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Psychiatric comorbidities in children and adolescents with chronic urticaria

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第4期19卷 315-322页

作者： George n.Konstantinou Gerasimos n.Konstantinou Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 424 General Military Training HospitalThessaloníkiGreece Department of Psychiatry University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Center for Addiction and Mental Health(CAMH) TorontoONCanada

Background Chronic urticaria(CU)has been shown to impact patients'quality of life negatively and may coexist with psychiatric disorders.We systematically reviewed the published evidence of comorbid psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents with CU.Methods A systematic review of studies published until February 2022 in PubMed,Google Scholar,and Scopus was performed.An a priori set of inclusion criteria was predefined for the studies to be included:(1)clear distinction between urticaria and other allergies;(2)precise distinction between acute and CU;(3)participants younger than 18 years old,exclusively;(4)use of appropriate standardized questionnaires,psychometric tools,and standard diagnostic nomenclature for the mental health and behavioral disorders diagnosis;and(5)manuscripts written or published in the English language.Results Our search identified 582 potentially relevant papers.Only eight of them satisfied the inclusion criteria.Quantita-tive meta-analysis was not deemed appropriate,given the lack of relevant randomized control trials,the small number of relevant shortlisted,the small sample size of the patients included in each study,and the remarkable heterogeneity of the studies'protocols.Conclusions The included studies suggest an increased incidence of psychopathology among children and adolescents with CU as opposed to healthy age-matched individuals,but the data are scarce.Further research is required to clarify whether psychopathology is just a comorbid entity,the cause,or the consequence of CU.Meanwhile an interdisciplinary collaboration between allergists/dermatologists and psychiatrists is expected to substantially minimize CU burden and improve patients'quality of life.

关键词： Adolescents Children Chronic urticaria Psychiatry Psychopathology Quality of life

Chebyshev polynomial-based Ritz method for thermal buckling and free vibration behaviors of metal foam beams

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第5期45卷 891-910页

作者： n.D.nGUYEn T.n.nGUYEn Faculty of Civil Engineering Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and EducationHo Chi Minh City 71309Viet Nam Faculty of Engineering and Technology Kien Giang UniversityChau Thanh 92000Viet Nam

This study presents the Chebyshev polynomials-based Ritz method to examine the thermal buckling and free vibration characteristics of metal foam beams.The analyses include three models for porosity distribution and two scenarios for thermal distribution.The material properties are assessed under two conditions,i.e.,temperature dependence and temperature independence.The theoretical framework for the beams is based on the higher-order shear deformation theory,which incorporates shear deformations with higher-order polynomials.The governing equations are established from the Lagrange equations,and the beam displacement fields are approximated by the Chebyshev polynomials.numerical simulations are performed to evaluate the effects of thermal load,slenderness,boundary condition(BC),and porosity distribution on the buckling and vibration behaviors of metal foam beams.The findings highlight the significant influence of temperature-dependent(TD)material properties on metal foam beams'buckling and vibration responses.

关键词： Ritz method Chebyshev function buckling vibration metal foam beam higher-order beam theory(HOBT)

Morpholino studies shed light on the signaling pathways regulating axon regeneration in lampreys

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neural Regeneration Research 2022年第7期17卷 1475-1477页

作者： Daniel Sobrido-Cameán Antón Barreiro-Iglesias Department of Functional Biology Faculty of BiologyCIBUSUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaA CoruñaSpain Department of Zoology University of CambridgeCambridgeUK

Lampreys are one of the most ancient extant vertebrates and they have become an animal model of interest for the study of spontaneous axon regeneration after a traumatic central nervous system injury.Contrary to most ... 详细信息

关键词： traumatic regeneration injury

Mathematical Modeling of Biological Fluid Flow Through a Cylindrical Layer with Due Account for Barodiffusion

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2023年第4期5卷 1365-1384页

作者： n.n.nazarenko A.G.Knyazeva Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesTomsk634021Russia

The work proposes a model of biological fluid flow in a steady mode through a cylindrical layer taking into account convection and diffusion.The model considers finite compressibility and concentration expansion connected with both barodiffusion and additional mechanism of pressure change in the pore volume due to the concentration gradient.Thus,the model is entirely coupled.The paper highlights the complexes composed of scales of physical quantities of different natures.The iteration algorithm for the numerical solution of the problem was developed for the coupled problem.The work involves numerical studies of the considered effects on the characteristics of the flow that can be convective or diffusive,depending on the relation between the dimensionless complexes.It is demonstrated that the distribution of velocity and concentration for different cylinder wall thicknesses is different.It is established that the barodiffusion has a considerable impact on the process in the convective mode or in the case of reduced cylinder wall thickness.

