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Transactions of nonferrous Metals Society of China 2022年第8期32卷 2541-2556页

作者： n.fakhar M.SABBAGHIAn Mechanical Engineering Department Hamedan University of TechnologyHamedanIran School of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran

Dual equal channel lateral extrusion(DECLE)process with various passes followed by sheet extrusion process was performed to produce fine-grained ZK60 alloy *** coarse grain structure of the annealed sample after applying sheet extrusion(size:68μm)changed to fine grains of 6.0 and 5.2μm after 3 and 5 passes of DECLE and following *** hot shear deformation behavior of samples was studied by developing constitutive equations based on shear punch test(SPT)*** was carried out in the temperature range of 200−300℃ and strain rate range of 0.003−0.33 s^(–1).The activation energy of 125−139 kJ/mol and the stress exponent of 3.5−4.2 were calculated for all conditions,which indicated that dislocation creep,controlled by dislocation climb and solute drag mechanism,acted as the main hot deformation *** was concluded that material constants of n and Q are dependent on the microstructural factors such as grain size and second phase particle fraction,and the relationship of which was anticipated using a 3D surface ***,the similar strong basal texture of extruded sheets gave rise to the same deformation mechanisms during SPT and similar n and Q values for ZK60 alloy.

关键词： ZK60 Mg alloy constitutive equation extrusion hot deformation shear punch test metal forming

Significant improvements in mechanical properties of AA5083 aluminum alloy using dual equal channel lateral extrusion

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Transactions of nonferrous Metals Society of China 2016年第12期26卷 3081-3090页

作者： n.fakhar F.FERESHTEH-SAnIEE R.MAHMUDI Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringBu-Ali Sina University School of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of Tehran

Dual equal channel lateral extrusion (DECLE), as a severe plastic deformation (SPD) process, was employed forimproving the mechanical properties of AA5083 aluminum alloy. Several experiments were conducted to study the influences of theroute type, namely A and B, and pass number on mechanical properties of the material. The process was conducted up to 6 passeswith decreasing process temperature, specifically from 573 to 473 K. Supplementary experiments involving metallography, hardnessand tensile tests were carried out in order to evaluate the effects of the process variables. The hardness measurements exhibitedreasonably uniform distributions within the product with a maximum increase of 64% via a 6-pass operation. The yield and ultimatestrengths also amended 107% and 46%, respectively. These significant improvements were attributed to the severe shear deformationof grains and decreasing pass temperature, which intensified the grain refinement. TEM images showed an average grain sizereduction from 100 μm for the annealed billet to 200 nm after 6 passes of DECLE. Finally, the experimental findings for routes A andB were compared and discussed and some important conclusions were drawn.

关键词： AA5083 aluminum alloy severe plastic deformation dual equal channel lateral extrusion hardness homogeneity

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2010年第3期53卷 575-578页

作者： K. fakhar T. Hayat CHEnG Yi n. Amin Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Skudai Johor Malaysia Department of Mathematics Universily of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China

This note looks at the two similarity solutions of the navier-Stokes equations in polar coordinates. In the second solution an initial value problem is reduced into generalized stationary KDV and hence integrable.

关键词： navier Stokes equation symmetry solutions stationary I4DV

Impact of sepsis and non-communicable diseases on prognostic models to predict the outcome of hospitalized chronic liver disease patients

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World Journal of Hepatology 2018年第12期10卷 944-955页

作者： fakhar Ali Qazi Arisar Shahab Abid Preet Ayoub Shaikh Safia Awan Section of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineFaculty Offices Buildingthe Aga Khan University Hospital

AIM To evaluate the impact of sepsis and non-communicable diseases(nCDs) on the outcome of decompensated chronic liver disease(CLD) *** this cross-sectional study, medical records of patients with CLD admitted to the Gastroenterology unit at the Aga Khan University Hospital were *** older than 18 years with decompensation of CLD(i.e., jaundice, ascites,encephalopathy, and/or upper gastrointestinal bleed) as the primary reason for admission were included, while those who were admitted for reasons other than decompensation of CLD were excluded. Each patient was followed for 6 wk after index admission to assess mortality, prolonged hospital stay(> 5 d), and early readmission(within 7 d).RESULTS A total of 399 patients were enrolled. The mean age was 54.3 ± 11.7 years and64.6%(n = 258) were male. Six-week mortality was 13%(n = 52). Prolonged hospital stay and readmission were present in 18%(n = 72) and 7%(n = 28) of patients, respectively. nCDs were found in 47.4%(n = 189) of patients. Acute kidney injury, sepsis, and non-ST elevation myocardial infarction were found in41%(n = 165), 17.5%(n = 70), and 1.75%(n = 7) of patients, respectively. Upon multivariate analysis, acute kidney injury, non-ST elevation myocardial infarction, sepsis, and coagulopathy were found to be statistically significant predictors of mortality. While chronic kidney disease(CKD), low albumin, and high Model for End-Stage Liver Disease(MELD)-na score were found to be statistically significant predictors of morbidity. Addition of sepsis in conventionalMELD score predicted mortality even better than MELD-na(area under receiver operating characteristic: 0.735 vs 0.686; P ng nCDs, CKD was found to increase morbidity *** Addition of sepsis improved the predictability of MELD score as a prognostic marker for mortality in patients with CLD. Presence of CKD increases the morbidity of patients with CLD.

