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微纳电子技术 1976年第2期 50-52页

作者： naoki yokoyama 晓白

将 Au-Ge 接触合金到 n 型砷化镓上已被广泛地用作欧姆接触。对于接触特性来说,合金周期内的升温速率是重要的因素.本文报导了升温时间对欧姆接触性质的影响和用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）及电子探针微分析器（EPMA）对再生长层的观察结果... 详细信息

将 Au-Ge 接触合金到 n 型砷化镓上已被广泛地用作欧姆接触。对于接触特性来说,合金周期内的升温速率是重要的因素.本文报导了升温时间对欧姆接触性质的影响和用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）及电子探针微分析器（EPMA）对再生长层的观察结果。在掺铬的砷化镓半绝缘衬底上面,用 Ga-AsCl3-N2系统的气相反应法淀积 n 型砷化镓外延层,外延层厚度为0.4微米,掺杂浓度为3×1016原子/厘米3。用蒸发方法在

关键词：升温速率欧姆接触低共熔合金接触电阻率

Unveiling the anticancer effect of traditional Chinese herbal medicine

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第30期30卷 3625-3627页

作者： naoki Asano Division of Carcinogenesis and Senescence Biology Tohoku University Graduate School of MedicineNatori 981-1293MiyagiJapan Division of Cancer Stem Cell Miyagi Cancer Center Research InstituteNatori 981-1293MiyagiJapan

In this issue of World Journal of Gastroenterology,Huang et al reported that Calculus bovis(CB),a traditional Chinese herbal medicine,impedes the growth of liver cancers in *** further in vitro studies,they showed that CB suppressed the M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages by suppressing the Wnt signaling pathway,which consequently inhibited the growth of liver *** the effects of traditional Chinese herbal medicine are often not scientifically proven,Huang et al successfully identified the molecular mechanism involved in the anticancer effect of CB,and it is anticipated that the molecular mechanisms involved in the effects of other traditional Chinese herbal medicines will be scientifically elucidated,as demonstrated in this article.

关键词： Calculus bovis Chinese herbal medicine Wnt Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver cancer Tumor-associated macrophages M2 polarization

Engineering W/O/W pickering emulsion for the enhanced antigen delivery and immune responses

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颗粒学报（英文版） 2024年第9期92卷 224-233页

作者： Sihua Wu Xiaonan Huang Yin Ma naoki Asakawa Yufei Xia State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100081China Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China Division of Molecular Science Graduate School of Science and TechnologyGunma University1-5-1Tenjin-choKiryu376-8515Japan State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100081China Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China Sinovac Biotech Ltd. Beijing100085China School of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing211816China Division of Molecular Science Graduate School of Science and TechnologyGunma University1-5-1Tenjin-choKiryu376-8515Japan State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100081China Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China

Tumor immunotherapy,particularly cancer vaccines,holds promise for combating cancer by harnessing tailored immune responses against malignant ***,conventional approaches face challenges in efficiently delivering antigens for optimal immune *** adjuvants,like MF59,enhance cellular uptake but struggle to induce robust CD8+T cell ***,we introduce a novel strategy employing a water-in-oil-in-water(W/O/W)multiple Pickering emulsion(mPE)for antigen *** mPE,utilizing biocompatible,pH-sensitive particles,encapsulates antigens within the inner water phase,ensuring enhanced intracellular processing and dictating the intracellular fate of antigens for improved *** vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that mPEs induced robust dendritic cells activation and antigen cross-presentation,leading to a significantly enhanced immune ***,calcium phosphate-stabilized mPE(CaP-mPE)illustrated the more robust IFN-γ+T cell *** comparison with traditional surfactant-stabilized multiple emulsions,CaP-mPE significantly inhibit tu-mor growth and effectively prolong the survival of tumor-bearing *** innovative approach offers a promising avenue for the development of effective cancer vaccines with potent cellular immune responses.