关键词： Filtration Diffusion Convective and diffusive flow regimes Barodiffusion

Towards defining soil quality of Mediterranean calcareous agricultural soils:Reference values and potential core indicator set

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 145-155页

作者： Germán A.Durán Daniel Sacristán Edelweis Farrús Jaume Vadell Institut de Recerca i FormacióAgrària i Pesquera de les Illes Balears C/Eusebi Estada14507009PalmaSpain Plant Biology Department University of Valencia46100BurjassotValenciaSpain Soil and Environmental Quality Department Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación-CIDE(CSIC-Universitat de València-Generalitat Valenciana)Carretera Moncada-Náquera km 4.546113MoncadaValenciaSpain Universitat de les Illes Balears Cra.De Valldemossakm 7507122PalmaSpain

To avoid soil degradation,adapt to climate change and comply with the Sustainable Development goals 2030(Un General Assembly),establishing the quality/fertility of the agricultural soils of the Mediterranean region and evaluate how these evolve with time is mandatory.This enables adequate management practices to be implemented.The Mediterranean calcareous region has received little attention in this sense,in spite its soil particularities.So,24 different representative calcareous agricultural soils of the Mediterranean region,including the main management strategies of agricultural soils(rainfed and irrigated),were sampled from the island of Mallorca;and their physical,chemical and biological properties determined.The values obtained for most of the soil characteristics allowed to establish an initial approach to the reference values for the type of calcareous agricultural soils considered,and to clearly distinguish the effect of rainfed or irrigation management practices on soils properties and dynamics.Some enzyme activities were not stimulated by the irrigation conditions assayed or they were only in dry conditions,suggesting optimum enzyme activities could be obtained when alternating dry and humid soil conditions.Soil organic carbon,calcium carbonate and active lime revealed of significant importance in the collection of soils.Finally,the results obtained clearly indicate the heterogeneity of the region and its implications on the different soil characteristics.Therefore,this study could serve as a starting point to adequately establish the quality(fertility)for Mediterranean calcareous agricultural soils and their reference values by conducting further research in this region and including more type of soils.

关键词： Soil fertility Mediterranean agricultural soils Calcareous soils Soil enzymes Soil management

Compression properties of cost-efficient porous expanded clay reinforced AA7075 syntactic foams fabricated by industrial-oriented die casting technology

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China Foundry 2024年第1期21卷 60-70页

作者： İsmail Cem Akgün Çağın Bolat Ali Gökşenli Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Istanbul Technical University34437İstanbulTurkey Faculty of Engineering Samsun University55420SamsunTurkey

In today’s manufacturing industries,hard competition between rival firms makes it compulsory for researchers to design lighter and cheaper machine components due to the megatrends of cost-effectiveness and anti-pollution.At this point,aluminum syntactic foams(ASFs)are new-generation engineering composites and come into the upfront as a problem-solver.Owing to their features like low density,sufficient elongation,and perfect energy absorption ability,these advanced foams have been considerably seductive for many industrial sectors nowadays.In this study,an industrial-oriented automatic die casting technology was used for the first time to manufacture the combination of AA7075/porous expanded clay(PEC).Micro evaluations(optical and FESEM)reveal that there is a homogenous particle distribution in the foam samples,and inspections are compatible with the other ASF studies.Additionally,T6 aging heat treatment was operated on one half of the produced foams to explore the probable impact of aging on the compressive responses.Attained results show that PEC particles can be an alternative to expensive hollow spheres used in the previous works.Besides,a favorable relationship is ascertained between the aging treatment and mechanical properties such as compression strength and plateau strength.

