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Soil Enzyme Activities on Eroded Slopes in the Sichuan Basin, China

Pedosphere 2015年第4期25卷 489-500页

作者： nie xiaojun ZHANG Jianhui GAO Han Land Research Integrated Monitoring and Sustainable Utilization in Central China Field Science Observation & Research Base of the Ministry of Land and Resources of China School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering Henan Polytechnic University Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences

Determining how soil erosion affects enzyme activity may enhance our understanding of soil degradation on eroded agricultural landscapes. This study assessed the changes in enzyme activity with slope position and erosion type by selecting water and tillage erosion-dominated slopes and performing analyses using the 1376s technique. The 137Cs data revealed that soil loss occurred in the upper section of the two eroded slope types, while soil accumulation occurred in the lower section. The invertase activity increased downslope and exhibited a pattern similar to the 137Cs data. The spatial patterns of urease and alkaline phosphatase activities were similar to the 137Cs inventories on the water and tillage erosion-dominated slopes, respectively. On both the eroded slope types, the invertase activity and soil organic carbon content were correlated, but no correlation was observed between the alkaline phosphatase activity and total phosphorus content. Nevertheless, the urease activity was correlated with the total nitrogen content only on the water erosion-dominated slopes. The enzyme activity-to-microbial biomass carbon ratios indicated high activities of invertase and urease but low activity of phosphatase on the water erosion-dominated slopes compared with the tillage erosion-dominated slopes. Both the invertase activity and the invertase activity-to-microbial biomass carbon ratio varied with the slope position. Changes in the urease activity-to-microbial biomass carbon ratio were significantly affected by the erosion type. These suggested that the dynamics of the invertase activity were linked to soil redistribution on the two eroded slope types, whereas the dynamics of the urease and alkaline phosphatase activities were associated with soil redistribution only on the water or tillage erosion-dominated slopes, respectively. The erosion type had an obvious effect on the activities of invertase, urease and alkaline phosphatase. Soil redistribution might influence the in

关键词： 137Cs technique microbial biomass C N cycle P cycle soil organic C soil redistribution tillage erosion water erosion

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Conservation analysis of long non-coding RNAs in plants

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2018年第2期61卷 190-198页

作者： Pingchuan Deng Shu Liu xiaojun nie Song Weining Liang Wu State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas College of Agronomy and Yangling Branch of China Wheat Improvement CenterNorthwest A&F University

Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs) are gene regulators that have vital roles in development and adaptation to the environment in eukaryotes. However, the structural and evolutionary analyses of plant lncRNAs are limited. In this study, we performed an analysis of lncRNAs in five monocot and five dicot species. Our results showed that plant lncRNA genes were generally shorter and had fewer exons than protein-coding genes. The numbers of lncRNAs were positively correlated with the numbers of protein-coding genes in different plant species, despite a high range of variation. Sequence conservation analysis showed that the majority of lncRNAs had high sequence conservation at the intra-species and sub-species levels, reminiscent of protein-coding genes. At the inter-species level, a subset of lncRNAs were highly diverged at the nucleotide level, but conserved by ***, we found that plant lncRNAs have identical splicing signals, and those which can form precursors or targets of miRNAs have a conservative identity in different species. We also revealed that most of the lowly expressed lncRNAs were tissue-specific, while those highly conserved were constitutively transcribed. Meanwhile, we characterized a subset of rice lncRNAs that were co-expressed with their adjacent protein-coding genes, suggesting they may play cis-regulatory roles. These results will contribute to understanding the biological significance and evolution of lncRNAs in plants.

关键词： lncRNA conservation monocots dicots rice

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Indirect cooling experiment for magnetic alloy-loaded cavity

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2019年第3期3卷 294-300页

作者： Bin Wu Hong Sun xiaojun nie Xiao Li University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Dongguan Neutron Source Center Dongguan 523803China

