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solution‑Processed Thin Film Transparent Photovoltaics:Present Challenges and Future Development

nano-micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 566-600页

作者： Tianle Liu munerah m.s.Almutairi Jie ma Aisling stewart Zhaohui Xing mengxia Liu Bo Hou Yuljae Cho Um-sJTU Joint Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China school of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff UniversityCardiff CF243AAWalesUK Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06511USA Energy sciences Institute Yale UniversityWest HavenCT 06516USA Future Photovoltaics Research Center Global Institute of Future TechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China

Electrical energy is essential for modern society to sustain economic *** soaring demand for the electrical energy,together with an awareness of the environmental impact of fossil fuels,has been driving a shift towards the utilization of solar ***,traditional solar energy solutions often require extensive spaces for a panel installation,limiting their practicality in a dense urban *** overcome the spatial constraint,researchers have developed transparent photovoltaics(TPV),enabling windows and facades in vehicles and buildings to generate electric *** TPV advancements are focused on improving both transparency and power output to rival commercially available silicon solar *** this review,we first briefly introduce wavelength-and non-wavelengthselective strategies to achieve *** of merit and theoretical limits of TPVs are discussed to comprehensively understand the status of current TPV *** we highlight recent progress in different types of TPVs,with a particular focus on solution-processed thin-film photovoltaics(PVs),including colloidal quantum dot PVs,metal halide perovskite PVs and organic *** applications of TPVs are also reviewed,with emphasis on agrivoltaics,smart windows and ***,current challenges and future opportunities in TPV research are pointed out.

关键词： Transparent semiconductors solution-processable transparent solar cell Emerging solar cell materials Buildingintegrated photovoltaics

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metal Contamination in nullah Dek Water and Accumulation in Rice

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Pedosphere 2007年第1期17卷 130-136页

作者： m.sARFRAZ s.m.mEHDI G.hassan s.T.ABBAs Plant nutrition Division Soil Salinity Research InstitutePindi Bhattian(Pakistan) Crop sciences Institute National Agricultural Research Centre(NARC)Islamabad (Pakistan)

A research study was carried out to determine the electrical conductivity （EC）, residual sodium carbonate （RsC）, sodium adsorption ratio （sAR）, pH and metals in metal-polluted irrigation water from a nullah and those in soils over a period of time, and the effect of metals on rice yield and metal concentrations in rice grain and straw. Two sites （I and If） were selected on the bank of nullah Dek at Thatta Wasiran in sheikhupura District （Pakistan）, with two rice varieties, super Basmati and Basmati 385, at both sites. Water samples were collected during rice crop growth at 15-day intervals from August 3 to november 1, 2002. The results showed that nullah Dek water had an EC 〉1.0 ds m^-1 and RsC of 2.78-4.11 mmolc L^-1, which was hazardous for crops, but the sAR was within the safe limit. Cu, mn Cd and sr were also within safe limits. The soil analysis showed that site Ⅱ was free from salinity/sodicity, whereas site Ⅰ was saline sodic. Among metals, Zn was sometimes deficient, Cu, mn and Fe were adequate, and st, ni and Cd were within safe limits in the soil at both the sites. After the rice crop harvest, concentrations of all metals tested were usually slightly increased, being higher in the upper soil layer than the lower. In addition, Basmati 385 produced higher rice grain and straw yield than super Basmati. Chemical analysis of rice grain indicated the presence of Zn, Cu, Fe, mn, Pb and sr, whereas rice straw contained Zn, Cu, Fe, mn and sr, with Cd and ni both being found in minute quantities.

关键词： contaminated water metal accumulation rice salinity and sodicity

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sex differences in aging and injured brain

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2901-2902页

作者： Jordan n.Williamson Yuan Yang University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Grainger College of EngineeringDepartment of BioengineeringUrbanaILUSA Carle Foundation Hospital Stephenson Family Clinical Research InstituteClinical Imaging Research CenterUrbanaILUSA University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and TechnologyUrbanaILUSA northwestern University Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement SciencesChicagoILUSA

Background:The prevalence,age of onset,and symptomatology of traumatic brain injury,stroke,and neurodegenerative diseases(such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD),Parkinson’s disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and Huntington’s disease)differ substantially between males and *** higher prevalence of these brain disorders has been attributed to females having a greater longevity compared with *** one of the greatest risk factors of acquired brain injury(such as stroke,traumatic brain injury caused by fall)and neurodegenerative disease is age.

