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Mycorrhizal fungi mitigate nitrogen losses of an experimental grassland by facilitating plant uptake and soil microbial immobilization

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 399-410页

作者： Yangyang JIA Marcel G.A.VAn der HEIJDEn Alain Y.VALZAnO-HELD Markus JOCHER Florian WALder Postdoctoral Mobile Station of Ecology College of Ecology and EnvironmentXinjiang UniversityÜrümqi 830046China Research Group Plant-Soil Interactions AgroscopeZürich 8046Switzerland Research Group Climate and Agriculture AgroscopeZürich 8046Switzerland Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of ZürichZürich 8008Switzerland Research Group Soil Quality and Soil Use AgroscopeZürich 8046Switzerland

nitrogen(n)is one of the most limited nutrients of terrestrial ecosystems,whose losses are prevented in tightly coupled cycles in finely tuned *** change-induced n enrichment through atmospheric deposition and application of vast amounts of fertilizer are now challen.ing the terrestrial n *** mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)are known drivers of plant-soil nutrient fluxes,but a comprehensive assessment of AMF involvement in n cycling under global change is still ***,we simulated n enrichment by fertilization(low/high)in experimental grassland microcosms under greenhouse conditions in the presence or absence of AMF and con.inuously monitored different n pathways over nine *** found that high n enrichment by fertilization decreased the relative abundance of legumes and the plant species dominating the plant community changed from grasses to forbs in the presence of AMF,based on aboveground *** presence of AMF always maintained plant n:phosphorus(P)ratios between 14 and 16,no matter how the soil n availability *** in plant n:P ratios due to the increased plant n and P uptake might thus be a primary pathway of AMF altering plant community ***,we constructed a comprehensive picture of AMF’s role in n cycling,highlighting that AMF reduced n losses primarily by mitigating n leaching,while n_(2)O emissions played a marginal *** mycorrhizal fungi reduced n_(2)O emissions directly through the promotion of n_(2)O-consuming *** underlying mechanism for reducing n leaching is mainly the AMF-mediated improved nutrient uptake and AMF-associated microbial *** results indicate that synergies between AMF and other soil microorganisms cannot be ignored in n cycling and that the integral role of AMF in n cycling terrestrial ecosystems can buffer the upcoming global changes.

关键词： n cycling n enrichment n uptake n:P ratio plant community structure symbiotic soil fungi

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Quantifying source-sink relationships in leaf-color modified rice genotypes during grain filling

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第9期23卷 2923-2940页

作者： Zhenxiang Zhou Paul CStruik Junfei Gu Peter E.L.van der Putten Zhiqin Wang Jianchang Yang Xinyou Yin Centre for Crop Systems Analysis Department of Plant SciencesWageningen University&ResearchWageningen 6700 AKThe Netherlands College of Agriculture Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

Leaf-color modification can affect canopy photosynthesis,with potential effects on rice yield and yield *** source-sink relationships through crop management is often used to improve crop *** study investigated whether and how modifying leaf color alters source-sink relationships and whether current crop cultivation practices remain applicable for leaf-color modified *** collected data of total biomass and nitrogen(n)accumulation.in rice genotypes of four genetic backgrounds and their leaf-color modified variants(greener or yellower)were analyzed,using a recently established modelling method to quantify the source-sink(im)balance during grain *** all leaf-color variants,only one yellower-leaf variant showed a higher source capacity than its normal *** was associated with greater post-flowering n-uptake that prolonged the functional leaf-n duration,and this greater post-flowering n-uptake was possible because of reduced pre-flowering n-uptake.A density experiment showed that current management practices(insufficient plan.ing density accompanied by abundant n application)are unsuitable for the yellower-leaf genotype,ultimately limiting its yield ***-color modification affects source-sink relationships by regulating the n trade-off between pre-and post-flowering uptake,as well as n translocation between source and sink *** best exploit leaf-color modification for improving crop productivity,adjustments of crop management practices are required.

关键词： source-sink relationship biomass nitrogen Oryza sativa leaf-color modification

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Two-dimensional magnetic materials for spintronic applications

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nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 743-762页

作者： Shivam n.Kajale Jad Hanna Kyuho Jang Deblina Sarkar MIT Media Lab Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Department of Information Technology and Electrical En.ineering ETH ZürichZürich8092Switzerland

Spintronic devices are driving new paradigms of bio-inspired,energy efficient computation like neuromorphic stochastic computing and in-memory *** have also emerged as key candidates for non-volatile memories for embedded systems as well as alternatives to persistent *** meet the growing demands from such diverse applications,there is need for innovation.in materials and device designs which can be scaled and adapted according to the ***-dimensional(2D)magnetic materials address challenges facing bulk magnet systems by offering scalability while maintaining device integrity and allowing efficient control of *** this review,we highlight the progress made in experimental studies on 2D magnetic materials towards their integration.into spintronic *** provide an account of the various relevant material discoveries,demonstrations of current and voltage-based control of magnetism and reported device systems,while also discussing the challenges and opportunities towards integration of 2D magnetic materials in commercial spintronic devices.

