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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第6期12卷 1355-1372页

作者： Matebie METEN Netra Prakash bhandary Ryuichi YATABE Geo-Disaster Research Laboratory Graduate School of Science and Engineering Ehime University

Ethiopia has a mountainous landscape which can be divided into the Northwestern and Southeastern plateaus by the Main Ethiopian Rift and Afar Depression. Debre Sina area is located in Central Ethiopia along the escarpment where landslide problem is frequent due to steep slope, complex geology, rift tectonics, heavy rainfall and seismicity. In order to tackle this problem, preparing a landslide susceptibility map is very important. For this, GISbased frequency ratio(FR) and logistic regression(LR) models have been applied using landslide inventory and the nine landslide factors(i.e. lithology, land use, distance from river & fault, slope, aspect, elevation, curvature and annual rainfall). Database construction, weighting each factor classes or factors, preparing susceptibility map and validation were the major steps to be undertaken. Both models require a rasterized landslide inventory and landslide factor maps. The former was classified into training and validation landslides. Using FR model, weights for each factor classes were calculated and assigned so that all the weighted factor maps can be added to produce a landslide susceptibility map. In the case of LR model, the entire study area is firstly divided into landslide and non-landslide areas using the training landslides. Then, these areas are changed into landslide and non-landslide points so as to extract the FR maps of the nine landslide factors. Then a linear relationship is established between training landslides and landslide factors in SPSS. Based on this relationship, the final landslide susceptibility map is prepared using LR equation. The success-rate and prediction-rate of FR model were 74.8% and 73.5%, while in case of LR model these were 75.7% and 74.5% respectively. A close similarity in the prediction and validation rates showed that the model is acceptable. Accuracy of LR model is slightly better in predicting the landslide susceptibility of the area compared to FR model.

关键词： Landslide susceptibility GIS Frequency Ratio Logistic Regression Debre Sina Ethiopia

The Impact of Retrofitting Work on Awareness Raising and Knowledge Transfer in Aceh Province,Indonesia

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2013年第4期4卷 182-189页

作者： Hari Darshan Shrestha Jishnu Subedi Ryuichi Yatabe Netra Prakash bhandary Department of Civil Engineering Institute of EngineeringTribhuvan UniversityPulchowkKathmanduNepal Graduate School of Science and Engineering Ehime UniversityMatsuyamaEhime 790-8577Japan

Some of the buildings in Aceh Province,Indonesia constructed after the 2004 earthquake and tsunami disaster were found *** vulnerable buildings were retrofitted to make them safer and child *** the Children,one of the implementing agencies,assumed that the process of retrofitting would attract interest from the communities,raise their earthquake awareness,stimulate earthquake safe construction practices,and contribute to earthquake disaster risk *** was also assumed that the retrofitting process would benefit the communities through knowledge transfer of safer construction *** assess the impact on awareness and knowledge transfer of the retrofitting work carried out by Save the Children from 2005 to 2008,a survey was carried out in 2009.A total of 104 people who were directly involved in the retrofitting/rehabilitation process were *** survey covered four districts in Aceh Province,Indonesia where schools,health facilities,and houses were *** survey results show that the respondents felt that the impact of retrofitting work on transferring knowledge in the communities was not ***,the respondents felt that the retrofitting work had a definite impact on raising awareness of disaster risks and measures for disaster risk reduction.

关键词： disaster fitted Impact

GIS-based landslide susceptibility zonation for roadside slope repair and maintenance in the Himalayan region

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Episodes 2008年第4期31卷 384-391页

作者： Bhoj Raj Pantha Ryuichi Yatabe Netra Prakash bhandary Graduate School of Science and Engineering Ehime University Bunkyo-cho 790-8577 Matusyama City Ehime Japan Faculty of Engineering Ehime University Matsuyama Japan

