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Promotion of structural plasticity in area V2 of visual cortex prevents against object recognition memory deficits in aging and Alzheimer's disease rodents

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neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1835-1841页

作者： Irene navarro-Lobato Mariam Masmudi-Martín Manuel F.López-Aranda Juan F.López-Téllez Gloria Delgado Pablo Granados-Durán Celia Gaona-Romero Marta Carretero-Rey Sinforiano Posadas María E.Quiros-Ortega Zafar u.Khan Laboratory of neurobiology Centro de Investigaciones Médico Sanitarias(CIMES)University of MalagaMalagaSpain Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MalagaMalagaSpain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades neurodegenerativas(CIBERnED) Institute of Health Carlos IIIMadridSpain the Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands the Brain Metastasis Group National Cancer Research Centre(CNIO)MadridSpain the Department of neurobiology University of California-Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA

Memory deficit,which is often associated with aging and many psychiatric,neurological,and neurodegenerative diseases,has been a challenging issue for *** till now,all potential drug candidates have failed to produce satisfa ctory ***,in the search for a solution,we found that a treatment with the gene corresponding to the RGS14414protein in visual area V2,a brain area connected with brain circuits of the ventral stream and the medial temporal lobe,which is crucial for object recognition memory(ORM),can induce enhancement of *** this study,we demonstrated that the same treatment with RGS14414in visual area V2,which is relatively unaffected in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer s disease,produced longlasting enhancement of ORM in young animals and prevent ORM deficits in rodent models of aging and Alzheimer’s ***,we found that the prevention of memory deficits was mediated through the upregulation of neuronal arbo rization and spine density,as well as an increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDnF).A knockdown of BDnF gene in RGS14414-treated aging rats and Alzheimer s disease model mice caused complete loss in the upregulation of neuronal structural plasticity and in the prevention of ORM *** findings suggest that BDnF-mediated neuronal structural plasticity in area V2 is crucial in the prevention of memory deficits in RGS14414-treated rodent models of aging and Alzheimer’s ***,our findings of RGS14414gene-mediated activation of neuronal circuits in visual area V2 have therapeutic relevance in the treatment of memory deficits.

关键词： behavioral performance brain-derived neurotrophic factor cognitive dysfunction episodic memory memory circuit activation memory deficits memory enhancement object recognition memory prevention of memory loss regulator of G protein signaling

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Combinations of electron and proton donors in transition-metal complex mediated nitrogen reduction reactions

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2136-2154页

作者： Delong Han Li Yang Hao Huang Priyanka Chakraborty Shashikant u.Dighe Kuo-Wei Huang KAuST Catalysis Center and Division of Physical Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal 23955Saudi Arabia Agency for Science Technologyand ResearchInstitute of Materials Research and Engineering and Institute of Sustainability for ChemicalsEnergy and EnvironmentSingapore 138634Singapore

nitrogen fixation is a complex process involving the transfer of six electrons and *** from the conventional Haber-Bosch process,which relies on hydrogen(H_(2))to provide both electrons and protons to reduce nitrogen(n_(2)),homogeneous transition metal complex-catalyzed n_(2)reduction reactions(nRR)employ an array of electron and proton donors or even electron donors combined with *** the synthesis of diverse catalytic progress,the categories of donors have seen rapid ***,existing literature only provides summaries regarding the metal,ligands,and *** the significance of electron and proton donor combinations in nitrogen reduction reactions,no literature has thoroughly reviewed this ***,we hereby compiled a comprehensive list of commonly used reagents in n_(2)reduction and classified them according to their specific donor *** review presents clear and organized information about these combinations,along with a summary of their general performance trend in nRR with related ***,we conclude the discussion by highlighting key points for researchers to consider when selecting catalysts and donor combinations,with the ultimate goal of advancing the field of nitrogen fixation.

关键词： dinitrogen reduction reaction reducing donor combination transition metal complexes homogeneous catalysis

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Rice-wheat comparative genomics:Gains and gaps

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The Crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 656-669页

作者： Akila Wijerathna-Yapa Ruchi Bishnoi Buddhini Ranawaka Manu Maya Magar Hafeez ur rehman Swati G.Bharad Michal T.Lorenc Vinita Ramtekey Sasha Gohar Charu Lata Md.Harun-Or-Rashid Maryam Razzaq Muhammad Sajjad Bhoja *** School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia ARC Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in nature and Agriculture The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding College of AgricultureUmmedganj-KotaAgriculture UniversityKotaRajasthan 324001India Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy Queensland University of Technology(QUT)2 George StreetBrisbaneQLD 4000Australia uWA School of Agriculture and Environment The University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawleyWA 6009Australia nepal Agriculture Research Council KhumaltarLalitpurNepal Department of Agronomy University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38040Pakistan Department of Agricultural Botany Dr Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi VidyapeethAkola 444104MaharashtraIndia ICAR-Indian Institute of Seed Science MauUttar Pradesh 275103India School of natural Sciences Macquarie UniversityMacquarie ParkNSW 2109Australia ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research Flowrdale 54642ShimlaIndia International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)Bangladesh Office Gulshan-2Dhaka 1212Bangladesh Center for Seed Science University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Department of Biosciences COMSATS University IslamabadPark RoadTarlai KalanIslamabad 45550Pakistan CGIAR’s Excellence in Breeding(EiB)Platform/Accelerated Breeding Initiative International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)El Batán 56237Mexico

