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International Journal of Digital Earth 2008年第4期1卷 347-366页

作者： n.M.Saadi E.Aboud H.Saibi K.watanabe Laboratory of Economic Geology Faculty of EngineeringKyushu University744 MotookaFukuoka 819-0395Japan national Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics CairoEgypt Laboratory of Geothermics Faculty of EngineeringKyushu University744 MotookaNishi-kuFukuoka 819-0395Japan

The present work deals with the integration of remote-sensing,surface-geology and gravity-survey data to improve the structural knowledge of the Tarhunah area,northwest *** information and remote-sensing data provided information about the surface structure.A gravity survey was conducted to decipher the subsurface *** results revealed that a basin having a width of 39 to 48 km trends nE.A two-dimensional(2-D)schematic model shows that the basin gradually deepens toward the *** determined from a horizontal gradient,tilt derivative,and Euler deconvolution show a depth range of 2.5 to 7.5 *** integration and interpretation of the results indicate that volcanic activity was related to the tectonic activity of an anticlinal structure called the Jabal Uplift.

关键词： Libya Tarhunah area remote sensing gravity integration

Impact of device resistances in the performance of graphene-based terahertz photodetectors

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2024年第2期 89-99页

作者： óscar Castelló Sofía M.López Baptista Kenji watanabe Takashi Taniguchi Enrique Diez Jesús Enrique Velázquez-Pérez Yahya M.Meziani José M.Caridad Juan A.Delgado-notario Department of Applied Physics University of Salamanca Unidad de Excelencia en Luz y Materia Estructurada(LUMES) University of Salamanca Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials National Institute for Materials Science Research Center for Materials nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science nanotechnology Group USAL–Nanolab University of Salamanca

In recent years, graphene field-effect-transistors(GFETs) have demonstrated an outstanding potential for terahertz(THz) photodetection due to their fast response and high-sensitivity. Such features are essential to enable emerging THz applications, including 6G wireless communications, quantum information, bioimaging and security. However, the overall performance of these photodetectors may be utterly compromised by the impact of internal resistances presented in the device, so-called access or parasitic resistances. In this work, we provide a detailed study of the influence of internal device resistances in the photoresponse of high-mobility dual-gate GFET detectors. Such dual-gate architectures allow us to fine tune(decrease) the internal resistance of the device by an order of magnitude and consequently demonstrate an improved responsivity and noise-equivalent-power values of the photodetector, respectively. Our results can be well understood by a series resistance model, as shown by the excellent agreement found between the experimental data and theoretical calculations. These findings are therefore relevant to understand and improve the overall performance of existing high-mobility graphene photodetectors.

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DEVELOPMEnT OF THE RISK-BASED MAInTEnAnCE OPTIMIZATIOn SYSTEM FOR FOSSIL POWER PLAnTS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2004年第4期17卷 381-386页

作者： D.watanabe Y.Chuman n.nishimura H.Matsumoto K.Tominaga F.Sakata T.Kuroishi nagasaki R&D Center Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd. Fukahori-Machi Nagasaki 851-0392 Japan nagasaki Shipyard & Machinery Works Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd. Akunoura-Machi Nagasaki 850-8610 Japan Power Systems Headquarters Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd. Minato-Ku Tokyo 108-8215 Japan

Cost reduction in electric power generation is a major management concern, and it is therefore necessary to reduce maintenance expenses while upholding plant reliability. A maintenance optimization system 'FREEDOM', which uses RBM technique, DCF (discounted cash flow) and nPV (net present value) calculation functions, has been newly developed. This system probabilistically evaluates the lifetime of boiler and turbine and quantitatively calculates the risk defined as the cumulative probability of failure multiplied by the consequence of failure. Economically optimized timing of inspection and alternative countermeasure such as repair and replacement are then recommended. This system has already been applied to seven plants in Japan, and its effectiveness has been confirmed.