关键词： Adjuvant Anti-tumor response Antigen delivery Cancer vaccine Multiple pickering emulsion

Knockout of a rice K5.2 gene increases Ca accumulation in the grain

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第2期66卷 252-264页

作者： Peitong Wang naoki Yamaji Namiki Mitani-Ueno Jun Ge Jian Feng Ma National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics&Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Institute of Plant Science and Resources Okayama UniversityKurashiki 710-0046Japan

Rice is a staple food for half of the world’s population,but it is a poor dietary source of calcium(Ca)due to the low *** is an important issue to boost Ca concentration in this grain to improve Ca deficiency risk,but the mechanisms underlying Ca accumulation are poorly ***,we obtained a rice(Oryza sativa)mutant with high shoot Ca *** mutant exhibited 26%-53% higher Ca in shoots than did wild-type rice(WT)at different Ca *** concentration in the xylem sap was 36% higher in the mutant than in the *** was no difference in agronomic traits between the WT and mutant,but the mutant showed 25% higher Ca in the polished grain compared with the ***-based cloning combined with a complementation test revealed that the mutant phenotype was caused by an 18-bp deletion of a gene,OsK5.2,belonging to the Shaker-like K+channel ***5.2 was highly expressed in the mature region of the roots and its expression in the roots was not affected by Ca levels,but upregulated by low *** showed that OsK5.2 was mainly expressed in the pericycle of the *** together,our results revealed a novel role for OsK5.2 in Ca translocation in rice,and will be a good target for Ca biofortification in rice.

关键词： accumulation biofortification calcium OsK5.2 pericycle rice translocation

Nitrogen-based fertilizers differentially affect protist community composition in paddy field soils

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SOIL ECOLOGY LETTERS 2024年第3期6卷 230221-230221页

作者： Bodur, Seda Ozer Samuel, Solomon Oloruntoba Suzuki, Kazuki Harada, naoki Asiloglu, Rasit Niigata Univ Grad Sch Sci & Technol Niigata Japan North Carolina State Univ Dept Plant & Microbial Biol Raleigh NC USA Niigata Univ Inst Sci & Technol Niigata Japan

Nitrogen fertilizers' effects on protists in three paddy field soils were *** nitrogen fertilizers had distinctive effects on the protist *** effect of nitrogen fertilizers on protist communities slightly depended on the soil *** protists were the main groups that were affected by nitrogen *** are one of the most diverse and dominant microbial groups and they play critical roles in the soil ecosystem. Although nitrogen fertilizers have a profound impact on protist communities, still less is known about how different nitrogen fertilizer types affect protist community composition in different soil types. Here we investigated the effects of six inorganic nitrogen fertilizers (urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate, ammonium chloride, and diammonium hydrogen phosphate) and an organic fertilizer (a mixture of rice husk and cow manure) on protist community composition in three paddy field soils using a high-throughput sequencing method. The effect of the fertilizers on the functional groups of protists, namely consumers (predators and decomposers), photoautotrophs, and parasites (plant pathogens and animal parasites) was also analyzed. The results showed that nitrogen fertilizers had distinctive effects on the beta diversity of the protists, while we also observed that the same fertilizer had slightly different effects depending on the soil type. Amoebozoa and Rhizaria were the most affected protist taxonomical groups, while predatory protists were the main functional groups that were affected by nitrogen fertilizers. Random forest analysis showed that most of the fertilizer-affected protists were predators, among which Cercozoa was the most affected taxa. In conclusion, our results provide important insights into the impact of nitrogen fertilizers on soil protist communities.

关键词： nitrogen fertilizer bottom-up paddy field predatory protist soil protist community

Computer-controlled ultra high voltage amplifier for dielectric elastomer actuators

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Biomimetic Intelligence & Robotics 2024年第1期4卷 14-23页

作者： Ardi Wiranata Zebing Mao Yu Kuwajima Yuya Yamaguchi Muhammad Akhsin Muflikhun Hiroki Shigemune naoki Hosoya Shingo Maeda Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Gadjah MadaYogyakarta 55281Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Tokyo Institute of TechnologyTokyo 152-8550Japan Department of Engineering and Science Shibaura Institute of TechnologyTokyo 135-8548Japan Department of Electrical Engineering Shibaura Institute of TechnologyTokyo 135-8548Japan Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics Shibaura Institute of TechnologyTokyo 135-8548Japan Living Systems Materialogy(LiSM)Research Group International Research Frontiers Initiative(IRFI)Tokyo Institute of TechnologyYokohama 226-8501Japan

