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Defined hydrogels for spinal cord organoids:challenges and potential applications

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neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2329-2330页

作者： Wai Hon Chooi Yuewen Wu Shi-yan ng Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology(IMCB) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore Department of Physiology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore(NUS)SingaporeSingapore

Organoids of the central nervous system,primarily derived from pluripotent stem cells or neural stem cells,are three-dimensional tissue cultures with self-organizing *** exposed to the right combinations of signals,they differentiate into a 3D tissue consisting of complex cytoarchitecture and native cell types,including various neuron subtypes and glial *** features closely mimic native tissues,making them invaluable for developmental studies and disease *** recent years,spinal cord organoids(SCOs)have been developed to investigate spinal cord development,injuries,and various neurological *** an integral part of the central nervous system,SCOs play a vital role and serve as a site for studying both neurodevelopment and neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： properties injuries primarily

Compression of Battery X-Ray Tomography Data with Machine Learning

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第9期41卷 153-158页

作者： Zipei yan Qiyu Wang Xiqian Yu Jizhou Li Michael K.-P.ng Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Beijing national Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Huairou Division Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057China Department of Mathematics Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina

With the increasing demand for high-resolution x-ray tomography in battery characterization,the challenges of storing,transmitting,and analyzing substantial imaging data necessitate more efficient *** data compression methods struggle to balance reduction ratio and image quality,often failing to preserve critical details for accurate *** study proposes a machine learning-assisted compression method tailored for battery x-ray imaging *** physics-informed representation learning,our approach significantly reduces file sizes without sacrificing meaningful *** validate the method on typical battery materials and different x-ray imaging techniques,demonstrating its effectiveness in preserving structural and chemical *** results show an up-to-95 compression ratio while maintaining high fidelity in the projection and reconstructed *** proposed framework provides a promising solution for managing large-scale battery x-ray imaging datasets,facilitating significant advancements in battery research and development.

关键词： battery Battery details

Application of artifcial intelligence in cataract management:current and future directions

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Eye and Vision 2024年第1期10卷 21-30页

作者： Laura Gutierrez Jane Sujuan Lim Li Lian Foo Wei yan ng Michelle Yip Gilbert Yong San Lim Melissa Hsing Yi Wong Allan Fong Mohamad Rosman Jodhbir Singth Mehta Haotian Lin Darren Shu Jeng Ting Daniel Shu Wei Ting Singapore Eye Research Institute SingaporeSingapore Singapore national Eye Center 11 Third Hospital AvenueSingapore 168751Singapore Academic Ophthalmology School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center Sun Yet Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina

The rise of artifcial intelligence(AI)has brought breakthroughs in many areas of *** ophthalmology,AI has delivered robust results in the screening and detection of diabetic retinopathy,age-related macular degeneration,glaucoma,and retinopathy of *** management is another feld that can beneft from greater AI *** is the leading cause of reversible visual impairment with a rising global clinical *** diagnosis,monitoring,and surgical management are necessary to address this *** addition,patients in large developing countries often sufer from limited access to tertiary care,a problem further exacerbated by the ongoing COVID-19 *** on the other hand,can help transform cataract management by improving automation,efcacy and overcoming geographical ***,AI can be applied as a telediagnostic platform to screen and diagnose patients with cataract using slit-lamp and fundus *** utilizes a deep-learning,convolutional neural network(Cnn)to detect and classify referable cataracts ***,some of the latest intraocular lens formulas have used AI to enhance prediction accuracy,achieving superior postoperative refractive results compared to traditional ***,AI can be used to augment cataract surgical skill training by identifying diferent phases of cataract surgery on video and to optimize operating theater workfows by accurately predicting the duration of surgical ***,some AI Cnn models are able to efectively predict the progression of posterior capsule opacifcation and eventual need for YAG laser *** advances in AI could transform cataract management and enable delivery of efcient ophthalmic *** key challenges include ethical management of data,ensuring data security and privacy,demonstrating clinically acceptable performance,improving the generalizability of AI models across heterogeneous populations,and improving the trust of e

关键词： Artifcial intelligence Telemedicine Cataract Cataract screening Cataract surgery IOL calculations Biometry Machine learning

“Capture-activation-recapture” mechanism-guided design of double-atom catalysts for electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第9期96卷 437-447页

作者： Cheng He Shiqi yan Wenxue Zhang State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049ShaanxiChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064ShaanxiChina