关键词： plant asset management risk based maintenance probabilistic life assessment maintenance optimization

Human β-defensin-3 induction in H pylori-infected gastric mucosal tissues

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第36期12卷 5793-5797页

作者： K Kawauchi A Yagihashi n Tsuji n Uehara D Furuya D Kobayashi n.watanabe Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo Japan

AIM: To examine human β-defensin-3 (hBD-3) expression in inflamed gastric mucosal tissues or MKn45 gastric cancer cells with or without H pylori infection for better understanding the innate immune response to H pylori. METHODS: We used reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions and immunohistochemistry to examine hBD-3 expression in inflamed gastric mucosal tissues or MKn45 gastric cancer cells with or without H pylori. Effects of hBD-3 against H pylori were also evaluated. RESULTS: The mean mRnA expression of hBD-3 in H pylori -positive specimens was significantly higher than that in H pylori-negative specimens (P = 0.0002, Mann-Whitney). In addition, unlike uninfected samples, 8 of 15 (53.33%) infected mucosal samples expressed hBD-3 protein. H pylori dose-dependently induced mRnA expression of hBD-3 in MKn45 cells, an effect inhibited by adding anti-toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 antibody. HBD-3 protein completely inhibited H pylori growth. COnCLUSIOn: Our results suggest that like hBD-2, hBD-3 may be involved in the pathophysiology of H pylori-induced gastritis.

关键词： Human β-defensin-2 Human β-defensin-3 Hpylori Gastric mucosa

Three-dimensional radiation dosimetry using polymer gel and solid radiochromic polymer: From basics to clinical applications

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World Journal of Radiology 2017年第3期9卷 112-125页

作者： Yoichi watanabe Leighton Warmington n Gopishankar Department of Radiation Oncology University of Minnesota All India Institutes of Medical Sciences

Accurate dose measurement tools are needed to evaluate the radiation dose delivered to patients by using modern and sophisticated radiation therapy techniques. However, the adequate tools which enable us to directly measure the dose distributions in threedimensional(3D) space are not commonly available. One such 3D dose measurement device is the polymerbased dosimeter, which changes the material property in response to radiation. These are available in the gel form as polymer gel dosimeter(PGD) and ferrous gel dosimeter(FGD) and in the solid form as solid plastic dosimeter(SPD). Those are made of a continuous uniform medium which polymerizes upon irradiation. Hence, the intrinsic spatial resolution of those dosimeters is very high, and it is only limited by the method by which one converts the dose information recorded by the medium to the absorbed dose. The current standard methods of the dose quantification are magnetic resonance imaging, optical computed tomography, and X-ray computed tomography. In particular, magnetic resonance imaging is well established as a method for obtaining clinically relevant dosimetric data by PGD and FGD. Despite the likely possibility of doing 3D dosimetry by PGD, FGD or SPD, the tools are still lacking wider usages for clinical applications. In this review article, we summarize the current status of PGD, FGD, and SPD and discuss the issue faced by these for wider acceptance in radiation oncology clinic and propose some directions for future development.

关键词： Optical computed tomography Threedimensional dose measurement Solid radiochromic polymer Magnetic resonance imaging Polymer gel

General Regulatory Patterns of Plant Mineral nutrient Depletion as Revealed by serat Quadruple Mutants Disturbed in Cysteine Synthesis

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Molecular Plant 2010年第2期3卷 438-466页

作者： Mutsumi watanabe Hans-Michael Hubberten Kazuki Saito Rainer Hoefgen Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan Max-Planck-lnstitut fuer Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie Wissenschaftspark Golm Am Muehlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam-Golm RIKEn Plant Science Center Tsurumi-ku Yokohama 230-0045 Japan

