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世界地震工程 1998年第4期14卷 115-122页

作者： n.k.pilgrim 范淑杰

1 前言最近,日美合作研究会议录提供了大量有关平缓坡面上诱发的地面位移的案例资料。例如:(a)1964年新泻地震中,新泻市大泻区在平均坡度仅为0.5％的4m厚可液化土层上,发生了向着Tsusen河方向的超过6m的地表位移(Yasuda等,1989);(b)在... 详细信息

1 前言最近,日美合作研究会议录提供了大量有关平缓坡面上诱发的地面位移的案例资料。例如:(a)1964年新泻地震中,新泻市大泻区在平均坡度仅为0.5％的4m厚可液化土层上,发生了向着Tsusen河方向的超过6m的地表位移(Yasuda等,1989);(b)在上Van norman水库西岸,覆盖有最大厚度为6m的可液化冲积土层,1971年费尔南多地震的结果,在其基底坡度为1°到2°的人工填土层上,发生了达3.0m的地表位移(O'Rourke等,1989)。Sasaki等(1992)和Towhata等(1992)提供的振动台试验,已经阐明了这些案例提出的若干问题:由于重力作用,向下坡方向产生了永久位移;侧向位移在液化层表面最大,而在基底则可以忽略;未饱和表层与液化下层一块移动,而其界面没有滑动。因此说明地面位移乃是饱和表层下面软弱层中剪应变的结果,而不是由于形成了不连续滑动面。然而,正如作者们自己指出的那样,无法使用1g的振动台模型去研究逐个瞬间的移位;在重现原位性状方面,孔隙压力比消失得太快,因而模型在软化状态下没有足够的时间来发展大位移(Sasaki等,1992)。 Steedman(1989)概述了用离心模拟研究包括超孔隙压力、组合应变与刚度以及强度退化效应的重要性。Bolton有关峰值剪切抗力的工作揭示了在1g条件下模拟所产生的两个最重要的误差,这些误?

关键词：平缓斜坡地震地面位移土坡

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Staged liver resection for colorectal metastases:a valuable strategy or a waste of time?

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2010年第6期9卷 600-604页

作者： Raaj Chandra Charles HC pilgrim Val Usatoff The Alfred Hospital Upper Gastrointestinal/Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit

BACkGROUnD:The use of staged liver resections for colorectal metastases has been increasing in recent *** aim of this study was to determine the practices and outcomes of those surgeons attending the Australia and new Zealand Hepatic, Pancreatic and Biliary Association(AnZHPBA)meeting in 2008 who perform staged resections. METHODS:A questionnaire was sent to all members of the AnZHPBA and the international faculty who were invited to attend the annual meeting held in Coolum,Queensland, Australia in October 2008. RESULTS:There were 30 responses from 7 centres across the Uk,Germany and ***-eight patients completed *** study population was predominantly male (n=20,67%),with an average age of 59.4 *** patients had bilobar disease.A right-sided first resection was planned in 39%of *** percent of patients underwent portal vein embolization prior to first resection.A second operation was performed at an average of 2.8 months from the first ***,50%(n=14)of patients eventually achieved a complete(R0)staged *** complications after the first resection were seen in 32%patients(n=9).Twenty- three patients underwent a second liver ***-five complications after the second resection were present in 57% (n=13). COnCLUSIOnS:Two-stage liver resections are beneficial if both stages are completed and an R0 resection is achieved. While there is increased morbidity and mortality,we believe that staged liver resection for colorectal metastases is a valuable strategy in selected cases.

关键词： liver resection colorectal cancer liver metastases

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Mercury Pollution from Dental Amalgam Waste in Trinidad and Tobago

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2010年第8期2卷 762-769页

作者： Amit Paryag Amrita S. Paryag Reisha n. Rafeek Angelus pilgrim 不详

Aim: To assess the knowledge and attitudes of dental practitioners regarding the disposal of amalgam waste from dental practices and to assess the level of mercury released via dental amalgam waste into the environment in Trinidad and Tobago. Method: A questionnaire on dental wastewater discharge and amalgam waste disposal was administered to dental practitioners in Trinidad and Tobago. Levels of mercury in samples of wastewater and solid deposits obtained during removal of 160 amalgam fillings, were measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. The numbers of amalgam fillings placed and removed over a monthly period from a random sample of dental practices in Trinidad and Tobago were also obtained via the questionnaires. The amount of mercury entering the environment from dental practices was estimated from these data. Results: Twenty per cent responded to the questionnaire. Thirty per cent of respondents used elemental mercury (from a dispenser), while 74.4% used pre-capsulated mercury for preparing amalgam fillings. Seventy nine per cent used chair-side traps and filters but none had amalgam separators in their surgery. Methods used to dispose of amalgam waste included disposal in the trash (48.8%), washing down the sink (39.5%);and as hazardous waste (37.2%). A mean concentration of 0.0759 ppm (or mg/L) mercury was found in filtrate from the wastewater samples. A total concentration of 3.4 g mercury per dentist per day was found to be released into the environment via dental amalgam waste in Trinidad and Tobago. Conclusion: Best management practices for disposal of dental amalgam waste are not generally followed. At 3.4 gms per day per dentist, the level of mercury released via dental amalgam waste into the environment in Trinidad and Tobago may be too high. Dental practitioners require education on the management of dental amalgam waste and national legislation to protect the environment from this source of mercury may be required.

关键词： Dental Amalgam Mercury Pollution

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Determination of nutrient Concentrations in Simulated Rainfall-Runoff from Poultry House Dust Deposited Adjacent to Exhaust Fans

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2016年第1期7卷 27-40页

作者： Sheri L. Herron Andrew n. Sharpley kristofor R. Brye David M. Miller Susan Watkins David McCreery Mike B. Daniels Department of Crop Soil and Environmental Sciences University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR USA Center of Excellence for Poultry Science University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR USA pilgrim’s Pride Gainesville GA USA Department of Crop Soil and Environmental Sciences South University Ave. Little Rock AR USA

Until recently, little attention has been given to the loss of nutrients that may occur in stormwater runoff from poultry houses. Dust emitted from poultry house fans and deposited near the fans has been shown to contain similar amounts of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (n) as in poultry litter, thus, there is need for information on the potential of runoff to transport deposited dust off-site. The objectives of this study are to quantify P and n in simulated rainfall-runoff from sites immediately adjacent to fans (sidewall and tunnel) from a commercial poultry house in northwest Arkansas. Runoff from fan plots range in total P (TP) and total n (Tn) concentration from 1.0 to 26.0 mg·L-1 and from 5.1 to 189 mg·L-1. The concentration of P and n in runoff from plots adjacent to sidewall fans is significantly lower (P ng warmer (June to August;1 and 2 mg·L-1 for TP and Tn, respectively) than cooler months (november through March;3 and 7 mg·L-1 for TP and Tn, respectively). In contrast, TP and Tn concentrations of runoff from tunnel fan plots are significantly greater (P ng warm (14 and 170 mg·L-1, respectively) than cool months (5 and 60 mg·L-1, respectively). The results of this research indicate that conservation practices are needed around poultry production houses to minimize the potential for runoff of nutrients in emitted dust entering nearby surface waters.

关键词： Broiler House Dust Broiler Litter nutrient Runoff Surface Water Quality

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