关键词： spintronics van der Waals magnetic tunnel junction(MTJ) spin-orbit torque magnetism

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Littoral landforms of Lake Hulun and Lake Buir(China and Mongolia):Wind-driven hydro-sedimentary dynamics and resulting clastics distribution

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第2期13卷 309-326页

作者： Li Wang Mathieu Schuster Shi-Wei Xin Florin Zainescu Xin-Yu Xue Joep Storms Jan-Hendrik May Alexis nutz Helena van der Vegt Guilherme Bozetti Zai-Xing Jiang School of Energy Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing100083China Universite de Strasbourg CNRSENGEESInstitut Terre et Environnement de StrasbourgUMR 70635 Rue DescartesStrasbourgFrance Tamsag Mongolia(XIX)Ltd. PetroChinaDaqing 163000China CEREGE Aix-Marseille UniversitéCNESIRDCollege de FranceINRAAix en ProvenceFrance School of Marine Science Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519083China Delft University of Technology Department of Geoscience and EngineeringDelfthe Netherlands School of Geography Earth and Atmospheric SciencesUniversity of Melbourne253 Elgin St.CarltonVIC 3053Australia Deltares Delfthe Netherlands SCMF Faculty of GeographyUniversity of Bucharest1 N.Balcescu Blv.BucharestRomania

Two rectangular-shaped lakes,Lake Hulun and Lake Buir,located at the boundary between China and Mongolia,only c.75 km apart and therefore experien.ing similar wind fields,have been studied based on satellite images and field surveys in order to compare their geomorphological and sedimentological *** wind-driven hydrodynamics,which have a significant effect on the development of littoral landforms and on sediment distribution,have been discussed for the two similar lakes that experienced a prevailing wind perpendicular to their long axis.A conceptual model related to wind-driven water bodies and sediment distribution is ***-influenced to wave-dominated deltas,beaches,spits,and eolian dune deposits develop around these two lakes,with a strikingly similar distribution *** features locally inform the longshore drift and help reconstruct the water circulation.induced by wind *** the nW prevailing wind regime,the spits developed on the SW coast with a nW—SE extension,which was influenced by the nW—SE longshore *** same influence was observed in the delta extension.in the nE *** differences lie in the presence of fan deltas in the nW region of Lake Hulun,but not in Lake ***,the width of the beach and eolian deposits on the down.ind coast of Lake Hulun is three times greater than that of Lake Buir which were caused by the differences in sediment supply and wind fetch between the two *** Hulun and Lake Buir provide two reliable examples to understand the relationship among the wind field,provenance,hydrodynamics,landforms,and asymmetrical distribution of clastics in elongated *** also represent relevant modern analogs,which may also be of guiding significance to wind-driven sand body prediction.in lacustrine basins.

关键词： Wind-driven lakes Fetch Sedimentary facies Hydrodynamics Geomorphology Spits Shoreline Lake Hulun Lake Buir

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Enabling low-cost decentralized power reserves adopting carbon dioxide for green methane exchange in stabilized clathrate adsorbent

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第10期97卷 438-443页

作者： Lucas Hanssens Maarten Houlleberghs C.Vinod Chandran Geert Watson Sambhu Radhakrishnan Pascal Van der Voort Joeri F.M.Denayer Christine E.A.Kirschhock Johan A.Martens Eric Breynaert Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis-Characterization and Application Team (COK-KAT) nMR/X-Ray Platform for Convergence Research (nMRCoRe) Centre for Ordered Materials Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC) Department of Chemistry Ghent University Department of Chemical En.ineering Vrije Universiteit Brussel

*** circular methane energy systems In recent decades,methane-based energy systems have rapidly gained traction across the globe because of the increasing availability of low-cost methane production ***,fossil methane... 详细信息

关键词： Long duration energy storage Green methane Carbon neutrality Con.ined clathrate hydrates CH4 /CO2 exchange Direct gas exchange EnERGY-STORAGE COn.inED nAnOSPACE TO-METHAnE GAS MECHAnISMS ADSORPTIOn HYDROGEn