Soft robotics is a breakthrough technology to support human-robot *** soft structure of a soft robot can increase safety during human and robot *** of the promising soft actuators for soft robotics is dielectric elastomer actuators(DEAs).DEAs can operate silently and have an excellent energy *** simple structure of DEAs leads to the easy fabrication of soft *** simplicity combined with silent operation and high energy density make DEAs interesting for soft robotics *** actuation follows the Maxwell-pressure *** pressure produced in the DEAs actuation depends much on the voltage *** DEAs requires high voltage to gain an *** the power consumption of DEAs is in the milli-Watt range,the current needed to operate the DEAs can be *** commercially available DC-DC converters can convert the volt range to the kV *** order to get a voltage in the 2-3 kV range,the reliable DC-DC converter can be pricy for each *** problem hinders the education of soft actuators,especially for a newcomer laboratory that works in soft electric *** paper introduces an entirely do-it-yourself(DIY)Ultrahigh voltage amplifier(UHV-Amp)for education in soft ***-Amp can amplify 12 V to at a maximum of 4 kV *** a demonstration,we used this UHV-Amp to test a single layer of powdered-based *** strategy to build this educational type UHV-Amp was utilizing a Cockcroft-Walton circuit structure to amplify the voltage range to the kV *** its current state,the UHV-Amp has the potential to achieve approximately 4 *** created a simple platform to control the UHV-Amp from a personal *** near future,we expect this easy control of the UHV-Amp can contribute to the education of soft electric actuators.

关键词： Dielectric elastomer actuators Electric amplifier Soft actuators Soft robotics Soft actuator education

Real-world efficacy and safety of tofacitinib treatment in Asian patients with ulcerative colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第13期30卷 1871-1886页

作者： Kentaro Kojima Kenji Watanabe Mikio Kawai Soichi Yagi Koji Kaku Maiko Ikenouchi Toshiyuki Sato Koji Kamikozuru Yoko yokoyama Tetsuya Takagawa Masahito Shimizu Shinichiro Shinzaki Department of Gastroenterology Hyogo Medical UniversityNishinomiya 663-8501Japan Department of Gastroenterology Gifu University Graduate School of MedicineGifu 501-1194Japan Department of Internal Medicine for Inflammatory Bowel Disease The University of ToyamaToyama 930-0194Japan Center for Clinical Research and Education Hyogo Medical UniversityNishinomiya 663-8501Japan

BACKGROUND Real-world data on tofacitinib(TOF)covering a period of more than 1 year for a sufficient number of Asian patients with ulcerative colitis(UC)are *** To investigate the long-term efficacy and safety of TOF treatment for UC,including clinical *** We performed a retrospective single-center observational analysis of 111 UC patients administered TOF at Hyogo Medical University as a tertiary inflammatory bowel disease *** consecutive UC patients who received TOF between May 2018 and February 2020 were *** were followed up until August *** primary outcome was the clinical response rate at week *** outcomes included clinical remission at week 8,cumulative persistence rate of TOF administration,colectomy-free survival,relapse after tapering of TOF and predictors of clinical response at week 8 and week *** The clinical response and remission rates were 66.3%and 50.5%at week 8,and 47.1%and 43.5%at week 48,*** overall cumulative clinical remission rate was 61.7%at week 48 and history of anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)agents use had no influence(P=0.25).The cumulative TOF persistence rate at week 48 was significantly lower in patients without clinical remission than in those with remission at week 8(30.9%vs 88.1%;P<0.001).Baseline partial Mayo Score was significantly lower in responders vs non-responders at week 8(odds ratio:0.61,95%confidence interval:0.45-0.82,P=0.001).Relapse occurred in 45.7%of patients after TOF tapering,and 85.7%of patients responded within 4 wk after *** 6 patients with herpes zoster(HZ)developed the infection after achieving remission by *** TOF was more effective in UC patients with mild activity at baseline and its efficacy was not affected by previous treatment with anti-TNF-α*** relapsed patients responded again after re-increase of TOF and nearly half relapsed after tapering off *** attention is needed for tapering and H

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Tofacitinib Janus kinase inhibitor Real-world Biologics

Transmembrane serine protease 4 expression in the prognosis of radical resection for biliary tract cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第8期16卷 2555-2564页

