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SATELLITE MONITORING OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURES OFF CHINA

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 1988年第3期6卷 243-250页

作者： Richard Legeckis and Joan Campbell (Ocean Sciences Group, noaa/NESDIS, Washington, D. C. 20233, U.S.A.) Ocean Sciences Group NOAA/NESDIS Washington D. C. U.S.A.

Satellite measurements of global sea surface temperatures (SST) have been made since 1962 using the multi-channel radiometers (AVHRR) on noaa polar orbiting satellites. A four year data set was accumulated at daily intervals and a spatial resolution of about 100 kilometers on an interactive computer system, i he time lapse evaluation of the data revealed variations of the SST which were related to coastal and equatorial upwelling events as well as to the pronounced equatorial wanning associated with the 1962-1983 El Nino. In the present study, satellite time series are used to describe the annual variability of the SST at selected locations along the coast of China, the Yellow Sea, the Sea of Japan and the Equatorial Indian and Pacific Oceans. Further study of the SST off China using higher resolution satellite data are also described.

关键词： SST SATELLITE MONITORING OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURES OFF CHINA SEA

Contribution of cloud condensate to surface rainfall process

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第9期16卷 967-973页

作者： ZHOU Yushu , GUI Xiaopeng and LI Xiaofan ( Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation and noaa/NESDIS/Office of Research and Applications Camp Springs, Maryland, USA) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation NOAA NESDIS Office of Research and Applications Camp Springs MD United States

Contribution of cloud condensate to surface rainfall processes is investigated in a life span of tropical convection based on hourly data from a two-dimensional cloud resolving simulation. The model is forced by the large-scale vertical velocity, zonal wind and horizontal advections obtained from tropical ocean global atmosphere coupled ocean-atmosphere response experiment (TOGA COARE). The results show that during the genesis, development, and decay of tropical convection, calculations with water vapor overestimate surface rain rate, and cloud condensate plays an important role in correcting overestimation in surface rain rates. The analysis is carried out in deep convective clouds and anvil clouds during the development of tropical convection. The surface rain rates calculated with water vapor in deep convective clouds and anvil clouds have similar magnitudes, the large surface rain rate appears in deep convective clouds due to the consumption of water hydrometeors whereas the small surface rain rate occurs in anvil clouds because of the gain of ice hydrometeors. Further analysis of the grid data shows that the surface rain rates calculated with water vapor and with cloud condensate are negatively correlated with the correlation coefficient of - 0.85, and the surface rain rate calculated with cloud condensate is mainly contributed to the water hydrometeors in the tropical deep convective regime.

关键词： cloud condensate surface rain rate cloud resolving simulation.

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谁说海狗不可爱

小哥白尼（野生动物） 2016年第3期 40-43页

作者：尹飒 noaa

南极洲,希里夫海角。一群企鹅聚在一起嘀嘀咕咕。"嘿,你们有没有发现?最近大块头们和海狗走得很近。"企鹅A神秘兮兮。"何止最近,整个夏天,大块头们都跟在海狗的屁股后面转。"企鹅B忿忿不平。"你们说的大块头是人类科学家吗?他们不是最... 详细信息

南极洲,希里夫海角。一群企鹅聚在一起嘀嘀咕咕。"嘿,你们有没有发现?最近大块头们和海狗走得很近。"企鹅A神秘兮兮。"何止最近,整个夏天,大块头们都跟在海狗的屁股后面转。"企鹅B忿忿不平。"你们说的大块头是人类科学家吗?他们不是最喜欢我们吗?"企鹅C一脸茫然。"是呀,不知道海狗有什么好的。

关键词：一脸茫然神秘兮兮里夫高难度动作大杉水陆两栖鳍脚类自我保护能力繁殖季节甲壳类

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“毒针”闯进大西洋

小哥白尼（野生动物） 2009年第1期 42-43页

作者：根号 noaa

时间：公元1992年飓风来啦!呼——呼——，狂风像条恶龙一样扫过美国佛罗里达州的上空，所到之处尽是凄惨景象。巨大的风力将无数房屋破坏得不成样子，这其中也包括一家私营水族馆，其中有6条狮子鱼神不知鬼不觉，趁乱偷偷溜进了迈阿密... 详细信息

时间：公元1992年飓风来啦!呼——呼——，狂风像条恶龙一样扫过美国佛罗里达州的上空，所到之处尽是凄惨景象。巨大的风力将无数房屋破坏得不成样子，这其中也包括一家私营水族馆，其中有6条狮子鱼神不知鬼不觉，趁乱偷偷溜进了迈阿密的比斯坎湾，为十几年后的一场劫难埋下了祸根……