Rice and wheat provide nearly 40%of human calorie and protein *** share a common ancestor and belong to the Poaceae(grass)*** their genetic homology is crucial for developing new cultivars with enhanced *** wheat genes and gene families have been characterized based on their rice ***–wheat orthology can identify genetic regions that regulate similar traits in both ***–wheat comparative genomics can identify candidate wheat genes in a genomic region identified by association or QTL mapping,deduce their putative functions and biochemical pathways,and develop molecular markers for marker-assisted breeding.A knowledge of gene homology facilitates the transfer between crops of genes or genomic regions associated with desirable traits by genetic engineering,gene editing,or wide crossing.

关键词： Comparative genomics Orthologs Genes Synteny Genetic engineering Molecular breeding

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Predictive factors for percutaneous nephrolithotomy bleeding risks

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Asian Journal of urology 2024年第1期11卷 105-109页

作者： u Phun Loo Chun Hou Yong Guan Chou Teh urology Department Sarawak General HospitalKuchingMalaysia

Objective:This study aimed to identify predictive factors for percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCnL)bleeding *** better risk stratification,bleeding in high-risk patient can be anticipated and facilitates early ***:A prospective observational study of PCnL performed at our institution was *** adults with radio-opaque renal stones planned for PCnL were included except those with coagulopathy,planned for additional *** including gender,co-morbidities,body mass index,stone burden,puncture site,tract dilatation size,operative position,surgeon's seniority,and operative duration were studied using stepwise multivariate regression analysis to identify the predictive factors associated with higher estimated hemoglobin(Hb)***:Overall,4.86%patients(n=7)received packed cells *** mean estimated Hb deficiency was 1.3(range 0-6.5)g/dL and the median was 1.0 g/*** multivariate regression analysis revealed that absence of hypertension(p=0.024),puncture site(p=0.027),and operative duration(p=0.023)were significantly associated with higher estimated Hb ***,the effect sizes are rather small with partial eta-squared of 0.037,0.066,and 0.038,*** power obtained was 0.621,0.722,and 0.625,*** factors studied did not correlate with Hb ***:Hypertension,puncture site,and operative duration have significant impact on estimated Hb deficiency during ***,the effect size is rather small despite adequate study power ***,operative position(supine or prone),puncture number,or tract dilatation size did not correlate with Hb *** mainstay of reducing bleeding in PCnL is still meticulous operative *** study findings also suggest that PCnL can be safely done by urology trainees under supervision in suitably selected patient,without increasing risk of bleeding.

关键词： Percutaneous nephrolithotomy Predictive factor Risk factor Bleeding Blood loss

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Exact solutions for magnetohydrodynamic nanofluids flow and heat transfer over a permeable axisymmetric radially stretching/shrinking sheet

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 108-114页

作者： u.S.Mahabaleshwar G.P.Vanitha L.M.Pérez Emad H.Aly I.Pop Department of Studies in Mathematics Davangere UniversityShivagangothriDavangereIndia Departamento de F´ısica FACIUniversidad de Tarapac´aCasilla 7DAricaChile Department of Mathematics Faculty of EducationAin Shams UniversityRoxyCairoEgypt Department of Mathematics Babes-Bolyai University400084 Cluj-NapocaRomania

We report on the magnetohydrodynamic impact on the axisymmetric flow of Al_(2)O_(3)/Cu nanoparticles suspended in H_(2)O past a stretched/shrinked *** the use of partial differential equations and the corresponding thermophysical characteristics of nanoparticles,the physical flow process is *** resultant nonlinear system of partial differential equations is converted into a system of ordinary differential equations using the suitable similarity *** transformed differential equations are solved *** of the magnetic parameter,solid volume fraction and stretching/shrinking parameter on momentum and temperature distribution have been analyzed and interpreted *** skin friction and nusselt number were also *** addition,existence of dual solution was deduced for the shrinking sheet and unique solution for the stretching ***,Al_(2)O_(3)/H_(2)O nanofluid flow has better thermal conductivity on comparing with Cu/H_(2)O ***,it was found that the first solutions of the stream are stable and physically realizable,whereas those of the second ones are unstable.