作者： Yoshiyuki Shibata Takeshi Sudo Sho Tazuma naoki Tanimine Takashi Onoe Yosuke Shimizu Atsushi Yamaguchi Kazuya Kuraoka Shinya Takahashi Hirotaka Tashiro Department of Surgery National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer CenterHiroshima 737-0023Japan Department of Gastroenterology National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer CenterHiroshima 737-0023Japan Department of Diagnostic Pathology National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Centerand Chugoku Cancer CenterHiroshima 737-0023Japan Department of Surgery Graduate School of Biochemical and Health ScienceHiroshima UniversityHiroshima 734-8551Japan

BACKGROUND Recent advancements in biliary tract cancer(BTC)treatment have expanded beyond surgery to include adjuvant therapy,yet the prognosis remains *** prognostic biomarkers could enhance the assessment of patients who have undergone radical resection for *** To determine transmembrane serine protease 4(TMPRSS4)utility as a prognostic biomarker of radical resection for *** Medical records of patients who underwent radical resection for BTC,excluding intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma,were retrospectively *** associations between TMPRSS4 expression and clinicopathological factors,overall survival,and recurrence-free survival were *** Among the 85 patients undergoing radical resection for BTC,46(54%)were *** TMPRSS4-positive group exhibited significantly higher preoperative carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA19-9)values and greater lymphatic invasion than the TMPRSS4-negative group(P=0.019 and 0.039,respectively).Postoperative overall survival and recurrence-free survival were significantly worse in the TMPRSS4-positive group(median survival time:25.3 months vs not reached,P<0.001;median survival time:28.7 months vs not reached,P=0.043,respectively).Multivariate overall survival analysis indicated TMPRSS4 positivity,pT3/T4,and resection status R1 were independently associated with poor prognosis(P=0.032,0.035 and 0.030,respectively).TMPRSS4 positivity correlated with preoperative CA19-9 values≥37 U/mL and pathological tumor size≥30 mm(P=0.016 and 0.038,respectively).CONCLUSION TMPRSS4 is a potential prognostic biomarker of radical resection for BTC.

关键词： Biliary tract cancer Biomarker Prognosis Radical resection Transmembrane serine protease 4

Anti-Obesity Effects of Dietary d-Allulose and Medium-Chain Triglycerides in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第8期15卷 701-710页

作者： Tatsuhiro Matsuo Chihiro yokoyama Takako Yamada Tetsuo Iida Susumu Mochizuki Akihide Yoshihara Kazuya Akimitsu Faculty of Agriculture Kagawa University Miki-cho Japan Research and Development Matsutani Chemical Industry Co. Ltd. Itami Japan

d-Allulose, a rare sugar, exerts anti-obesity effects by inhibiting hepatic lipogenesis and promoting energy expenditure. Medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) consist of three medium-chain fatty acids connected by glycerol. MCTs have been extensively investigated for their ability to reduce body fat accumulation. We previously investigated the anti-obesity effects of a combination of dietary d-allulose and MCT (5% - 13%) in rats;however, we could not confirm the anti-obesity effects of MCT or observed synergetic effects between d-allulose and MCT on body fat loss. We speculated that our previous studies were influenced by the excessive amount of MCT in the diets. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the anti-obesity effects of the simultaneous intake of d-allulose and MCT in rats fed an obesity-inducing high-fat diet with a low amount of MCTs (2%). Thirty-two male Wistar rats (3-week-old) were randomly divided into four groups: control, d-allulose, MCT, and d-allulose + MCT groups. Rats in each group were fed ad libitum on a control (no d-Allulose or MCT), 5% d-allulose, 2% MCT, or 5% d-allulose + 2% MCT diets for 16 weeks. Abdominal adipose tissue weights were significantly lower in the d-allulose diet group than in the control group, whereas no differences were observed between results of the MCT-supplemented groups. The total body fat mass was significantly lower in the d-allulose and MCT diet groups than in the control group, but no differences were observed between the MCT-supplemented groups. These results suggested that anti-obesity effects of dietary d-allulose were observed, and the effects of dietary MCTs were weaker than those of d-allulose. Moreover, we confirmed the interaction between dietary d-allulose and MCT on indicators of obesity. Interestingly, their effects were not synergistic, as MCT supplementation offset the anti-obesity effects of dietary d-allulose. However, the specific mechanisms underlying those effects remain unknown, warran

关键词： Rare Sugar d-Allulose Medium-Chain Triglycerides Body Fat Rat