关键词：大西洋美国佛罗里达州房屋破坏水族馆狮子鱼迈阿密

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“阿尔文”深海奇遇记

小哥白尼（趣味科学） 2007年第12期 34-37页

作者：王帆 noaa

它既是先锋也是元老,作为世界上第一艘深海载人潜水器,它已经工作了40多年,是当之无愧的老前辈。它既是幽灵也是劳模,绝大部分时间都在海底默默穿梭,无数的大洋深处留下了它的踪影,是目前潜水次数最多的深海潜艇。

关键词：阿尔文载人潜水器奇遇记坦尼克铜资源机械手臂美国空军继任者救援队空中加油

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帕帕哈瑙莫夸基亚:美国最大的海洋保护区

人与自然 2017年第9期 86-95页

作者：金文驰 noaa

在夏威夷8座主要岛屿西部,9座低矮的小岛自东南向西北逶迤而去,跨度达1931千米。它是全球最长、最古老、地理位置最孤立的火山岛链的主体;它有着全球分布最北的环礁;1400多万只海鸟让它成为全球最大的热带海鸟栖息地;在生活于此的7000... 详细信息

在夏威夷8座主要岛屿西部,9座低矮的小岛自东南向西北逶迤而去,跨度达1931千米。它是全球最长、最古老、地理位置最孤立的火山岛链的主体;它有着全球分布最北的环礁;1400多万只海鸟让它成为全球最大的热带海鸟栖息地;在生活于此的7000多种生物中,约四分之一都是夏威夷群岛特有的,这里也是全球生物特有现象最为突出的海域之一;极危种夏威夷僧海豹和莱岛鸭等受威胁物种也以此为家;它拥有夏威夷密度最大的遗址。

关键词：哈瑙基亚全球生物夏威夷僧海豹海洋保护区夏威夷人极危种特有现象黑背信天翁地中海僧海豹

Diagnostic analysis of mesoscale rainstorms in the Jiang-Huai valley of China with convective vorticity vector

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第5期17卷 559-568页

作者： Cui Xiaopeng, Gao Shouting and Li Xiaofan (Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms (LACS), Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation and noaa/NESDIS/Center for Satellite Applications and Research, Camp Springs, Maryland, USA) Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms (LACS) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation Camp Springs Maryland United States

By the vector product of absolute vorticity vectors and equivalent potential temperature gradients, a new vector, convec-tive vorticity vector (CVV) is readdressed after Gao et al., and is applied to the study of the development and movement of mesoscale rainstorms in the Jiang-Huai valley of China by using high-resolution simulation data with PSU/NCAR MM5 briefly. The results show that the CVV, especially its vertical component which is closely related to interactions between vertical secondary circulations and horizontal equivalent potential temperature gradients, may be a good tracer and diagnostic tool in the study of mesoscale rainstorms in the Jiang-Huai valley of China. And the main physical processes responsible for the variations of the vertical component of the CVV are discussed briefly based on its tendency equation proposed in this article.

关键词： convective vorticity vector mesoscale rainstorms tendency equations.

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潜水北极冰下

小哥白尼（趣味科学） 2008年第4期 10-13页

作者：奔奔 noaa

他叫罗里,是名潜水高手,挑战各种危险海域是他最大的乐趣,而这次,他竟然声称要到北极冰下去潜水!他是疯子吗?北极冰层下的世界究竟是什么样子呢?恐怕连科学家脑中也充满了问号。这不,来自中国、美国、加拿大和俄罗斯的45名科学家组成了... 详细信息

他叫罗里,是名潜水高手,挑战各种危险海域是他最大的乐趣,而这次,他竟然声称要到北极冰下去潜水!他是疯子吗?北极冰层下的世界究竟是什么样子呢?恐怕连科学家脑中也充满了问号。这不,来自中国、美国、加拿大和俄罗斯的45名科学家组成了一支科考探险队,哦,当然还有罗里,他们乘着"希利"号破冰船,已经向那片神秘的冰海出发了……

关键词：北极冰科学家潜水衣破冰船潜水员海洋生物水下机器人摄像机希利安全绳

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八脚怪要当大明星

小哥白尼（野生动物） 2014年第3期 18-19页

作者：小夏 noaa

嗨,还记得上一期那群指责电影编剧"毫无创意"的章鱼吗?经过一个月痛定思痛的反思,它们郑重决定——干脆"破罐子破摔",在大反派这条路上一走到底。而且,章鱼不但自己会继续坦然地饰演怪物,还要拉上众亲戚,进行家庭式全面发展。那句话怎... 详细信息

嗨,还记得上一期那群指责电影编剧"毫无创意"的章鱼吗?经过一个月痛定思痛的反思,它们郑重决定——干脆"破罐子破摔",在大反派这条路上一走到底。而且,章鱼不但自己会继续坦然地饰演怪物,还要拉上众亲戚,进行家庭式全面发展。那句话怎么说来着?对,全家红才是真的红!

关键词：电影编剧家庭式僧帽水母梦如团面蛇蝎美人腕间膜模仿对象三角眼水孔