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数智时代我国纠纷解决机制——从ADR到ODR

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科技智囊 2024年第4期 54-60页

作者：陈怡帆聂洪涛西安财经大学法学院陕西西安710100

[研究目的]随着信息技术的不断完善,我国电子商务蓬勃发展。与此同时,网络纠纷的增长也随之而来。数智时代民事纠纷呈现出数量多、增速快、标的较小、解决周期短的特点。[研究方法]传统的诉讼解决机制已难以适应数智时代下我国网络纠纷... 详细信息

[研究目的]随着信息技术的不断完善,我国电子商务蓬勃发展。与此同时,网络纠纷的增长也随之而来。数智时代民事纠纷呈现出数量多、增速快、标的较小、解决周期短的特点。[研究方法]传统的诉讼解决机制已难以适应数智时代下我国网络纠纷的解决需要,“互联网+”技术的发展及“共建共治共享”网络空间治理格局的不断推进使得在线纠纷解决机制应运而生。我国的在线诉讼及智慧法院建设属于ODR机制在司法领域的应用,ODR突破了传统Online ADR的非诉解纷范畴,实现了司法诉讼的线上审判新模式。企业可以直接通过互联网端进行纠纷申报与处理,避免了线下冲突;平台可以在线收集消费者的投诉信息并进行分类处理,更加高效的掌握自家产品或服务面向市场过程中产生的问题,进而加强企业管理与质量监督,改善工作,有利于将企业的不利影响降到最低。在现实应用中,我国ODR机制仍存在立法缺失、ODR机制执行效率低下、消费者信任不足等一系列问题。[研究结论]对此,应在数智背景下完善关于ODR机制对消费者保护的立法规定、培养人民群众化解矛盾纠纷的新思维范式,促进线上纠纷解决机制的普及度,加强“电子信用”建设、完善保全与救济措施、提升ODR机制的平台建设与人才储备以更好促进我国ODR机制的良性发展。

关键词：在线纠纷解决 ODR 在线调解 ADR 多元纠纷解决机制

Spatial diff erence in net growth rate of Yesso scallop Patinopecten yessoensis revealed by an aquaculture ecosystem model

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2022年第1期40卷 373-387页

作者： Xueliang NAN Hao WEI Haiyan ZHANG hongtao nie School of Marine Science and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Identifying the main factors on spatial diff erences in net growth rate of Yesso scallop(Patinopecten yessoensis)in culture system is the key to eff ective aquaculture management and *** a 3D ecosystem model(ROMS-CoSiNE)with a dynamic energy budget model for scallops,a Yesso scallop culture ecosystem(YeSCE)model was established with which scallop growth was simulated with real seeding density and juvenile size from local aquaculture experiments from December 1,2012 to November 30,*** show that the YeSCE model has reasonably simulated the environmental variation and scallop net growth rate in the Changhai sea *** growth of scallops was slow in winter and midsummer and was limited mainly by *** availability was a key factor that contributed to the fast growth of the scallops during spring to early summer and in ***,the scallops cultured in the north part of the Changhai sea area grew faster than those in the south;and the net growth rate for scallops cultured near the island was signifi cantly higher compare to the others,which is probably correlated to the spatial distribution of food *** on the correlation analysis,the spatial diff erences of the net growth rate were largely aff ected by the length of the match timing of temperatures and food *** results of this study provide a scientifi c support for optimizing bottom culture planning and adjusting bottom culture methods.

关键词： 3D ecosystem model shellfi sh aquaculture Yesso scallop Patinopecten yessoensis net growth rate Changhai sea area

Mechanisms for the link between onset and duration of open water in the Kara Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2021年第11期40卷 119-128页

作者： Chunming Dong hongtao nie Xiaofan Luo Hao Wei Wei Zhao School of Marine Science and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

The sea ice conditions in the Kara Sea have important impacts on Arctic shipping,oil and gas production,and marine environmental *** this study,sea ice coverage(C_(R))less than 30%is considered as open water,its onset and end dates are defined as T_(open)and T_(close),*** sea ice melt onset(T_(melt))is defined as the date when ice-sea freshwater flux initially changes from ice into the ***-based sea ice concentration(SIC)from 1989 to 2019 shows a negative correlation between T_(open)and T_(close)(r=-0.77,p<0.01)in the Kara *** phenomenon is also obtained through analyzing the hindcast simulation from 1994 to 2015 by a coupled ocean and sea-ice model(NAPA1/4).The model results reveal that thermodynamics dominate the sea ice variations,and ice basal melt is greater than the ice surface *** budget estimation suggests that the heat flux is significant correlated with T_(open)(r=-0.95,p<0.01)during the melt period(the duration of multi-year averaged T_(melt)to T_(open))influenced by the sea ice ***,this heat flux is also suggested to dominate the interannual variation of the heat input during the whole heat absorption process(r=0.81,p<0.01).The more heat input during this process leads to later T_(close)(r=0.77,p<0.01).This is the physical basis of the negative correlation between T_(open)and T_(close).Therefore,the duration of open water can be predicted by T_(open)and thence support earlier planning of marine activities.

