页

作者： Mi-Jeong Kim Ji Young Kim Ji Hye Shin Juhee Son Yeeun Kang Soo-kyung Jeong Duk-Hwan Kim kyun-Hwan Kim Eunyoung Chun Ki-Young Lee Department of Immunology Samsung Biomedical Research InstituteSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSuwonRepublic of Korea Research and Development Center CHA Vaccine InstituteSeongnam-siRepublic of Korea Department of Molecular Cell Biology Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSuwonRepublic of Korea Department of Precision Medicine Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSuwonRepublic of Korea Department of Health Sciences and Technology Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences&TechnologySamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

Dear editor,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus2(SARS-CoV-2)infection can lead to severe outcomes in patients with cancer[1].It has been reported that patients with lung cancers disproportionately manifest severe COVID-19 with a high rate of hospitalization and death[2].Notably,the SARS-CoV-2 Spike(S)protein can induce hyper-inflammation in both epithelial cells and macrophages through toll-like receptor(TLR)1/TLR2 or TLR2/6-dependent nuclear factor-kappaB(NF-κB)path-way[3].However,molecular and cellular evidence on whether the SARS-CoV-2 virus affects the severity of lung cancer patients through TLR1/2 or TLR2/6 signaling remains unclear.

关键词： lung TLR2 invasion

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Complicated calcified alloplastic implants in the nasal dorsum:A clinical analysis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第18期12卷 3351-3359页

作者： Yong-Seon Hwang Taek-kyun Kim Dong-Jun Yang Si-Hyong Jang Da-Woon Lee Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery College of MedicineSoonchunhyang UniversityCheonan-Si 31151South Korea Department of Plastic Surgery The PLUS Plastic Surgery ClinicSeoul 06035South Korea Department of Plastic Surgery CDU Plastic Surgery ClinicSeoul 06067South Korea Department of Pathology College of MedicineSoonchunhyang UniversityCheonan 31151Chungcheongnam-doSouth Korea

BACKGROUND In rhinoplasty,calcification around silicone implants is frequently observed in the tip dorsum(TD)area.Additionally,based on a review of various literature,it is presumed that calcification in silicone implants occurs due to both inflammatory chemical reactions and physical friction against the tissue.The calcification of nasal silicone implants not only results in the functional loss of the implants,but also leads to material deformation.However,there is a lack of research on calcification of nasal silicone implants in the current literature.AIM To elucidate various clinical characteristics of calcification around nasal silicone implants,using histological and radiological analysis.METHODS This study analyzed data from 16 patients of calcified nasal implants,who underwent revision rhinoplasty for various reasons after undergoing augmentation rhinoplasty with silicone implants.The collected data included information on implant duration,implant types,location of calcification,presence of inflammatory reactions,and computed tomography(CT)scans.RESULTS The most common location of calcification,as visually analyzed,was in the TD area,accounting for 56%.Additionally,the analysis of CT scans revealed a trend of increasing Hounsfield Unit values for calcification with the duration of implantation,although this trend was not statistically significant(P=0.139).CONCLUSION Our study shows that reducing the frequency of calcification may be achievable by using softer silicone implants and by minimizing the damage to perioperative tissues.

关键词： Silicone implants Rhinoplasty Calcification Complication Hounsfield unit

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Stabilized sub-grain and nano carbides-driven 1.2 GPa grade ultra-strong CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy additively manufactured by laser powder bed fusion

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第22期117卷 8-22页

作者： Young-kyun Kim Kee-Ahn Lee Department of Materials Science and Engineering Inha UniversityIncheon 22212Republic of Korea Korea Institute of Materials Science(KIMS) Changwon 51508Republic of Korea

High-entropy alloys(HEAs)with interstitial atoms that are produced by additive manufacturing have gained intensive interest in the materials science community because of their suitability for constructing high-strength net-shape components.Here,a strategy to additionally enhance the strength of selective laser melted carbon-containing HEAs was investigated.The as-built carbon-containing HEAs(C_(x)(Cr_(20)Mn_(20)Fe_(20)Co_(20)Ni_(20))_(100-x)(x=0.5 at.%,1.0 at.%,and 1.5 at.%))contain supersaturated carbon,and the extent of supersaturation increases as the carbon content increases.When subjected to aging treatment at 650°C for 1 h,the microstructure of the three alloys did not change at the grain scale.However,the microstructure at the sub-grain scale changed markedly,and these changes influenced the tensile properties and deformation mechanism.In particular,the tensile strength of aged 1.5C-HEA at 650°C was∼1.2 GPa at room temperature,which is higher than those reported for CrMnFeCoNi HEAs.Furthermore,the main deformation mechanism changed from deformation twinning to dislocation-mediated slip,resulting in much higher strain hardening capacity after the aging treatment.This work led to the development of an alternative promising method that involves tailoring the microstructure,to enhance the mechanical properties of additively manufactured metallic materials that contain interstitial atoms.