Background Indirect cooling method is an alternative scheme for magnetic alloy(MA)-loaded cavity because of the feasible structure and MA core treatment *** and long-term operation is not possible without a powerful cooling system for the high-power MA *** The paper reports a method to evaluate the cooling efficiency of an indirect cooling structure for high-power-loss MA *** Two types of helix metallic cooling plate were designed and checked by CFX code considering the average power loss more than 0.13 W/*** order to enhance the heat-transfer efficiency between the non-flatness surface of the MA core and metallic cooling plate,a filling material with high thermal conductivity is *** commercial filling materials were investigated,and a high-power test bench was developed to assess the cooling efficiency.A parametric fitting method was adopted to qualify the heat-transfer coefficient according to the temperature rising *** The results indicate that the experimental data maintain good consistency with the CFX simulation results and the cooling structure meets the high-power-loss cooling *** heat-transfer capability of the filling was influenced by the thickness of heat-transfer materials and the painting *** heat-transfer performance of the thermal grease is better than that of the thermal gasket even though the latter has a higher thermal *** virtual thermal conductivity of the filling material was less than the product index and affirmed by the CFX transient simulation.

关键词： MA cavity TIM Indirect cooling Parametric fitting Transient simulation Introduction

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Wheat adaptation to environmental stresses under climate change:Molecular basis and genetic improvement

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Molecular Plant 2023年第10期16卷 1564-1589页

作者： Hude Mao Cong Jiang Chunlei Tang xiaojun nie Linying Du Yuling Liu Peng Cheng Yunfeng Wu Huiquan Liu Zhensheng Kang Xiaojie Wang State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Science Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China

Wheat(Triticum aestivum)is a staple food for about 40%of the world’s *** the global population has grown and living standards improved,high yield and improved nutritional quality have become the main targets for wheat ***,wheat production has been compromised by global warming through the more frequent occurrence of extreme temperature events,which have increased water scarcity,aggravated soil salinization,caused plants to be more vulnerable to diseases,and directly reduced plant fertility and suppressed *** promising option to address these challenges is the genetic improvement of wheat for enhanced resistance to environmental *** decades of progress in genomics and genetic engineering has tremendously advanced our understanding of the molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying abiotic and biotic stress responses in *** advances have heralded what might be considered a“golden age”of functional genomics for the genetic improvement of ***,we summarize the current knowledge on the molecular and genetic basis of wheat resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses,including the QTLs/genes involved,their functional and regulatory mechanisms,and strategies for genetic modification of wheat for improved stress *** addition,we also provide perspectives on some key challenges that need to be addressed.

关键词： wheat genomics genetic improvement abiotic stress biotic stress climate change

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野生二粒小麦AP2家族基因鉴定与表达模式分析

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麦类作物学报 2025年第1期45卷 24-36页

作者：刘涛曹启彬卫科旭张艳聂小军童维西北农林科技大学农学院陕西杨凌712100

AP2转录因子在植物信号转导、生长发育和胁迫响应方面发挥着重要作用。为探索AP2转录因子在野生二粒小麦中的分子特征,基于野生二粒小麦基因组信息,采用Blast和Hmmer进行AP2家族成员鉴定,对鉴定到的成员进行蛋白质理化性质、亚细胞定位... 详细信息

AP2转录因子在植物信号转导、生长发育和胁迫响应方面发挥着重要作用。为探索AP2转录因子在野生二粒小麦中的分子特征,基于野生二粒小麦基因组信息,采用Blast和Hmmer进行AP2家族成员鉴定,对鉴定到的成员进行蛋白质理化性质、亚细胞定位、系统进化树、保守结构域、基因扩增、顺式作用元件、密码子偏好性、表达模式和遗传多样性分析。结果表明,在野生二粒小麦中共鉴定到265个AP2基因,主要定位在细胞核和叶绿体中。根据系统进化树将其分为3个亚族,各亚族之间的保守结构域和基因结构存在保守性与多样性。AP2含有多个与生长发育和非生物胁迫相关的顺式作用元件。AP2基因的密码子偏好性可能受到压力选择作用。从AP2基因的表达模式看,该家族成员可能发生了亚功能化,且对盐胁迫响应有重要作用。通过对不同小麦群体中核酸多样性和分化指数分析,AP2基因部分成员在野生二粒小麦中具有较高的遗传多样性。

关键词：野生二粒小麦 AP2基因进化分析表达模式遗传多样性

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Circuit-Specific Control of Blood Pressure by PNMT‑Expressing Nucleus Tractus Solitarii Neurons