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Clinical-based phenotypes in children with pediatric post-COVID-19 condition

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第7期20卷 682-691页

作者： Lieke C.E.noij Jelle M.Blankestijn Coen R.Lap Marlies A.van Houten Giske Biesbroek Anke-Hilse Maitland-van der Zee Mahmoud I.Abdel-Aziz Johannes B.van Goudoever Mattijs W.Alsem Caroline L.H.Brackel Kim J.Oostrom Simone Hashimoto Suzanne W.J.Terheggen-Lagro Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergy Amsterdam UMCLocation AMCEmma Children’s HospitalAmsterdam University Medical CenterRoom G2-222Meibergdreef 91105AZAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Pulmonary Medicine Amsterdam UMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Pediatrics Spaarne GasthuisHoofddorpThe Netherlands Department of Pediatrics Emma Children’s HospitalAmsterdam University Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Amsterdam Movement SciencesMeibergdreef 9AmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Paediatric Pulmonology Department of PaediatricsTergooi MCHilversumThe Netherlands Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychosocial Care Amsterdam UMCAmsterdam Reproduction and DevelopmentAmsterdamThe Netherlands

Background Pediatric post coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)condition(PPCC)is a heterogeneous syndrome,which can significantly affect the daily lives of *** study aimed to identify clinically meaningful phenotypes in children with PPCC,to better characterize and treat this *** Participants were children with physician-diagnosed PPCC,referred to the academic hospital Amsterdam UMC in the netherlands between november 2021 and March *** factors and information on post-COVID symptoms,comorbidities,and impact on daily life were *** clusters were identified using an unsupervised and unbiased approach for mixed data *** Analysis of 111 patients(aged 3–18 years)revealed three distinct clusters within *** 1(n=62,median age=15 years)predominantly consisted of girls(74.2%).These patients suffered relatively more from exercise intolerance,dyspnea,and smell *** 2(n=33,median age=13 years)contained patients with an even gender distribution(51.5%girls).They suffered from relatively more sleep problems,memory loss,gastrointestinal symptoms,and *** 3(n=16,median age=11 years)had a higher proportion of boys(75.0%),suffered relatively more from fever,had significantly fewer symptoms(median of 5 symptoms compared to 8 and 10 for clusters 1 and 2 respectively),and experienced a lower impact on daily *** This study identified three distinct clinical PPCC phenotypes,with variations in sex,age,symptom patterns,and impact on daily *** fin.ings highlight the need for further research to understand the potentially diverse underlying mechanisms contributing to post-COVID symptoms in children.

关键词： Adolescents Clusters Long COVID Pediatric Phenotypes Post-COVID syndrome

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Covalent organic framework/carbon black/molecularly imprinted polydopamine composites for the selective recognition and electrochemical detection of ciprofloxacin

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Yufeng Sun Yongfeng Chen Xiaomin Pang Geoffrey I.n.Waterhouse Xuguang Qiao Zhixiang Xu Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province， College of Food Science and En.ineering， Shandong Agricultural University School of Chemical Sciences， The University of Auckland

In this work， a novel electrochemical sensor based on covalent organic framework@carbon black@molecularly imprinted polydopamine （COF@CB@MPDA） was developed for selective recognition and determination of ciprofloxacin （CF）. COF@CB@MPDA possessed good water dispersibility and was synthesized by the self-polymerization of dopamine under alkaline conditions in the presence of the COF， CB and CF. The high surface area COF enhanced the adsorption of CF， whilst CB gave the composites high electrical conductivity to improve the sensitivity of the proposed COF@CB@MPDA/GCE sensor. The specific recognition of CF by COF@CB@MPDA involved hydrogen bon.ing and van der Waals interactions. Under optimized conditions， the sensor showed a good linear relationship with CF concentration over the range 5.0 × 10-7mol/L and 1.0 × 10-4mol/L， with a limit of detection （LOD） of 9.53 × 10-8mol/L. Further， the developed sensor exhibited high selectivity， repeatability and stability for CF detection.in milk and milk powders. The method used to fabricate the COF@CB@MPDA/GCE sensor could be easily adapted for the selective recognition and detection of other antibacterial agents and organic pollutants in the environment.