关键词： sea ice open water onset duration of open water heat budget Kara Sea

Effect of compressive strength on the performance of the NEMO-LIM model in Arctic Sea ice simulation

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2023年第1期41卷 1-16页

作者： Chunming DONG Xiaofan LUO hongtao nie Wei ZHAO Hao WEI School of Marine Science and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Satellite records show that the extent and thickness of sea ice in the Arctic Ocean have significantly decreased since the early *** prediction of sea ice is highly important,but accurate simulation of sea ice variations remains highly *** improving model performance,sensitivity experiments were conducted using the coupled ocean and sea ice model(NEMO-LIM),and the simulation results were compared against satellite ***,the contribution ratios of dynamic and thermodynamic processes to sea ice variations were *** results show that the performance of the model in reconstructing the spatial distribution of Arctic sea ice is highly sensitive to ice strength decay constant(C^(rhg)).By reducing the C^(rhg) constant,the sea ice compressive strength increases,leading to improved simulated sea ice *** contribution of thermodynamic processes to sea ice melting was reduced due to less deformation and fracture of sea ice with increased compressive ***,dynamic processes constrained more sea ice to the central Arctic Ocean and contributed to the increases in ice concentration,reducing the simulation bias in the central Arctic Ocean in *** root mean square error(RMSE)between modeled and the CryoSat-2/SMOS satellite observed ice thickness was reduced in the compressive strength-enhanced model *** ice thickness,especially of multiyear thick ice,was also reduced and matched with the satellite observation better in the freezing *** provide an essential foundation on exploring the response of the marine ecosystem and biogeochemical cycling to sea ice changes.

关键词： sea ice compressive strength sensitivity experiment ocean-sea ice model Arctic Ocean

Microsatellite-Centromere Mapping in Japanese Scallop(Patinopecten yessoensis) Through Half-Tetrad Analysis in Gynogenetic Diploid Families

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2016年第3期15卷 541-548页

作者： LI Qi QI Mingjun nie hongtao KONG Lingfeng YU Hong Key Laboratory of Mariculture of Ministry of Education Ocean University of China College of Fisheries and Life Science Dalian Ocean University

Gene-centromere mapping is an essential prerequisite for understanding the composition and structure of genomes. Half-tetrad analysis is a powerful tool for mapping genes and understanding chromosomal behavior during meiosis. The Japanese scallop(Patinopecten yessoensis), a cold-tolerant species inhabiting the northwestern Pacific coast, is a commercially important marine bivalve in Asian countries. In this study, inheritance of 32 informative microsatellite loci was examined in 70-h D-shaped larvae of three induced meiogynogenetic diploid families of P. yessoensis for centromere mapping using half-tetrad analysis. The ratio of gynogenetic diploids was proven to be 100%, 100% and 96% in the three families, respectively. Inheritance analysis in the control crosses showed that 51 of the 53 genotypic ratios observed were in accordance with Mendelian expectations at the 5% level after Bonferroni correction. Seven of the 32 microsatellite loci showed the existence of null alleles in control crosses. The second division segregation frequency(y) of the microsatellite loci ranged from 0.07 to 0.85 with a mean of 0.38, suggesting the existence of positive interference after a single chiasma formation in some chromosomes in the scallop. Microsatellite-centromere distances ranged from 4 c M to 42 c M under the assumption of complete interference. Information on the positions of centromeres in relation to the microsatellite loci will represent a contribution towards the assembly of genetic maps in the commercially important scallop species.