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2023年第8期39卷 1193-1209页

作者： Shirui Jun Xianhong Ou Luo Shi Hongxiao Yu Tianjiao Deng Jinting Chen xiaojun nie Yinchao Hao Yishuo Shi Wei Liu Yanming Tian Sheng Wang Fang Yuan Department of Neurobiology Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050017China Institute of Cardiovascular Research Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou 646000China Core Facilities and Centers Institute of Medicine and HealthHebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050017China Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology Shijiazhuang 050017China

The nucleus tractus solitarii(NTS)is one of the morphologically and functionally defined centers that engage in the autonomic regulation of cardiovascular ***-characterized NTS neurons have been implicated in the differential regulation of blood pressure(BP).Here,we investigated whether phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase(PNMT)-expressing NTS(NTS^(PNMT))neurons contribute to the control of *** demonstrate that photostimulation of NTS^(PNMT)neurons has variable effects on BP.A depressor response was produced during optogenetic stimulation of NTS^(PNMT)neurons projecting to the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus,lateral parabrachial nucleus,and caudal ventrolateral ***,photostimulation of NTS^(PNMT)neurons projecting to the rostral ventrolateral medulla produced a robust pressor response and *** addition,genetic ablation of both NTS^(PNMT)neurons and those projecting to the rostral ventrolateral medulla impaired the arterial ***,we revealed the neuronal phenotype-and circuit-specific mechanisms underlying the contribution of NTS^(PNMT)neurons to the regulation of BP.

关键词： Nucleus tractus solitarii Blood pressure Rostral ventrolateral medulla Optogenetics Neural circuit

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Physics design of the HEPS LINAC

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2020年第4期4卷 497-506页

作者： Cai Meng Xiang He Yi Jiao xiaojun nie Yue mei Peng Shengchang Wang Ouzheng Xiao Jingru Zhang Shipeng Zhang Jingyi Li Key Laboratory of Particle Acceleration Physics and Technology Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina

Purpose The High Energy Photon Source(HEPS)is a synchrotron radiation source with an ultrahigh brightness and under construction in *** accelerator system is comprised of a 6-GeV storage ring,a full energy booster,a 500-meV Linac and three transport *** deepening investigations on the physics designs of the storage ring and the booster,the physics scheme of the Linac has evolved through multiple *** The final version of the Linac,including the electron gun,bunching system and main accelerator,has been *** Linac is an s-band normal conducting electron linear accelerator with a very high bunch charge and a large bunch charge *** Based on simulations,the Linac could provide electron bunches with charge greater than 8.5-nC,meeting the energy spread and emittance *** This paper first reviews the evolution and main considerations for different design versions and then describes the physics design and dynamic simulation results of the final scheme in detail.

关键词： 5 HEPS Linac Bunch charge Emittance

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Genome-Wide Identification,Phylogeny and Expressional Profiles of Autophagy Gene Family in Bread Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)

Genome-Wide Identification,Phylogeny and Expressional Profil...

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第八届全国小麦基因组学及分子育种大会

作者： Wenjie Yue Licao Cui Weining Song xiaojun nie State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas College of Agronomy and Yangling Branch of China Wheat Improvement CenterNorthwest A&F University

Autophagy is a highly conserved intracellular degradation system that eukaryotic organism evolved for self-defense and protect cells from *** studies have conducted to demonstrate that autophagy played the crucial role in regulating plant growth and development as well as in response to diverse ***,little is known about ATG genes in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.),especially those involved in the regulatory network of stress *** this study,a total of 108 putative ATG(autophagy-associated genes) genes in wheat were obtained using a genome-wide search *** analysis classified them into 13 subfamilies,of which the ATG16 subfamily contained 29 members ranking the largest *** conserved motif composition as well as phylogenetic relationship of these TaATGs was systematically analyzed and strongly supported the ***,the exon-intron structure analysis showed that gene structure of the homoelogous genes tended to be similarity during the process of wheat polypolidation In addition,a total of 114 putative cis-elements were found and cis-elements related to light responsiveness were abundantly presented in the promoter ***,co-expression network analysis found that YAMP727 is the node of the whole network structure and complex interactions were identified among the members of interaction ***,the expression profiles of wheat ATGs among different tissues and under abiotic stresses were investigated and several tissue-specific and stress-induced genes were identified and TaATG8 subfamily was found to play a crucial role in tissue autophagy and stress defense,which could be considered as the candidates for further functional *** was the first study to report the characteristics of ATG family in wheat,which ultimately provided important clues for further functional analysis and also facilitate to reveal the evolution mechanism of ATG genes in wheat and beyond.