关键词： Chronic liver disease Mortality Morbidity Prognostic factors noncommunicable diseases Sepsis

Partial Splenic Artery Embolization in Cirrhosis Is a Safe and Useful Procedure

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第9期8卷 327-336页

作者： fakhar Ali Qazi Arisar Syed Hasnain Ali Shah Tanveer Ul Haq Section of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine The Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi Pakistan Section of Interventional Radiology Department of Radiology The Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi Pakistan

Background: Portal Hypertension is a common complication of cirrhosis. It leads to splenomegaly which manifests with features of hypersplenism. This results in leucopenia which increases the likelihood of sepsis and prevents treatment with interferon. Thrombocytopenia increases the risk of bleeding including variceal bleeds which make the anemia worse. This study was done to determine the usefulness and safety of partial splenic artery embolization (PSAE) in portal hypertension due to cirrhosis. Methods: Patients with PSAE were identified by using International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 coding from medical records and their charts were reviewed retrospectively. 25 patients underwent splenic artery embolization at The Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi from november 2000 to December 2016. 18 patients who underwent PSAE for disabling hypersplenism caused by cirrhosis were included. Patients who were under 18 year of age, or in whom PSAE were performed for reasons other than cirrhosis and those with missing records/incomplete data were excluded (n = 7). Information was collected regarding demographic details, procedure indications, nature, technique, clinical efficacy, repeat embolization and complications along with laboratory and radiological investigations. Results: Eighteen patients of cirrhosis with a mean age of 43.47 ± 10.926 years, of which 14 were males, underwent PSAE (19 procedures). Indications were severe hypersplenism which precluded treatment with interferon and ribavirin (n = 8) and recurrent Gastro-oesophageal variceal (GOV) bleeds due to advanced Child-Pugh grade and thrombocytopenia (n = 10). Hematological parameters improved significantly following PSAE. Three out of eight patients successfully completed interferon + ribavirin treatment for hepatitis C (HCV) infection post PSAE, and GOV bleeds stopped in eight out of 10 patients. Complications included mild Left upper quadrant (LUQ) abdominal pain n = 9 (47.3%), post-embolization syndrom

关键词： Partial Splenic Artery Embolization Chronic Liver Disease Cirrhosis Hyper-splenism Safety Outcome

Divergent trajectories of lean vs obese non-alcoholic steatohepatitis patients from listing to post-transplant:A retrospective cohort study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第26期28卷 3218-3231页

作者： fakhar Ali Qazi-Arisar Raj Uchila Catherine Chen Cathy Yang Shi-Yi Chen Ravikiran Sindhuvalada Karnam Amirhossein Azhie Wei Xu Zita Galvin nazia Selzner Leslie Lilly Mamatha Bhat Ajmera Transplant Program Toronto General HospitalUniversity Health NetworkToronto M5G 2N2OntarioCanada Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineUniversity of TorontoToronto M5G 2N2OntarioCanada national Institute of Liver and GI Diseases Dow University of Health SciencesKarachi 75330Pakistan Department of Biostatistics Princess Margaret Cancer CenterUniversity Health NetworkToronto M5G 2C1OntarioCanada Division of Biostatistics Dalla Lana School of Public HealthUniversity of TorontoToronto M5G 2C1OntarioCanada