关键词： die casting porous materials metal matrix sytanctic foams expanded clay compressive deformation

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MXetronics-MXene电子学

无机材料学报 2024年第2期39卷 171-178页

作者：徐向明 Husam n ALSHAREEF 阿卜杜拉国王科技大学沙特阿拉伯图瓦23955-6900

超薄的过渡金属碳氮化合物MXenes,作为一大类新兴二维(2D)材料,是当前材料研究热点方向之一。自2D材料发现至今已有近20年,以石墨烯、过渡金属硫族化合物、黑磷等为代表的2D材料在微纳电子领域经历了相对广泛且深入的研究,MXenes自2011... 详细信息

超薄的过渡金属碳氮化合物MXenes,作为一大类新兴二维(2D)材料,是当前材料研究热点方向之一。自2D材料发现至今已有近20年,以石墨烯、过渡金属硫族化合物、黑磷等为代表的2D材料在微纳电子领域经历了相对广泛且深入的研究,MXenes自2011年诞生以来在微纳电子领域的研究也方兴未艾。MXenes拥有丰富的元素结构组成和独特的物理化学特性(表面亲水性、功函可调、官能团可调、电和离子快速传输特性、表面离子激元、光热电、电磁吸收等),使其在微纳电子领域具有潜在的应用前景。Alshareef课题组近几年致力于将MXene引入到微纳电子领域,并在2019年用MXetronics来定义MXene电子学这一新兴的学术领域。本文简要总结和评价了该领域的代表性进展,梳理了包括微电子级的合成、加工、物性探索和器件应用等方面面临的挑战,最后指出一些关键的研究方向和尚未探索的细分领域。

关键词： MXenes 微纳电子薄膜微纳加工合成晶体管专题评述

A numerical method for the simulation of freight train emergency braking operations based on the UIC braked weight percentage

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Railway Engineering Science 2023年第2期31卷 162-171页

作者： n.Bosso Matteo Magelli n.Zampieri Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Politecnico di TorinoC.so Duca degli Abruzzi 2410129 TurinItaly

The present paper shows the development of a strategy for the calculation of the air brake forces of European freight trains. The model is built to upgrade the existing Politecnico di Torino longitudinal train dynamics(LTD) code LTDPoliTo, which was originally unable to account for air brake forces. The proposed model uses an empirical exponential function to calculate the air brake forces during the simulation, while the maximum normal force on the brake friction elements is calculated according to the indication of the vehicle braked weight percentage.Hence, the model does not require to simulate in detail the fluid dynamics in the brake pipe nor to precisely know the main parameters of the braking system mounted on each vehicle. The model parameters are tuned to minimize the difference between the braking distance computed by the LTDPoliTo code and the value prescribed by the UIC544-1 leaflet in emergency braking operations. Simulations are run for different configurations of freight train compositions including a variable number of Shimmns wagons trailed by an E402B locomotive at the head of the train, as suggested in a reference literature paper. The results of the proposed method are in good agreement with the target braking distances calculated according to the international rules.

关键词： Railway brake modelling Emergency braking UIC braking system Braked weight Longitudinal train dynamics

Longitudinal bicyclist,driver,and pedestrian perceptions of autonomous vehicle communication strategies

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2023年第1期10卷 31-44页

作者： nicholas n.Ferenchak Department of Civil Construction&Environmental EngineeringUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87131USA

We sought to better understand how autonomous vehicle(AV)communication strategies impact human road users’perceptions.More specifically,we explored the impact of different external human-machine interface(eHMI)designs on task load,comfort,trust,and acceptance.To accomplish this,we created virtual reality(VR)scenarios where human participants interacted with AVs in biking,driving,and pedestrian simulators.Participants were brought back after initial testing to explore acclimation and learning effects.eHMI designs included a text-based grille eHMI,a text-based roof eHMI,a text-based driver-side door eHMI,anon-textual LED windshield strip eHMI,and a non-textual side mirror arrow eHMI.The presence of an eHMI was the strongest positive predictor of comfort,trust,and acceptance outcomes in the statistical models when controlling for all other variables.There was a clear divide between text-based eHMIs and non-text eHMIs with text-based eHMIs experiencing better perception scores.The LED Windshield experienced the worst perception scores.There were perception acclimation effects detected which were most notable for task load(which decreased over time)and comfort(which increased over time).Perception scores for the different eHMI designs tended to cluster over time.However,the acclimation effects had less of an impact than the presence of an eHMI.Perception outcomes had weaker relationships with participant characteristics than with AV characteristics.Results suggest that eHMI presence and design,AV behavior,and acclimation are most impactful in terms of perceptions.

关键词： Vehicle automation Communication Human-automation interaction Technology acceptance Virtual reality