关键词： Huntington prevalence traumatic

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Effect of CuO Addition on the sintering Behavior and Electrical Conductivity of 3Y-TZP

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Journal of materials science & Technology 2007年第1期23卷 131-134页

作者： Ahmed A.hassan Omar Abdelal A. s.m.EL-Hout Dept. of metallurgy Nuclear Research CenterAtomic Energy AuthorityCairoEgypt

Yttria stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals （3Y-TZP） doped with CuO was prepared, to get two compositions, 0.3 and 1 mole fraction CuO, respectively. The dilatometric study of the samples showed sintering to be improved for the samples doped with 0.3 mole fraction CuO, and to be deteriorated for the samples doped with 1 mole fraction CuO. The 1 mole fraction CuO doped 3Y-TZP showed higher tetragonal/monoclinic phase transformation which was accompanied by grain growth. The electrical conductivity decreased with the addition of CuO.

关键词： Y2O3 sintering aids Electrical conductivity Fuel cells

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Kumaraswamy Inverted Topp–Leone Distribution with Applications to COVID-19 Data

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Computers, materials & Continua 2021年第7期68卷 337-358页

作者： Amal s.hassan Ehab m.Almetwally Gamal m.Ibrahim Faculty of Graduate studies for statistical Research Cairo UniversityGiza12613Egypt Faculty of Business Administration Delta University of Science and TechnologyMansoura35511Egypt High Institute for management sciences Belqas35511Egypt

In this paper, an attempt is made to discover the distributionof COVID-19 spread in different countries such as;saudi Arabia, Italy,Argentina and Angola by specifying an optimal statistical distribution for analyzing the mortality rate of COVID-19. A new generalization of the recentlyinverted Topp Leone distribution, called Kumaraswamy inverted Topp–Leonedistribution, is proposed by combining the Kumaraswamy-G family and theinverted Topp–Leone distribution. We initially provide a linear representationof its density function. We give some of its structure properties, such as quantile function, median, moments, incomplete moments, Lorenz and Bonferronicurves, entropies measures and stress-strength reliability. Then, Bayesian andmaximum likelihood estimators for parameters of the Kumaraswamy invertedTopp–Leone distribution under Type-II censored sample are *** estimator is regarded using symmetric and asymmetric loss functions. As analytical solution is too hard, behaviours of estimates have beendone viz monte Carlo simulation study and some reasonable comparisonshave been presented. The outcomes of the simulation study confirmed theefficiencies of obtained estimates as well as yielded the superiority of Bayesianestimate under adequate priors compared to the maximum likelihood *** to COVID-19 in some countries showed that the new distributionis more appropriate than some other competitive models.

关键词： Kumaraswamy-G family maximum likelihood Bayesian method COVID-19 moments quantile function stress-strength reliability

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Ion-Acoustic Rogue Waves in multi-ion Plasmas

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2019年第8期71卷 1017-1023页

作者： m.hassan m.H.Rahman n.A.Chowdhury A.mannan A.A.mamun Department of Physics Jahangirnagar University Savar Dhaka-1342 Bangladesh Wazed miah science Research Center Jahangirnagar University Savar Dhaka-1342 Bangladesh Institut fur mathematik Martin Luther Universitat Halle-Wittenberg Halle Germany