BACKGROUnD non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(nASH)cirrhosis is the second most common indication for liver transplantation(LT).The role of body mass index(BMI)on outcomes of nASH cirrhosis has been *** To compare the longitudinal trajectories of patients with lean vs obese nASH cirrhosis,from listing up to post-transplant,having adjusted their BMI for *** We retrospectively reviewed all adult nASH patients listed for LT in our program from 2012 to ***-Gray Competing Risk analyses and Cox Proportional-Hazard Models were performed to examine the cumulative incidence of transplant and survival outcomes *** Out of 265 nASH cirrhosis listed patients,176 were *** age was 61.0 years;46%were females.111 patients underwent *** robust patients had better waitlist survival[hazard ratio(HR):0.12;95%CI:0.05–0.29,Pnstantaneous rate of transplant(HR:5.71;95%CI:1.26–25.9,P=0.02).Lean nASH patients had a substantially higher risk of graft loss within 90 d post-LT(1.2%vs 13.8%,P=0.032)and death post-LT(2.4%vs 17.2%,P=0.029).1-3-and 5-year graft survival was poor for lean nASH(78.6%,77.3%and 41.7%vs 98.6%,96%and 85%respectively).Overall patient survival post-LT was significantly worse in lean nASH(HR:0.17;95%CI:0.03–0.86,P=0.0142)with 83%lower instantaneous rate of death in obese *** Although lean nASH is considered to be more benign than obese nASH,our study suggests a paradoxical correlation of lean nASH with waitlist outcomes,and graft and patient survival post-LT.

关键词： Outcomes Frailty Waitlist Liver transplant Survival

Changes in Serum Lipid Profile among Patients Suffering from Chronic Liver Disease Secondary to Hepatitis C

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第11期6卷 333-342页

作者： fakhar Ali Qazi Arisar Shameem Behram Khan Anam Umar noor ul Saba Shaikh Fizza Choudhry Departement of Medicine Section of Gastroenterology The Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi Pakistan Departement of Medicine Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre Karachi Pakistan

Objective: To find out the changes in lipid metabolism among patients suffering from chronic liver disease secondary to hepatitis C. Study Design: Hospital based observational study. Setting: Medical Unit-I, Ward–5, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi. Duration: July 2013 to December 2013. Patients and Methods: About 110 patients admitted in Medical Unit-I with a diagnosis of chronic liver disease were included in the study. Patients suffering from DM, HTn, CKD were excluded from the study. Fasting lipid profile was done in all cases. Results and Observations: There were 44 (40%) male and 66 (60%) female patients. Mean age of the patients was 50.18 (±11.7) years. Total cholesterol was decreased in 76 (69.09%) patients. normal range was present in 34 (30.91%) patients. none of the patient had hypercholesterolemia. Serum triglyceride levels were low in 14 (12.72%) patients, normal in 82 (74.54%), borderline high in 7 (6.36%) and hypertriglyceridemia was seen in 7 (6.36%). HDL-c was below normal in 26 (23.63%) cases, normal in 78 (70.91%), and high in 6 (5.45%). LDL was near optimal/above optimal in only 5 (4.5%) patients. Mean TC/HDL ratio was 2.53 (±1.02). Mean LDL/HDL ratio was 1.23 (±0.73). Mean TC of HCV +ve patients was 130.5 mg/dl as compared to that of HCV –ve patients which was 82.85 mg/dl (P-value: 0.011). Mean TGs of HCV +ve group was 151.5 mg/dl while that of HCV –ve was 79.9 mg/dl (P-value: 0.025). Mean HDL & LDL levels were 43.67 mg/dl and 39.78 mg/dl in HCV group while 34.83 mg/dl & 64.67 mg/dl in the other group with P-value of 0.026 and 0.081 respectively. Conclusion: When it comes to its relationship with lipid metabolism, HCV is a remarkable virus. Its interaction with lipoproteins and its ability to induce massive steatosis are quite unique and idiosyncratic. Despite of causing hepatic steatosis, chronic HCV infection is associated with a paradoxically favorable lipid profile, although its reason cannot be enlightened precisely. There is a n

关键词： Dyslipidemia Hepatitis C Chronic Liver Disease

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牦牛囊尾蚴病的临床诊断

中国奶牛 2021年第11期 32-35页

作者：曾智博龚赛赛巴桑旺堆索朗斯珠包玉花曹永强 Muhammad fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar 李家奎华中农业大学动物科技动物医学学院武汉430070 西藏自治区农牧科学院畜牧兽医研究所拉萨850000 西藏农牧学院动物科学学院林芝860000 西藏自治区生物药品制造厂拉萨850003 国家肉牛牦牛产业技术体系随州试验站/随县畜牧技术推广站随州441300

本试验采用临床症状检查、病理剖检、组织病理学、PCR扩增以及16S RnA测序等方法对4头患病死亡牦牛进行了研究。结果表明,牦牛具体死因是囊尾蚴感染,说明当地有交叉感染的安全隐患,需要进行有效的监管从而防止公共卫生事件的发生。

关键词：囊尾蚴人畜共患牦牛公共卫生