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Facile synthesis of magnetic covalent organic framework nanocomposites for the enrichment and quantification of trace organophosphorus pesticides in fruit juice

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Quan.in Fu Xin Sun Lu Liu Hailong Jiang Geoffrey I.n.Waterhouse Shiyun Ai Rusong Zhao School of Chemical Sciences， The University of Auckland College of Chemistry and Material Science， Shandong Agricultural University Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)， Shandong Analysis and Test Center， Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province College of Food Science and En.ineering， Shandong Agricultural University

Organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) in foods pose a serious threat to human health， motivating the development of novel analytical methods for their rapid detection and quantification. A magnetic covalent organic framework (M-COF) adsorbent for the magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) of OPPs from foods was reported. M-COF was synthesized by the Schiff base condensation reaction of 1，3，5-tris (4-aminophenyl)benzene and 4，4-biphenyldicarboxaldehyde on the surface of amino-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles. Density–functional theory (DFT) calculations showed that adsorption of OPPs onto the surface of M-COF involved hydrophobic effects， Van der Waals interactions， π–π interactions， halogen-n bon.ing， and hydrogen bon.ing. Combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) technology， the MSPE method features low limits of detection for OPPs (0.002–0.015 μg/L)， good reproducibility (1.45%–6.14%)， wide linear detection range (0.01–1 μg/L， R≥ 0.9935)， and satisfactory recoveries (87.3%–110.4%). The method was successfully applied for the trace analysis of OPPs in spiked fruit juices.

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Delamination Testing of AlSi10Mg Sandwich Structures with Pyramidal Lattice Truss Core made by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical En.ineering 2021年第6期34卷 51-62页

作者： M.nuño J.Bühring M.n.Rao K.-U.Schröder Institute of Structural Mechanics and Lightweight Design RWTH Aachen UniversityWüllnerstraβe 752072 AachenGermany

Sandwich structures possess a high ben.ing stiffness compared to monolithic structures with a similar *** makes them very suitable for lightweight applications,where high stiffness to weight ratios are *** common manufacturing methods of sandwich structures involve adhesive bon.ing of the core material with the ***,adhesive bon.ing is prone to delamination,a failure mode that is often difficult to *** paper presents the results of delamination testing of fully additive manufactured(AM)AlSi10Mg sandwich structures with pyramidal lattice truss core using Laser Powder Bed Fusion(LPBF).The faces and struts are 0.5 mm thick,while the core is 2 mm *** inclination of the struts is 45°.To characterise the bon.ing strength,climbing drum peel tests and out-of-plane tensile tests are *** formulas are derived to predict the expected failure loads and *** analytics and tests are supported by finite element(FE)*** the analytic approach,design guidelines to avoid delamination.in AM sandwich structures are *** study presents a critical face sheet thickness to strut diameter ratio for which the structure can *** ratio is mainly influenced by the inclination of the *** peel tests resulted in face yielding,which can also be inferred from the analytics and *** out-of-plane tensile tests didn’t damage the structure.

关键词： Additive Manufacturing Sandwich Structures Pyramidal Lattice Core

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Efficient DnA-assisted synthesis of trans-membrane gold nanowires

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Microsystems & nanoen.ineering 2018年第1期4卷 490-497页

作者： Maoxiang Guo Iván Hernández-neuta narayanan Madaboosi Mats nilsson Wouter van der Wijngaart Department of Micro and nanosystems KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyOsquldas väg 10Stockholm 10044Sweden Science for Life Laboratory Department of Biochemistry and BiophysicsStockholm UniversityTomtebodavägen 23 ASolna SE-17165Sweden

Whereas electric circuits and surface-based(bio)chemical sensors are mostly constructed in-plane due to ease of manufacturing,3D microscale and nanoscale structures allow denser integration of electronic components and improved mass transport of the analyte to(bio)chemical sensor *** work reports the first out-of-plane metallic nanowire formation based on stretching of DnA through a porous *** use rolling circle amplification(RCA)to generate long single-stranded DnA concatemers with one end anchored to the *** DnA strands are stretched through the pores in the membrane during liquid removal by forced *** the liquid–air interface movement across the membrane occurs in every pore,DnA stretching across the membrane is highly *** stretched DnA molecules are transformed into trans-membrane gold nanowires through gold nanoparticle hybridization and gold enhancement chemistry.A 50 fM oligonucleotide concentration,a value two orders of magnitude lower than previously reported for flat surface-based nanowire formation,was sufficient for nanowire *** observed nanowires in up to 2.7% of the membrane pores,leading to an across-membrane electrical conductivity reduction from open circuit to nal-to-noise ratio and can also be extended for use as a biosensor due to the high specificity and scope for multiplexing offered by RCA.

关键词： DnA stretching DnA detection gold nanowires nanowire synthesis membrane

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