The basic properties of nonlinear ion-acoustic(IA) waves(IAWs), particularly finite amplitude IA rogue waves(IARWs) in a plasma medium(containing pair ions, iso-thermal positrons, and non-thermal electrons) are theoretically investigated by deriving the nonlinear schr¨odinger equation(nLsE).The criteria for the modulational instability of IAWs, and the basic features of finite amplitude IARWs are *** modulationally stable and unstable regions are determined by the sign of the ratio of the dispersive coefficient to the nonlinear coefficient of *** latter is analyzed to obtain the region for the existence of the IARWs, which corresponds to the unstable *** shape of the profile of the rogue waves depends on the non-thermal parameter α and the ratio of electron temperature to positron *** is found that the increase in the value of the non-thermal parameter enhances both the amplitude and width of IARWs, and that the enhancement of electron(positron) temperature reduces(enhances) the amplitude and width of *** is worth to mention that our present investigation may be useful for understanding the salient features of IARWs in space(viz., upper region of Titan’s atmosphere, cometary comae, and Earth’s ionosphere, etc.)and laboratory(viz., plasma processing reactor and neutral beam sources, etc.) plasmas.

关键词： pair ions modulational instability rogue waves

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Contact stress Distribution of a Pear Cam Profile with Roller Follower mechanism

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Chinese Journal of mechanical Engineering 2021年第1期34卷 266-279页

作者： Louay s.Yousuf nabil hassan Hadi Department of mechanical Engineering San Diego State University5500 Campanile DriveSan DiegoCA 92182-1323USA Aeron autical Fngineering Department College of FngineeringUniversity of BaghdadBaghdadIraq

The problem of this paper is the high contact stress at the point of contact between the cam and the follower.A pear cam and roller follower mechanism were studied and analyzed for different position of the follower and different contact compression *** objective of this paper is to study the effect of contact compression load on the contact stress distribution of the cam profile at the point of *** different positions of the follower with the cam was considered(0°,90°,180°,and 270°).The theory of circular plate was applied to derive the analytic solution of the contact *** numerical simulation had been done using AnsYs Ver.19.2 package to determine the contact stress,while solidWorks software was used to investigate follower displacement,velocity,and *** distinct values of the compression contact load,such as 3.121 n,6.242 n,9.364 n,and 12.485 n,were used in the numerical *** the experiment setup,a photo-elastic technique was carried out in the field of polarized light to exhibit the stress distribution on the cam *** annealed Psm-4 backalate material was used in the experiment *** experimental value of contact stress was checked and verified analytically and numerically at the point of *** innovation in this paper the use of spring-damper system which reduce the value of contact stress at the point of *** contact stress was maximum 2.136 mPa when the follower located at 270°with the cam,while the contact stress was minimum 1.802 mPa when the follower located at 180°at compression load 12.485 n.

关键词： Contact stress Compression load Bending deflection Photo-elastic technique Finite element analysis

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Incidence of orbital,conjunctival and lacrimal gland malignant tumors in UsA from surveillance,Epidemiology and End Results,1973-2009

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第12期9卷 1808-1813页

作者： Waleed m.hassan mohamed s.Bakry Housam m.hassan Ahmad s.Alfaar Research Department Children Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357 Badr Hospital Helwan University Ophthalmology Department Charité-Universttsmedizin Berlin

AIm： To determine the types and incidence of tumors affecting the orbit, conjunctiva and lacrimal glands and to study the trend line of these tumors in the United states from 1973 to ***： We used the publicly available surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results （sEER） database registries to determine the incidence rates. Age was adjusted to the 2000 Us standard Population. Patients were stratified according to age group, gender, race and histological grouping of tumor lesions. Three age groups were defined： 0-19, 20-49 and ≥50y. Annual percentage changes were calculated to examine ***： The overall age adjusted incidence rate was 3.39 （95%CI： 3.27-3.52） per million person-years. The tumors were more prevalent in age group ≥50 counting 9.51 （95%CI： 9.11-9.92） per million person-years. most of the soft tissue sarcomas occurred in the young age with incidence rate of 0.35 （95%CI： 0.28-0.42） per million person-years. Lymphomas were the dominant subtype in the adult population with incidence rate of 5.74 （95%CI： 5.43-6.06） per million person-years. Incidence rates were higher in males than females with an overall rate ratio of 1.31 （95%CI： 1.21-1.41） mainly caused by the increase in carcinoma subtypes. White race had a higher tumor incidence with a rate ratio of 1.47（95%CI： 1.25-1.73） driven by the higher incidence of most histological subtypes. Orbital tumors showed a higher incidence rate followed by conjunctival and lacrimal gland tumors with incidence rates of 1.59, 1.37 and 0.43 per million person-years respectively. The trend line of overall incidence of tumors showed a significant increase （APC=3.11, 95%CI： 2.61-3.61） mainly due to increase of lymphomas. This increase was higher than the increase of lymphomas at other ***： Orbital, conjunctival and lacrimal gland malignant tumors differ among children and adults. Over the years there has been a noticeable increase in incidence rates of orbital and lacrimal gland tumors mainly caused