Sulfate is an essential macronutrient for plants. Plants have developed strategies to cope with sulfate deficiency, and other nutrient ion limitations. However, the regulation of these adaptive responses and the coordinating signals that underlie them are still poorly characterized. O-acetylserine （OAS） is a marker metabolite of sulfate starvation and has been speculated to have a signaling function. OAS is synthesized by the enzyme serine acetyltransferase （SERAT）, which is encoded by five distinct genes in Arabidopsis. We investigated quadruple knockout mutants of SERAT that retained only one functional isoform. These mutants displayed symptoms of sulfate starvation. Furthermore, some of them displayed phenotypes typical of prolonged sulfate starvation, in particular, developmental programs associated with senescence or stress responses. Thus, we compared metabolite and transcriptome data from these mutants with n-, P-, K-, and S-depleted plants. This revealed many similarities with general nutrient-depletion-induced senescence （nuDIS）, in- dicating the recruitment of existing regulatory programs for nutrient-starvation responses. Several candidate genes that could be involved in these processes were identified, including transcription factors and other regulatory proteins, as well as the functional categories of their target genes. These results outline components of the regulatory network controlling plant development under sulfate stress, forming a basis for further investigations to elucidate the complete network. In turn, this will advance our broader understanding of plant responses to a range of other nutrient stresses.

关键词： Abiotic/environmental stress ion/metabolite sensing senescence functional genomics Arabidopsis sulfur.

Elevated CO2 offsets the alteration of foliar chemicals(n-icosane,geranyl acetate,and elixene)induced by elevated O3 in three taxa of O3-tolerant eucalypts

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第2期32卷 789-803页

作者： Eka novriyanti Qiaozhi Mao Evgenios Agathokleous Makoto watanabe Yasuyuki Hashidoko Takayoshi Koike Research and Development Institute of Forest Fiber Technology FOERDIAMinistry of Environment and ForestryKotak Pos 4/BKN BangkinangKamparRiau 28411Indonesia Division of Environment and Resources Research Research Faculty of AgricultureHokkaido UniversitySapporoHokkaido 060-8589Japan College of Resources and Environment Southwest UniversityChongqing 400700China Institute of Applied Ecology Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu ProvinceNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044JiangsuChina Institute of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyFuchuTokyo 183-8509Japan Division of Applied Biological Sciences Research Faculty of AgricultureHokkaido Univ.SapporoHokkaido 060-8589Japan Shenzhen Graduate School of Environment and Energy Peking UniversityBeijing 518055China Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100085China

Eucalypts are important forest resources in southwestern China,and may be tolerant to elevated ground-level ozone(O3)concentrations that can negatively affect plant *** CO2 may offset O3-induced effects by providing excess carbon to produce secondary metabolites or by inducing stomatal ***,the effects of elevated CO2 and O3 on leaf secondary metabolites and other defense chemicals were studied by exposing seedlings of Eucalyptus globulus,***,and ***×*** to a factorial combination of two levels of O3(nmol mol^(−1)and 60 nmol mol^(−1))and CO2(ambient:370μmol mol^(−1)and 600μmol mol^(−1))in open-top field ***-profiles of leaf extracts illustrated the effect of elevated O3 and the countering effect of high CO2 on compounds in leaf epicuticular wax and essential oils,i.e.,n-icosane,geranyl acetate and elixene,compounds known as a first-line defense against insect herbivores.n-Icosane may be involved in tolerance mechanisms of *** and the hybrid,while geranyl acetate and elixene in the tolerance of *** O3 and CO2,singly or in combination,affected only leaf physiology but not biomass of various *** CO2 impacted several leaf traits,including stomatal conductance,leaf mass per area,carbon,lignin,n-icosane,geranyl acetate and *** effects of elevated O3 on leaf physiology(nitrogen,n-icosane,geranyl acetate,elixene)were commonly offset by elevated *** conclude that ***,*** and the hybrid were tolerant to these O3 and CO2 treatments,and n-icosane,geranyl acetate and elixene may be major players in tolerance mechanisms of the tested species.

关键词： Carbon dioxide Epicuticular wax Eucalypts Secondary metabolism Tropospheric ozone

Male attacks on infants and infant death during male takeovers in wild white-headed langurs(Trachypithecus leucocephalus)

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Integrative Zoology 2013年第4期8卷 365-377页

作者： Lijie YIn Tong JIn Kunio watanabe Dagong QIn Dezhi WAnG Wenshi PAn Center for nature and Society School of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijingChina Chongzuo Biodiversity Research Institute Peking UniversityChongzuoGuangxiChina Primate Research Institute Kyoto UniversityJapan The nature Conservancy China ProgramKunmingYunnanChina