Roadside slope failure is a common problem in the Himalayan region as road construction activities disturb natural slopes. Therefore, landslide susceptibility zonation is necessary for roadside slope disaster management and planning development activities. In this study, we consider a 53-kin section of a major highway in Nepal where road services are suspended for several days in the monsoon season every year. A number of methods have been used for landslide susceptibility zonation. We employed a bivariate statistical approach for this study. Relevant thematic layer maps represent- ing various factors （e.g., slope, aspect, land use, lithology, drainage density, proximity to stream and proximity to road） that are related to landslide activity, have been prepared using Geographic Information System （GIS） techniques. A total of 277 landslides （covering a total of 29.90 km2） of various dimensions have been identified in the area. A landslide susceptibility map was prepared by overlaying a landslide inventory map with various parameter maps segmented into various relevant classes. The landslide susceptibility index was seg- mented into five zones, viz. very low, low, moderate, high and very high susceptibility. Landslide susceptibility zonation maps are useful tools for the efficient planning and management of roadside slope repair and maintenance tasks in the Himalayan region.

关键词：喜马拉雅山滑坡边坡 GIS 地理信息系统

Evaluation of environmental geochemical signatures due to RO rejects on arid agricultural farms and tangible solutions

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第6期15卷 494-515页

作者： Harish bhandary Chidambaram Sabarathinam Adnan Akber Tariq Rashid Dhanu Radha Samayamanthula Yogeesha Jayaramu Bedour Alsabti Water Research Centre Kuwait Institute for Scientific ResearchP.O.Box:24885Safat 13109Kuwait

The impact of reverse osmosis(RO)rejects in the groundwater presents a significant challenge in arid *** study collected groundwater samples,product water,and reverse osmosis brine(ROB)from evaporation ponds and analyzed them for major ions and trace *** boreholes were drilled near the ROB site along the flow direction,and borehole sediment samples were *** samples were predominantly gravelly sand,and the depth to water level fluctuated around 30 m below ground level(bgl),with minerals mainly consisting of calcite,gypsum,and *** loggers reflected a rise in water level(16 mS/cm)during the cropping period in many locations,confirming the impact of ROB in *** results were further supported by enriched signatures ofδ^(18)O(∼+1.5‰)andδ^(2)H(∼+15‰).The saturation index of the minerals reflected that carbonate minerals(Calcite>Dolomite)were saturated in the ROB relative to the *** vertical variation of mineral assemblages in the boreholes indicated gypsum precipitation in the capillary zone along with calcite and *** assemblage varies as the groundwater moves from the disposal *** speciation of different compounds along the groundwater path indicated higher carbonate and sulfate species(CaCO_(3)>CaHCO_(3)>CaSO_(4)>NaSO_(4)>MgSO_(4))near the disposal site,with variations along the flow *** the significant variation in temperature in the region(5 to 50℃),the water sample composition was modeled using PHREEQC,suggesting that the increase in temperature led to supersaturation of epsomite and gypsum *** ROB was theoretically mixed with groundwater and product water in different proportions,and an optimum composition(10:90)for safe disposal was derived and tested fit for reuse in agriculture.

关键词： Brine disposal Groundwater Geochemistry Monitoring Modeling Recommendation

A study of local amplification effect of soil layers on ground motion in the Kathmandu Valley using microtremor analysis

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2012年第2期11卷 257-268页

作者： Paudyal Y.R. Yatabe R. bhandary N.P. Dahal R.K. Geo-disaster Research Laboratory Graduate School of Science and EngineeringEhime UniversityEhimeMatsuyamaJapan

Past researchers have anticipated the occurrence of a great earthquake in the central Himalayas in the near *** may cause serious damage in the Kathmandu Valley,which sits on an ancient lake bed zone,with lacustrine sediments of more than 500 m *** this study,the predominant frequency of ground motion is evaluated using the Horizontal-to-Vertical (H/V) spectral ratio technique and recordings of ambient *** results of the H/V ratio show two peaks in about 20 percent of the locations,which are distributed mainly in and around the center and northern part of the Kathmandu *** predominant frequencies vary from 0.5 Hz to 8.9 Hz in the study area,whereas the second resonance fiequency varies from 4 Hz to 6 Hz in the center and northern part of the *** indicates that the center and northern part of the valley have a wide range of resonance frequency due to two levels of impedance contrast- one may be from the surface layer and the other may be from the layer *** two levels of resonance indicate the importance of considering the effects of surface and lower layers during the planning and designing of infrastructures in the Kathmandu Valley.

