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Quantitative Assessment of Foveal Avascular Zone in Patients with Early and Intermediate nonexudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration Using Optical Coherence Tomography-Angiography

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2018年第3期8卷 133-139页

作者： Vladimir Stavrev nelly Sivkova Desislava Koleva-georgieva Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine Medical University of Plovdiv Plovdiv Bulgaria

Optical coherence tomography-angiography (OCT-A) is a relatively new non-invasive imaging technique which provides three-dimensional visualization of the retinal and choroidal microvasculature. Recently, OCT-A is widely used in the diagnosis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Purpose: To compare 3 quantitative indexes of foveal avascular zone (FAZ)—area (A), perimeter (Pm), and circularity (C) in patients with early and intermediate nonexudative AMD and healthy subjects using OCT-A. Methods: Eighty-nine patients with nonexudative AMD (n = 89 eyes) were enrolled in the study. They were compared with sex- and age-matched control group of 66 healthy subjects (n = 66 eyes). The patients with nonexudative AMD were divided into 2 subgroups—early AMD (n = 42 eyes) and intermediate AMD (n = 47 eyes). All participants underwent OCT-A (3 × 3 mm scans, Cirrus HD-OCT, Angioplex, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA). Results: There was no statistically significant difference in all 3 assessed indexes between the early AMD subgroup and the control group (A ? P = 0.139;Pm ? P = 0.230;and C ? P = 0.191). There was also no statistically significant difference in all 3 assessed indexes between the intermediate AMD subgroup and the control group (A ? P = 0.106, Pm ? P = 0.124, and C ? P = 0.102, respectively). Conclusions: According to our results from the assessment of FAZ in patients with early and intermediate AMD, we hypothesize that macular perfusion remains fairly unchanged in the nonexudative stages of the disease. OCT-A is a reliable technique for visualizing and quantifying FAZ in patients with nonexudative AMD.

关键词： Age-Related Macular Degeneration Optical Coherence Tomography-Angiography Foveal Avascular Zone

Schiff base SH11 with tuberculostatic and radical scavenging activities against InH-induced oxidative hepatic damage

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2012年第7期3卷 1068-1075页

作者： nedyalka georgieva Zvezdelina Yaneva Galina nikolova Svetlana Simova Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine Trakia University Stara Zagora Bulgaria Department of Pharmacology Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Trakia University Students Campus Stara Zagora Bulgaria Institute of Organic Chemistry Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria

By in vitro visible electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrophotometry method we demonstrated that n-isonicotinoyl-n’-(3-etoxy-2-hydroxybenzaldehyd) hydrazone (SH11) exhibits radical scavenging activity (SSA). Malondialdehyde (MDA) in mice treated with InH was increased (2.578 ± 0.349 mM vs. 2.024 ± 0.164 μM, p SOD/mg Pr vs. 2.273 ± 0.317 USOD/mg Pr, p CAT/mg Pr, vs. 47.070 ± 16.490 UCAT/mg Pr, p ntreated controls. The combination InH + SH11 (30 mg/kg p.o.) showed reduced levels of MDA, compared to the InH-treated (mean 2.291 ± 0.025 μM than 2.578 ± 0.349, p nation with the lowest reduction of SOD compared to the controls was 151 mg/kg i.p. InH + 30 mg/kg p.o. SH11, but there was a significant difference in SOD activities between the group treated with this combination and the untreated controls (p nation, with CAT levels, close to the controls was 151 mg/kg i.p. InH + 30 mg/kg p.o. SH11.

关键词： InH Schiff Base Tuberculosis EPR Lipid Peroxidation Antioxidant Enzymes

non-Isothermal Degradation Kinetics of Hybrid Copolymers Containing Thermosensitive and Polypeptide Blocks

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Open Journal of Polymer Chemistry 2012年第3期2卷 91-98页

作者： Emilya D. Ivanova Ivaylo V. Dimitrov Velyana G. georgieva Sevdalina Christova Turmanova Department of Materials Science Burgas Prof. Assen Zlatarov University Burgas Bulgaria Department of Physical Chemistry Burgas Prof. Assen Zlatarov University Burgas Bulgaria Institute of Polymers Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria

novel, self-associating hybrid copolymers were synthesized via controlled ring-opening polymerization of n-carboxyanhydride of Z-L-lysine (Z-L-Lys-nCA), initiated by amino-functional macroinitiators. A poly(n-isopropylacry-lamide) (PnIPAm)-based macroinitiator containing 10 mol% of polyoxyethylene grafts and a terminal primary amine group in the form of ammonium hydrochloride (PnIPAm-g-PEО) was synthesized and used to initiate the ammonium- mediated ring-opening polymerization of nCA described by Dimitrov and Schlaad [1]. Thus, hybrid copolymers ((PnIPAm-g-PEO)-b-PLys) with controlled molar-mass characteristics and functionality were obtained. The potential applications of PnIPAm-based copolymers in the systems for controlled drug release, immobilization of enzymes and protein purification have aroused great interest in the studies of their properties and behaviour. The thermal stability and thermodynamic properties of the copolymers obtained were studied. The differential thermal analysis of polyfunctional hybrid copolymers (PnIPAm-g-PEO)-b-PLys) showed that thermooxidative destruction occurs in two stages: primary, of the unstable fragments (grafted chains of PEO);and secondary, of the main polymer chains of poly(n-isopropylacry-lamide) and poly(L-lysine). The kinetics of thermal degradation was evaluated and the values of the activation energy of the degradation process, changes of Gibbs free energy, enthalpy and entropy for the formation of the activated complex were also calculated.

关键词： Self-Associating Hybrid Copolymers n-Carboxyanhydride of Z-L-Lysine (Z-L-Lys-nCA) Thermal Stability Properties non-Isothermal Degradation Kinetics

Pharmacologic vitreolysis:new strategy for treatment of anomalous vitreo-macular adhesion

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World Journal of Ophthalmology 2015年第3期5卷 99-105页

作者： Desislava n Koleva-georgieva Clinic of Ophthalmology "St. George" Hospital Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of MedicineMedical University of Plovdiv

Persistent anomalous vitreo-macular adhesion(VMA) is a well-known factor, associated with a variety of sight threatening diseases- including macular hole, vitreo-macular traction syndrome, cystoid and diabetic macular edema, exudative age- related macular degeneration, myopic traction maculopathy and others. With the advent of optical coherence tomography our understanding of these pathologies and the ability of their early diagnosis has gone much far in the past two decades. The release of macular traction has been of exclusive surgical capability. notwithstanding good results, vitrectomy is hampered by the inability of complete vitreo-retinal separation(i.e., smooth, bare internal limiting membrane), compulsory postoperative positioning in macular hole cases, surgical complications, and high costs. With aim to offer less invasive and safe treatment modality for anomalous VMA, investigators have made enormous progress in the past decade. Leading among the studied nonsurgical measures is the intravitreal application of pharmacologic agents for the induction of vitreo-retinal separation and vitreous liquefaction, a method termed pharmacologic vitreolysis. Several vitreolytic agents have been studied to date, the most potent among them proved to be plasmin. Recently, ocriplasmin(formerly known as microplasmin)- a more stable than plasmin recombinant product, proved to be safe and efficient in releasing VMA in large studies, and consequently received FDA approval. It's role in clinical practice is now in the process of being determined. This paper aims to review and summarize the current knowledge and status of investigation on this new approach for the treatment of VMA.

关键词： Pharmacologic vitreolysis Vitreo-macular adhesion Posterior vitreous detachment Macular hole Microplasmin