关键词： Selective laser melting High-entropy alloy Carbon contents Aging Microstructure evolution Tensile property Deformation mechanism

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Effect of carrier gas species on the microstructure and compressive deformation behaviors of ultra-strong pure copper manufactured by cold spray additive manufacturing

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第2期97卷 264-271页

作者： Young-kyun Kim Kee-Ahn Lee Department of Materials Science and Engineering Inha UniversityIncheon 22212Republic of Korea

Cold spray(CS)which has recently become a promising additive manufacturing(AM)technology,was used to fabricate ultra-strong pure copper.In addition,the effects of carrier gas species on the microstructural characteristics,mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms were systemically explored.The CSAM copper manufactured with N_(2) carrier gas reveals a heterogeneous bimodal microstructure consisting of ultra-fine grains at the particle interface and relatively coarse grains in inner particles.With He carrier gas,a homogeneous grain structure consisting of ultra-fine grains in most areas was obtained.Compressive tests showed that N_(2) and He carrier gasses enabled ultra-high yield strengths of 340 and415 MPa,respectively.These values are comparable to severely plastic deformed copper,which has extremely low ductility and shape fidelity.On the other hand,both samples showed a strain-softening phenomenon that does not commonly occur at room temperature.The deformation microstructures revealed that dynamic recovery(DRV)and dynamic recrystallization(DRX)phenomena were generated despite being deformed at room temperature.Based on the above findings,the overall deformation mechanisms according to the carrier gas species in the CSAM copper manufacturing process were discussed.Furthermore,the work hardening and softening behaviors of CSAM Cu are predicted by using a constitutive equation.

关键词： Cold spray additive manufacturing Carrier gas Pure Cu Mechanical properties Deformation behavior

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关于动画帧结构装置的相关研究——以罗伯特·布里尔的作品为例

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当代动画 2024年第2期 116-123页

作者： [韩]金鸿钧石璨韩国韩瑞大学艺术学院中南财经政法大学中韩新媒体学院

动画的媒体特征与实拍电影不同,其中之一便是帧生成方式的差异。不同于实拍电影通过连续拍摄生成纪录图像,动画作品是以分帧拍摄方式手动生成图像。相较于动画作品,强调图像联想和非连续性的实验动画中的帧,是一种独立的空间,形成自我... 详细信息

动画的媒体特征与实拍电影不同,其中之一便是帧生成方式的差异。不同于实拍电影通过连续拍摄生成纪录图像,动画作品是以分帧拍摄方式手动生成图像。相较于动画作品,强调图像联想和非连续性的实验动画中的帧,是一种独立的空间,形成自我指向性联想体系,强调视觉吸引的自律特性。罗伯特·布里尔的作品《富士》是体现动画帧结构特性的作品,由写实影像、转描技术以及抽象形态和多种彩色技法构成,让观众感受不同电影的形式特点。在这部作品中,观众可以体验到包括帧的独立性及连续性、空间和时间、现实和再现、二维和三维、连续和断裂等在内的无数双重结构,其装置特性主要在于突出单帧独立空间的自律特性。

关键词：帧实验动画自律性联想

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Game Outlier Behavior Detection System Based on Dynamic Time Warp Algorithm

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第4期130卷 219-237页

作者： Shinjin Kang Soo kyun Kim School of Games Hongik UniversitySejong30016Korea Department of Computer Engineering Jeju National UniversityJeju63243Korea

This paper proposes a methodology for using multi-modal data in gameplay to detect outlier behavior.The proposedmethodology collects,synchronizes,and quantifies time-series data fromwebcams,mouses,and keyboards.Facial expressions are varied on a one-dimensional pleasure axis,and changes in expression in the mouth and eye areas are detected separately.Furthermore,the keyboard and mouse input frequencies are tracked to determine the interaction intensity of users.Then,we apply a dynamic time warp algorithm to detect outlier behavior.The detected outlier behavior graph patterns were the play patterns that the game designer did not intend or play patterns that differed greatly from those of other users.These outlier patterns can provide game designers with feedback on the actual play experiences of users of the game.Our results can be applied to the game industry as game user experience analysis,enabling a quantitative evaluation of the excitement of a game.

关键词： Facial expression recognition webcam behavior analysis affective computing

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Winter distribution of diatom assemblages along the coastline of R.O.Korea in 2010

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2022年第6期41卷 68-77页

作者： Joon Sang Park kyun-Woo Lee Seung Won Jung Taek-kyun Lee Hyoung Min Joo Library of Marine Samples Korea Institute of Ocean Science&TechnologyGeoje 53201R.O.Korea Marine Biotechnology Research Center Korea Institute of Ocean Science&TechnologyBusan 49111R.O.Korea Risk Assessment Research Center Korea Institute of Ocean Science&TechnologyGeoje 53201R.O.Korea Unit of Next Generation IBRV Building Program Korea Polar Research InstituteIncheon 21990R.O.Korea

Diatoms are a globally successful and eukaryotic photosynthetic organism with an ornamented silica external wall.The relationship between their valve morphology and habitat means that diatoms can be used as bioindicators to characterize the aquatic environment.To estimate the differential distribution and diversity of diatom assemblages along the coastal line,we collected phytoplankton samples from 114 coastal sites of waters of R.O.Korea.We applied the unweighted pair-group technique using the arithmetic averages clustering method to cluster the sampling sites,apart from those where the biota consisted of other groups,such as dinoflagellates,into four regions:the Yellow Sea,South Sea,southern East Sea,and northern East Sea.Indicator species analysis in each region led to the selection of tychoplanktonic,chain-forming,attached species to substrates and psychrophilic indicator diatoms,respectively,each of which represented a planktonic lifestyle associated with one of the four regions.This study shows the diatom assemblages to serve as bioindicators of Korean coastal water in winter,and the subsequent seasonal survey will provide a starting point for the improved understanding of Korean diatom-based ecoregions,in both time and space.

关键词： diatom assemblage indicator species life-form Korean coastal waters species diversity

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