关键词： Wheat Autophagy-associated gene family Expression pattern Co-expression network

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紫色土坡耕地土壤物理性质空间变异对土壤侵蚀的响应

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农业工程学报 2009年第5期25卷 54-60页

作者：苏正安张建辉聂小军中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所成都610041 中国科学院研究生院北京100049 中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室成都610041

为了研究不同坡度和坡长的耕地上土壤侵蚀对土壤物理性质空间变异的影响,通过地形测量、137Cs示踪、土壤物理性质分析等方法对川中丘陵紫色土区土壤物理性质对土壤侵蚀的响应进行了研究,结果表明:在中等坡度(16.60%～25.10%)的梯坡地上... 详细信息

为了研究不同坡度和坡长的耕地上土壤侵蚀对土壤物理性质空间变异的影响,通过地形测量、137Cs示踪、土壤物理性质分析等方法对川中丘陵紫色土区土壤物理性质对土壤侵蚀的响应进行了研究,结果表明:在中等坡度(16.60%～25.10%)的梯坡地上,耕作侵蚀处于主导地位,是导致耕层土壤物理性黏粒含量和容重在梯坡地上总体差异不大(CV<6.3%),且与137Cs含量不相关的主要原因;在已退耕还林的陡梯坡地上(35.60%),水蚀占据主导地位,导致耕层土壤物理性黏粒含量和容重均与137Cs的含量显著相关。在长坡耕地上(10.10%),具有分选搬运能力的水力侵蚀占据主导地位,致使耕层土壤物理性黏粒含量与137Cs的含量具有显著的相关关系,而容重却与137Cs含量没有显著的相关关系。川中丘陵区坡耕地上,耕作侵蚀和水蚀共同作用于土层深度,使土层深度在坡顶、上坡最浅,在坡脚最深,顺坡向下逐渐增加。因此,在川中丘陵区不同坡长的坡耕地上,占主导地位的土壤侵蚀类型导致坡耕地上土壤物理性质出现相应的变化。

关键词：水力侵蚀耕作侵蚀空间变异物理特性

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紫色丘陵区土壤侵蚀对土壤生物学肥力的影响

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农业工程学报 2010年第7期26卷 32-37页

作者：聂小军张建辉苏正安河南理工大学测绘与国土信息工程学院焦作454000 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所成都610041

为更好地理解侵蚀土壤质量变化,该文利用137Cs技术探讨了川中丘陵区紫色土陡坡耕地土壤侵蚀对土壤生物学肥力的影响。结果表明,与无侵蚀的坡地相比,陡坡耕地土壤微生物量碳含量及碱性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶活性分别显著降低41%、44%、17%,土壤... 详细信息

为更好地理解侵蚀土壤质量变化,该文利用137Cs技术探讨了川中丘陵区紫色土陡坡耕地土壤侵蚀对土壤生物学肥力的影响。结果表明,与无侵蚀的坡地相比,陡坡耕地土壤微生物量碳含量及碱性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶活性分别显著降低41%、44%、17%,土壤生物学肥力退化指数MFDI达-35%。陡坡耕地土壤蔗糖酶活性与137Cs浓度显著正相关(r=0.643,p=0.024),表明蔗糖酶活性随土壤侵蚀强度增大而降低。耕作侵蚀造成的陡坡耕地上坡土壤损失导致土壤微生物量碳含量、碱性磷酸酶、脲酶及蔗糖酶活性最低,而耕作侵蚀造成的陡坡耕地坡底土壤堆积导致这4个微生物特性最高,结果陡坡耕地这些微生物特性的空间变异分别增大2.8、0.8、1.4、4.5倍。紫色土陡坡耕地土壤生物学肥力退化与空间变异性增大在今后的土地管理中应引起关注。

关键词：土壤侵蚀微生物活性耕作侵蚀 137Cs技术土壤微生物量碳土壤酶

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