关键词： microtremor predominant frequency resonance Kathmandu Valley

Use of groundwater flow model in the analysis of a creeping landslide in western Japan

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Episodes 2006年第1期29卷 20-25页

作者： H.K. Shrestha R. Yatabe N.P. bhandary Graduate School of Science and Engineering Ehime University Japan. Faculty of Engineering Ehime University Japan.

To predict the movement of an existing creeping landslide, monitoring and analysis of hydrological parameters are crucial This paper analyses the hydrological parameters of an existing creeping landslide site in western Japan. The groundwater flow and resulting fluctuation in pore water pressure at the slip layer of a sliding block was simulated using a groundwater flow model. A quasithree-dimensional factor of safety of the block was obtained by combining the groundwater model with slope stability analysis methods. The results show that for prediction purposes at a creeping landslide site the time series analysis using longterm data is of limited use, because the fluctuations of ground surface movement and hydrological parameters are not completely synchronized when the factor of safety of the slope soil is in the creep movement range. The ground surface movement rate dropped after each episode of relatively big movement, even when the hydrological parameters were constant. The factor of safety of the sliding block was more influenced by groundwater recharge from the hills than by rainfall. Pore water pressure fluctuation obtained from groundwater flow model resulting from specific rainfall events indicated better relations between fluctuations in pore water pressure and ground surface movement.

关键词：日本滑坡地下水流动模型动力地质

Caregivers'awareness regarding the care of dementia and the coping strategies among the caregivers of people with dementia:a cross-sectional study in Udupi District,Karnataka

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Frontiers of Nursing 2024年第4期11卷 447-456页

作者： Clarita Shynal Martis Ramesh Chandrababu Vani Lakshmi R Rajeshkrishna Panambur bhandary Debbie Tolson Panambur Venkataraya bhandary Elsa Sanatombi Devi Department of Medical Surgical Nursing Manipal College of NursingManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka 576104India Department of Medical Surgical Nursing Sri Ramachandra Faculty of NursingSri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and ResearchPorurChennai 600116India Department of Health Technology and Informatics Prasanna School of Public HealthManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka 576104India Department of Psychiatry Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka 576104India Alzheimer Scotland Centre for Policy and Practice School of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of West of ScotlandScotlandUnited Kingdom Department of Psychiatry Dr A V Baliga Memorial HospitalDoddannaguddeUdupiKarnatakaIndia

Objectives:To assess the awareness and coping skills of the informal and formal caregivers of people living with dementia(PLWD).Dementia is a condition,which leads to memory loss and gradual deterioration of cognitive abilities in the affected *** lack of awareness regarding the care of people with dementia and the caregivers'poor coping strategies can negatively impact caregivers'***:A cross-sectional survey was conducted among the 80 caregivers of PLWD from the psychiatric units of the selected hospitals of Udupi district,Karnataka,*** baseline data were collected by a self-reported sociodemographic ***“Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale”was used to gauge participants'awareness of the care of people with dementia,while the“Brief COPE inventory,”a 28-item questionnaire,was used to gauge carers'coping *** and inferential statistics were used for the data analysis using Jamovi(2.3.24),a graphical user interface for R programming,and Microsoft ***:Most of the caregivers(n=68,85%)had lesser awareness regarding the care of people with *** mean coping strategies score was 60.9±*** was a positive correlation between the awareness and the coping strategies scores among the caregivers(r=0.659,P<0.05).Conclusions:The caregivers of people with dementia often lack awareness about dementia and hence experience poor coping due to their high workload and *** frontline healthcare professionals and nurses need to provide appropriate interventions to the caregivers to improve their awareness about dementia and its care.