Infanticide was first observed in langurs nearly 50 years ago,and this rare phenomenon has been inferred to have either an evolutionarily adaptive function or to be a pathological and non-functional *** this study,we report 5 male takeover events in one-male groups of white-headed langurs in the nongguan Karst Hills,Guangxi,China from 1998 to *** recorded 13 attacks on 9 infants by extra-group males or new resident *** the male takeovers,all of the infants younger than 6 months(with an average age of 3.6 months[n=11])in the groups *** infant death rate during the 4.2 months after takeover by a new male was significantly higher than the infant death rate calculated for most of the *** infants that were still nursing(with an average age of 14.1 months[n=7])were often attacked and seriously wounded by the extra-group males or new resident males,but all of them *** interbirth intervals of females whose infants were assumed to be killed by males were significantly reduced relative to those of females in groups with stable male tenure(mean=10 months vs 25 months).Our data suggest that males kill unrelated and unweaned infants during the takeover period to decrease the time until the infants’mothers resume ***,infanticide would support sexual selection theory in white-headed *** data also show that infanticidal behavior was directed toward the infants,especially those who were still *** dispersal may function as a counter-strategy to avoid infanticide.

关键词： infanticide male takeover sexual selection hypothesis Trachypithecus leucocephalus whiteheaded langur

Development of novel rare earth doped fluoride and oxide scintillators for two-dimensional imaging

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Journal of Rare Earths 2011年第12期29卷 1178-1182页

作者： A.Yoshikawa T.Yanagida Y.Yokota K.Kamada n.Kawaguchi K.Fukuda A.Yamazaki K.watanabe A.Uritani T.Iguchi G.Boulon M.nikl Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University new Industry Creation Hatchery Center Tohoku University R&D Center Tokuyama CorporationShibuya 3-ChomeShibuya-ku nagoya University Furo-choChikusa-ku Physical Chemistry of Luminescent Materials(LPCML) University of Lyon Institute of Physics AS CR

Two topics were focused. The first one was about the gamma-ray scintillator, Pr^3＋：Lu3Al5O12 （LuAG）. The second one was about neutron scintillator, Ce^3＋：^6LiCaAlF6 and Eu^2＋：^6LiCaAlF6 （^6LiCAF）. Those scintillators have been developed very recently for modem imaging applications in the medical and homeland security fields. In both cases, the rare earth ions are playing the crucial role as emission centers. Pr^3＋ in LuAG provided fast 5d→4f transition providing noticeably shorter decay time than that of Ce^3＋. Among several candidate hosts, LuAG showed the best performance. Bulk crystal growth, basic scintillation properties, two-dimensional gamma-ray imaging and positron emission mammography （PEM） application were demonstrated. Due to the international situation, the homeland security was compromized by illicit traffic of explosives, drugs, nuclear materials, etc. and the ways to its improvement became an important R＆D topic. For this purpose the Ce and Eu doped LiCAF appeared competitive candidates. Especially, when substitution of 3He neutron detectors was considered, the discrimination ability of gamma-ray from alpha-ray was important. Bulk crystal growth, basic scintillation properties and two-dimensional neutron imaging were demonstrated.

关键词： Scintillator gamma-ray detection neutron detection oxide fluoride Ce, Eu rare earth

“Genetic tuning” of avian influenza virus host adaptation from birds to humans

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Biosafety and Health 2021年第2期3卷 78-80页

作者： Yasuha Arai Yohei watanabe Department of Infectious Diseases Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyoto 602-8566Japan

Emerging viral infections are a growing threat to human health and often have originated from zoonotic diseases[1].Viruses infecting animals can cross the interspecies barrier and infect humans by the evolution of genetic variants with more fit replication in mammals,which has been defined as“genetic tuning”[2].All the influenza A virus subtypes have been isolated fromwild *** A viruses cross the avian-human species barrier by acquiring genetic mutations or reassortments that enable them to adapt to humans[3].Several avian influenza viruses(AIVs)(e.g.,H5n1,H7n7,H9n2,H7n9,H5n6 and H7n4)can infect humans and cause respiratory diseases with a range of severity[4].

关键词： avian H7n9 AIV