Compared with the traditional industrial nitrogen fixation, electrocatalytic methods, especially those utilizing double-atom catalysts containing nonmetals, can give good consideration to the economy and environmental protection. However, the existing “acceptance-donation” mechanism is only applicable to bimetallic catalysts and nonmetallic double-atom catalysts containing boron atoms. Herein, a novel “capture-activation-recapture” mechanism for metal-nonmetal double-atom catalyst is proposed to solve the problem by adjusting the coordination environments of nonmetallic atoms and utilizing the activation effect of metal atoms on nitrogen. Based on this mechanism, the nitrogen reduction reaction (nRR) activity of 48 structures is calculated by density functional theory calculation, and four candidates are selected as outstanding electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction catalysts: Si-Fe@ng (U_(L) = –0.14 V), Si-Co@ng (U_(L)= –0.15 V), Si-Mo@BP1 (U_(L) = 0 V), and Si-Re@BP1 (U_(L) = –0.02 V). The analyses of electronic properties further confirm “capture-activation-recapture” mechanism and suggest that the difference in valence electron distribution between metal and Si atoms triggers the activation of n≡n bonds. In addition, a machine learning approach is utilized to generate an expression and an intrinsic descriptor that considers the coordination environment to predict the limiting potential. This study offers profound insight into the synergistic mechanism of TM and Si for nRR and guidance in the design of novel double-atom nitrogen fixation catalysts.

关键词： "Capture-activation-recapture"mechanism Double-atom catalyst nitrogen reduction reaction Density functional theory

Spatial construction of ultrasmall Pt-decorated 3D spinel oxidemodified n-doped graphene nanoarchitectures as high-efficiency methanol oxidation electrocatalysts

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 186-197页

作者： Qi Zhang Min-Min yan Wen-Fa Du Chen-Yu Yin Jian Zhang Lu yang Yun-Qing Kang Hai-yan He Hua-Jie Huang College of Mechanics and Materials Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China new Energy Technology Engineering Lab of Jiangsu Province College of ScienceNanjing University of Posts&Telecommunications(NUPT)Nanjing 210023China International Center for Materials nanoarchitectonics(WPIMAnA) National Institute for Materials ScienceTsukuba 305-0044IbarakiJapan

Direct methanol fuel cell technology recently becomes the focus of both academic and engineering circles,which stimulates the exploitation and utilization of advanced electrode catalysts with high activity and long ***,we demonstrate a robust bottom-up approach to the spatial construction of three-dimensional(3D) spinel manganese-cobalt oxide-modified n-doped graphene nanoarchitectures decorated with ultrasmall Pt nanoparticles(Pt/MnCo_(2)O_(4)-ng) via a controllable selfassembly *** incorporation of MnCo_(2)O_(4)nanocrystals provides abundant hydroxyl sources to promote the oxidative removal of CO-like byproducts on Pt sites,while the existence of 3D porous n-doped graphene networks facilitates the transportation of both ions and electrons in the hybrid system,thus giving rise to remarkable synergetic coupling effects during the methanol oxidation ***,the optimized Pt/MnCo_(2)O_(4)-ng nano architecture expres ses exceptional electrocatalytic properties with a large electrochemically active surface area of 99.5 m^(2)·g^(-1),a high mass activity of1508.3 mA·mg^(-1),strong toxicity resistance and reliable long-term durability,which have obvious competitive advantages over those of conventional Pt/carbon black,Pt/carbon nano tube,Pt/graphene,and Pt/n-doped graphene catalysts with the same Pt usage.

关键词： Platinum MnCo_(2)O_(4) 3D graphene Electrocatalysts Methanol oxidation

Experimental Study on Impingement Processes of Fuel Sprays on Biomimetic Structured Surfaces

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第1期21卷 362-373页

作者： yanling Chen Liang Guo Wanchen Sun Yuying yan Rong Xuan Junfeng Zhang State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin UniversityChangchun 130025China Faculty of Engineering University of NottinghamNottingham NG72RDUK

To improve the controllability of the wall-wetting process after the fuel spray-wall impingement in internal combustion engines,the methods of laser etching,chemical etching and surface free energy modification are used to prepare biomimetic structured surfaces with different *** impingement processes of diesel and n-butanol sprays on the walls under different conditions are experimentally *** the surface oleophilicity increases,the spreading radius of wall-impinging sprays *** about 5 s after the fuel injections,the fuel spray droplets hit the walls for the first time,and the secondary breakup and rebound *** mixture concentrations of different fuels hitting the various walls reach the peak *** a higher surface temperature,the peak value of the mixture concentration is mainly related to the heat flux to the fuel droplets in different boiling regimes from the metal *** concentration of the air–fuel mixture in the near wall region increases with increasing surface oleophilicity,increasing wall temperature and decreasing ambient *** with diesel,n-butanol presents a higher air–fuel mixture concentration in the near wall region.