关键词： awareness caregiver coping coping strategies dementia care dementia knowledge

Outcomes of Medicare beneficiaries hospitalised with transient ischaemic attack and stratification using the ABCD^(2) score

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第2期6卷 314-318页

作者： Shreyansh Shah Li Liang Durgesh bhandary Saga Johansson Eric E Smith Deepak L Bhatt Gregg C Fonarow Naeem D Khan Eric Peterson Janet Prvu Bettger Department of Neurology Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Duke Clinical Research Institute DurhamNorth CarolinaUSA AstraZeneca UK Ltd CambridgeUK Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada Division of Cardiology Brigham and Women's HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA Division of Cardiology Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA

Background Long-term outcomes for Medicare beneficiaries hospitalised with transient ischaemic attack(TIA)and role of ABCD^(2) score in identifying high-risk individuals are not *** We identified 40825 Medicare beneficiaries hospitalised from 2011 to 2014 for a TIA to a Get With The Guidelines(GWTG)-Stroke hospital and classified them using ABCD^(2)s of mortality and rehospitalisation(all-cause,ischaemic stroke,haemorrhagic stroke,myocardial infarction,and gastrointestinal and intracranial haemorrhage)for high-risk versus low-risk groups adjusted for patient and hospital *** Of the 40825 patients,35118(86%)were high risk(ABCD^(2)≥4)and 5707(14%)were low risk(ABCD^(2)=0-3).Overall rate of mortality during 1-year follow-up after hospital discharge for the index TIA was 11.7%,44.3% were rehospitalised for any reason and 3.6%were readmitted due to *** with ABCD^(2) score≥4 had higher mortality at 1 year than not(adjusted HR 1.18,95%CI 1.07 to 1.30).Adjusted risks for ischaemic stroke,all-cause readmission and mortality/all-cause readmission at 1 year were also significantly higher for patients with ABCD^(2) score≥4 vs *** contrast,haemorrhagic stroke,myocardial infarction,gastrointestinal bleeding and intracranial haemorrhage risk were not significantly different by ABCD^(2) *** This study validates the use of ABCD^(2) score for long-term risk assessment after TIA in patients aged 65 years and *** efforts for community-based follow-up care after TIA are needed for ongoing prevention in Medicare beneficiaries who were hospitalised for TIA.

关键词： admitted score prevention

High-Order FEM Formulation for 3-D Slope Instability

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Applied Mathematics 2013年第5期4卷 8-17页

作者： Tiwari Ram Chandra bhandary Netra Prakash Yatabe Ryuichi Geo-Disaster Laboratory Graduate School of Science and Engineering Ehime University Matsuyama Japan Graduate School of Science and Engineering Ehime University Matsuyama Japan

High-order finite element method (FEM) formulation also referred to as spectral element method (SEM) formulation is currently implemented in this paper for 3-dimensional (3-D) elasto-plastic problems in stability assessment of large- scale slopes (vegetated and barren slopes) in different instability conditions such as seismic and saturation. We have reviewed the SEM formulation, and have sought its applicability for vegetated slopes. Utilizing p (high-order polynomial degree or spectral degrees) and h (mesh operation for quality meshing in required elemental budgets) refining techniques in the existing FEM, the complexity of problem domain can be well addressed in greater numerical stability. Unlike the existing FEM formulation, this high-order FEM employs the same integration and interpolation points to achieve a progressive response of the instability, which drastically reduces the computational costs (formation of diagonalized mass matrix) and offers significant benefits to slope instability computations for serial and parallel implementations. With this formulation, we have achieved the following three qualities in slope instability modeling: 1) geometric flexibility of the finite elements, 2) high computational efficiency, and 3) reliable spectral accuracy. A sample problem has also been presented in this paper, which has accommodated all aforesaid numerical qualities.

关键词： Finite Element Method Spectral Element Method Slope Instability Vegetated and Barren Slopes Parallel Algorithm