关键词： Patinopecten yessoensis gynogenetic diploid microsatellite half-tetrad analysis microsatellite-centromere mapping

Translation of a spinal bone cement product from bench to bedside

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第4期7卷 345-354页

作者： Fei Feng Mengmeng Chen Xuan Wang Hongwei Zhang hongtao nie Hai Tang Department of Orthopedics Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNo.95Yong An RdXi Cheng DistrictBeijing100050China Beijing Bonsci Technology Co Ltd No.1006th Kechuang StreetBeijing Economic and Technological Development AreaBeijing100176China

Spinal acrylic bone cements(ABCs)are used clinically for percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP)and kyphoplasty(PKP)to treat osteoporotic vertebral compression *** translation of spinal ABC products followed the design control processes including design verification and *** bench to bedside translation of the first Chinese spinal ABC product(Alliment®,namely Alliment Cement)approved by National Medical Products Administration of China was investigated and another commercial product served as the control(Osteopal®V,namely Osteopal V Cement).Results of non-clinical bench performance verification tests of compression,bending and monomer release showed that the newly marketed Alliment Cement is similar to the Osteopal V Cement with properties of both meeting the criteria specified by *** Alliment Cement demonstrated good biocompatibility during the 26 weeks’bone implantation *** cadaver validation tests further revealed that the Alliment Cement satisfied the needs for both PVP and PKP procedures.A post-approval,retrospective clinical investigation further demonstrated the safety and efficacy of the Alliment Cement,with a significant reduction of pain and the improved stability of the fractured vertebral bodies.A successful translation of biomaterial medical products needs close collaborations among academia,industry,healthcare professionals and regulatory agencies.

关键词： Bone cement Spine Translational research Vertebroplasty Kyphoplasty Safety and efficacy

维普期刊数据库评论

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宪法视野下的和谐社会构建

理论导刊 2006年第11期 10-12页

作者：聂洪涛西安交通大学人文学院

作为一国根本大法的宪法,应是民主、法治、人权这些核心精神的集中体现,也为其提供了重要的保障作用。因此,保障宪法实施,实现宪法秩序,是构建社会主义和谐社会的必由之路。

关键词：和谐社会宪法功能宪法秩序

Genetic diversity and structure of Manila clam（Ruditapes philippinarum） populations from Liaodong peninsula revealed by SSR markers

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Genetic diversity and structure of Manila clam（Ruditapes ph...

保护与创作:博物馆文创产品著作权法律问题分析

2014年中国水产学会学术年会

作者： hongtao nie Hongbo Niu Xiwu Yan Liqiang Zhao Feng Yang Engineering and Technology Research Center of Shellfish Breeding in Liaoning Province Dalian Ocean University

Manila clam（Ruditapes philippinarum） is an important commercially marine bivalve, and its wild populations have been severely declining in the coast of China during the last decade. Given the widely cultured and economically important of this species, microsatellite markers were surveyed in eight wild populations from the coastal area of Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea around Liaodong Peninsula in China to estimate genetic diversity. In this study, a set of 7 genomic simple sequence repeat（SSR）, and 5 expressed sequences tag（EST）-derived SSR markers were analyzed on eight wild R. philippinarum populations to assess the genetic diversity and population differentiation. A total of 114 alleles were detected on 12 loci, and the number of alleles per locus in each population ranged from 2 to 11, and allelic richness per locus varied from 2.00 to 10.88 for each sample. The average of observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.386 to 0.550, and from 0.533 to 0.707, respectively. Pairwise FST values indicated that all population pairs had significant genetic differentiation（overall FST = 0.242, P ＜ 0.01）. Cluster analysis using unweighted pair group method with the arithmetic mean（UPGMA） separated the eight populations into two groups. This study will shed light on the domestication and cultivation on population genetic diversity of R. philippinarum, and also provide the foundation for conservation of R. philippinarum germplasm resources in clam breeding practice.

关键词： Ruditapes philippinarum Microsatellite Genetic diversity Genetic differentiation Conservation

来源： cnki会议评论

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中国博物馆 2020年第1期 13-18页

作者：聂洪涛李宁西安财经大学法学院西安710061

随着文化产业重要性的提升以及国家政策法规的出台支撑,我国博物馆文创产业逐步发展且获得一定规模。但是,博物馆在开发文创产品过程中产生的原始藏品及文创产品著作权不清晰、文创产品独创性不高、文创产品被伪造假冒等著作权问题愈发... 详细信息

随着文化产业重要性的提升以及国家政策法规的出台支撑,我国博物馆文创产业逐步发展且获得一定规模。但是,博物馆在开发文创产品过程中产生的原始藏品及文创产品著作权不清晰、文创产品独创性不高、文创产品被伪造假冒等著作权问题愈发严重,阻碍博物馆文创的发展。通过分析借鉴英美发达国家的先进经验,提出以确权合同为依据明晰原始藏品和文创产品产权归属、成立博物馆内部知识产权管理机构等建议,助推我国博物馆文创的发展。

关键词：博物馆文创产品著作权知识产权