关键词： orbital tumors incidence conjunctiva lacrimal gland

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Targeting harmful effects of non-excitatory amino acids as an alternative therapeutic strategy to reduce ischemic damage

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2454-2463页

作者： Victoria Jiménez Carretero IrisÁlvarez-merz Jorge Hernández-Campano sergei A.Kirov Jesús m.Hernández-Guijo Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic School of MedicineUniv.Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Ramón y Cajal Institute for Health Research(IRYCIs) Neurobiology-Research ServiceHospital Ramón y CajalMadridSpain Institute of neurobiology Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Department of neuroscience and Regenerative medicine&Department of neurosurgery Medical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

The involvement of the excitatory amino acids glutamate and aspartate in ce rebral ischemia and excitotoxicity is ***,the role of non-excitatory amino acids in brain damage following a stroke or brain trauma remains largely *** release of amino acids by necrotic cells in the ischemic core may contribute to the expansion of the *** findings indicated that the reversible loss of field excitato ry postsynaptic potentials caused by transient hypoxia became irreversible when exposed to a mixture of just four non-excitatory amino acids(L-alanine,glycine,L-glutamine,and L-serine)at their plasma *** amino acids induce swelling in the somas of neurons and astrocytes during hypoxia,along with permanent dendritic damage mediated by n-methyl-D-aspartate *** n-methyl-D-aspartate receptors prevented neuronal damage in the presence of these amino acids during *** is likely that astroglial swelling caused by the accumulation of these amino acids via the alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2 exchanger and system n transporters activates volume-regulated anion channels,leading to the release of excitotoxins and subsequent neuronal damage through n-methyl-D-aspartate receptor ***,previously unrecognized mechanisms involving non-excitatory amino acids may contribute to the progression and expansion of brain injury in neurological emergencies such as stroke and traumatic brain *** these pathways co uld highlight new therapeutic targets to mitigate brain injury.

关键词： cell swelling n-methyl-D-aspartate receptor non-excitatory amino acids stroke synaptic transmission

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Can lanthanum doping enhance catalytic performance of silver in direct propylene epoxidation over namoAg/siO_2?

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Journal of Rare Earths 2019年第5期37卷 500-507页

作者： Hany m.Abdel Dayem shar s.Al-shihry salah A.hassan Chemistry Department Faculty of Science Ain Shams University Chemistry Department College of Science King Faisal University

In the attempt to reduce surface free energy of silica to improve interaction of silica with silver, silica was doped by different amounts of low surface energy lanthanum, La_2O_3, through impregnation. The doped and undoped silica were used as supports for preparation of na/Ag/mo/La_2O_3-siO_2 catalysts. Catalytic performances of the catalysts were evaluated in direct epoxidation of propylene(DPO) using molecular oxygen under atmospheric pressure and without adding hydrogen. Adding 5 wt%La to the na/Ag/mo/siO_2 catalyst improves both the catalysts electivity in DPO and its stability over 20h of *** characterization results show that La_2O_3 species interact strongly with silver particles on the silica surface which result in significant improvement in the dispersion profile of silver and marked decrease in the size of silver nanoparticles(AgnPs). The estimated mean diameter of AgnPs is ca. 4.0 nm in na/Ag/mo/5 wt%La_2O_3-siO_2, which is smaller than that(53.9 nm) found in na/Ag/siO_2. The presence of subnanometer AgnPs on Ag/La_2O_3-siO_2 prior addition of moO_3 and naCl to the sample can enhance the mutual electronic synergism between Ag, moO_3 and na for selective production of propylene oxide.

关键词： Direct epoxidation Propylene Gas phase silver subnanometer Lanthanum

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