关键词： Spray-wall impingement Morphological development Air-fuel mixture concentration Surface wettability Wall temperature:Ambient pressure

Risk evaluation for the task transfer of an aircraft maintenance program based on a multielement connection number

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Frontiers of Engineering Management 2024年第1期11卷 16-31页

作者： Tao LIU Zhibo SHI Huifen DOng Jie BAI Yu yan College of Electronics Information and Automation Civil Aviation University of ChinaTianjin 300300China College of Airworthiness Civil Aviation University of ChinaTianjin 300300China

This paper proposes a framework for evaluating the efficacy and suitability of maintenance programs with a focus on quantitative risk assessment in the domain of aircraft maintenance task transfer. The analysis is anchored in the principles of Maintenance Steering Group-3 (MSG-3) logic decision paradigms. The paper advances a holistic risk assessment index architecture tailored for the task transfer of maintenance programs. Utilizing the analytic network process (AnP), the study quantifies the weight interrelationships among diverse variables, incorporating expert-elicited subjective weighting. A multielement connection number-based evaluative model is employed to characterize decision-specific data, thereby facilitating the quantification of task transfer-associated risk through the appraisal of set-pair potentials. Moreover, the paper conducts a temporal risk trend analysis founded on partial connection numbers of varying orders. This analytical construct serves to streamline the process of risk assessment pertinent to maintenance program task transfer. The empirical component of this research, exemplified through a case study of the Boeing 737ng aircraft maintenance program, corroborates the methodological robustness and pragmatic applicability of the proposed framework in the quantification and analysis of mission transfer risk.

关键词： risk evaluation maintenance steering group analytic network process task transfer maintenance program

Iodine nutrition, Thyroid-stimulating Hormone, and Related Factors of Postpartum Women from three Different Areas in China: A Cross-sectional Survey

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期37卷 254-265页

作者： SHAn Xiao Yun ZOU yan HUAng Li Chun JIAng Shan ZHOU Wei Wen QIn Qiu Lan LIU Chang Qing LUO Xiao yan LU Jia Xi MAO De Qian LI Min yanG Zhen Yu yanG Li Chen Key Laboratory of Trace Element nutrition of national Health Committee National Institute for Nutrition and HealthChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100050China Hunan Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards School of Public HealthHengyang Medical SchoolUniversity of South ChinaHengyang 241001HunanChina Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control Hangzhou 310051ZhejiangChina Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention Nanning 530028GuangxiChina Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Shijiazhuang 050021HebeiChina

Objective Studies on the relationship between iodine,vitamin A(VA),and vitamin D(VD)and thyroid function are *** study aimed to analyze iodine and thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH)status and their possible relationships with VA,VD,and other factors in postpartum *** A total of 1,311 mothers(896 lactating and 415 non-lactating)from Hebei,Zhejiang,and Guangxi provinces were included in this *** urinary iodine concentration(UIC),TSH,VA,and VD were *** The median UIC of total and lactating participants were 142.00µg/L and 139.95µg/L,*** median TSH,VA,and VD levels in all the participants were 1.89 mIU/L,0.44μg/mL,and 24.04 ng/mL,*** differences in the UIC were found between lactating and non-lactating *** and TSH levels were significantly different among the three *** rural UIC was higher than the urban *** mothers had a higher UIC and a higher prevalence of excessive *** UICs and TSHs levels were observed in both the VD deficiency and insufficiency groups than in the VD-sufficient *** adjustment,no linear correlation was observed between UIC and VA/*** interaction was found between vitamins A/D and UIC on TSH *** The mothers in the present study had no iodine ***,area type,BMI,and VD may be related to the iodine status or TSH levels.

关键词： Median urinary iodine concentration Thyroid-stimulating hormone Vitamin A Vitamin D Postpartum women

Oral everolimus inhibits intimal proliferation in injured carotid artery in rats

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Chinese Medical Journal 2013年第10期126卷 1906-1912页

作者： WAng Xiao-fang SHEn De-liang ZHAO Xiao-yan n1ng Hong-jie FEng Ri-sheng ZHAng Jin-ying Department of Cardiology First Affiliated Hospital College ofMedicine Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan 450052 China

Background Everolimus, a derivative of sirolimus, is a potent immunosuppressant that has important anti-proliferative properties. In the present study, we demonstrated the inhibiting neointimal hyperplasia in injured carotid arteries in rats by using two different doses of everolimus administrated via the oral route for a long time. Methods A rat model of carotid artery injury was established by balloon inflation. Eighty rats were randomly divided into the sham-operated group （n=20）, injury group （n=20）, low dosage of everolimus group （n=20）, and high dosage of everolimus group （n=20）. The low close of everolimus （1.5 mg/kg） was given one day before injuring the carotid artery by balloon, followed by 0.75 mg/kg per day for 28 days via intragastric gavage. High dose everolimus （2.5 mg/kg） was given one day before injuring the carotid artery by balloon, followed by 1 mg/kg per day for 28 days. Expression of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E （elF-4E） and phosphorylation of ribosomal proteinS6 kinase 1 （P70S6K） were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analysis. Results In the injured carotid artery, neointimal hyperplasia was normally observed four weeks after injury. Everolimus inhibited neointimal hyperplasia after balloon injury in a dose dependent manner. At the same time, the study demonstrated that everolimus reduced the expression of P-P70S6K, elF-4E, transforming growth factor （TGF）-131 and of proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCnA）. Conclusions Everolimus significantly inhibited neointimal hyperplasia of the injured carotid artery. The effect depended on dosaqe and was associated with the reduction of phosphorylation of P70S6K and the elF-4E expression level.

关键词： everolimus ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E