关键词： magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid stretching/shrinking sheet axisymmetric flow analytical solution suction/injection

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Human leukocyte antigen compatibility and incidence of donorspecific antibodies in pediatric liver transplant recipients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第33期30卷 3837-3845页

作者： Melina u Melere Flavia H Feier Jorge neumann Antônio n Kalil Juliana de M Montagner Luiza S nader Carolina S da Silva Marco Aurélio F Junior Gabriela P Coral Guilherme P Bobsin Cristina T Ferreira Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Santa Casa de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050170Rio Grande do SulBrazil Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90020-090Rio Grande do SulBrazil Postgraduation Program in Medicine:Hepatology Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050-170Rio Grande do SulBrazil Laboratory of Transplantation Immunology Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90020-090Rio Grande do SulBrazil

BACKGROunD Antibody-mediated rejection following liver transplantation(LT)has been increasingly recognized,particularly with respect to the emergence of de novo donor-specific antibodies(DSAs)and their impact on graft *** substantial evidence for adult populations exists,research focusing on pediatric LT outcomes remains *** To investigate the prevalence of human leukocyte antigen(HLA)mismatches and DSA and evaluate their association with rejection episodes after pediatric *** A cohort of pediatric LT recipients underwent HLA testing at Santa Casa de Porto Alegre,Brazil,between December 2013 and December *** patients who survived for>30 days after LT with at least one DSA analysis were *** classes I and II and cross-matches were *** presence of de novo DSA(dnDSA)was evaluated at least 3 months after LT using the Luminex®single antigen bead method,with a positive reaction threshold set at 1000 *** episodes were confirmed by liver *** Overall,67 transplanted children were analyzed;61 received grafts from living donors,85%of whom were related to ***-transplant DSA(class I or II)was detected in 28.3%of patients,and dnDSA was detected in 48.4%.The median time to DSA detection after LT was 19.7[interquartile range(IQR):4.3-35.6]*** rejection occurred in 13 patients at follow-up,with C4d positivity observed in 5/13 Liver *** median time to rejection was 7.8(IQR:5.7-12.8)*** presence of dnDSA was significantly associated with rejection(36%vs 3%,Pn-free survival rates at 12 and 24 months were 76%vs 100%and 58%vs 95%for patients with dnDSA anti-DQ vs those without,*** Our findings highlight the importance of incorporating DSA assessment into pre-and post-transplantation protocols for pediatric LT *** implications may include immunosuppression minimization strategies based on this analysis in pediatric LT recip

关键词： Human leukocyte antigens Donor-specific antibodies Liver transplantation Pediatric Rejection

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Contributions to the knowledge of Antarctodon sobrali(Mammalia:Astrapotheria)from the Eocene of Antarctica

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Advances in Polar Science 2024年第1期35卷 48-62页

作者： Javier n.GELFO Consejo nacional de Investigaciones Científicasy Técnicas(COnICET) Buenos Aires C1425FQBArgentina División Paleontología Vertebrados Museo de La PlataFacultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo de La PlataUniversidad Nacional de La PlataLa Plata B1900FWAArgentina

The Astrapotheria constitutes one of the five orders of extinct South American native ungulates,with a fossil record that also extends to the Eocene of the Antarctic *** contrast to the abundant specimens known for litoptern Sparnotheriodontidae and metatherians,astrapotheres are represented by scant remains assigned to the endemic Antarctodon sobrali and indeterminate astrapotheres,restricted to levels 35C_(u0)and 35n of the Cucullaea I Allomember of the La Meseta *** discovery of alower molar assignable to this species in the Eocene levels of Seymour(Marambio)Island,enables a revision of the diagnosis and the homologies of the dental characters used to describe this taxon.A reanalysis of its phylogenetic relationships reveals the nearly simultaneous presence of basal astrapotheres in the early Eocene of Itaboraí(Brazil),Patagonia,and West *** taxa are characterized by lacking dental specializations usually associated with more abrasive diets like terminal forms of uruguaytheriinae and *** appears to have thrived on the Antarctic continent during the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum within the paleoclimatic context of a hot-house *** present conditions in Antarctica where no terrestrial mammals inhabit,the early Eocene climate was characterized by warmer temperatures and a biologically diverse environment rich in primary producers,dominated by nothofagus forests,encompassing both deciduous and evergreen forests,which supported a diverse assemblage of continental vertebrates.

关键词： Astrapotheria Antarctodon Eocene Seymour Island La Meseta Formation

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Hordedane diterpenoid phytoalexins restrict Fusarium graminearum infection but enhance Bipolaris sorokiniana colonization of barley roots

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Molecular Plant 2024年第8期17卷 1307-1327页

作者： Yaming Liu Dario Esposto Lisa K.Mahdi Andrea Porzel Pauline Stark Hidayat Hussain Anja Scherr-Henning Simon Isfort ulschan.Bathe Ivan F.Acosta Alga Zuccaro Gerd u.Balcke Alain Tissier Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryHalleGermany Institute for Plant Sciences Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences(CEPLAS)Cologne BiocenterUniversity of CologneCologneGermany Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryHalleGermany Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research CologneGermany Horticultural Sciences University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA.

Plant immunity is a multilayered process that includes recognition of patterns or effectors from pathogens to elicit defense *** include the induction of a cocktail of defense metabolites that typically restrict pathogen ***,we investigate the interaction between barley roots and the fungal pathogens Bipolaris sorokiniana(Bs)and Fusarium graminearum(Fg)at the metabolite *** identify hordedanes,a previously undescribed set of labdane-related diterpenoids with antimicrobial properties,as critical players in these *** of barley roots by Bs and Fg elicits hordedane synthesis from a 60o-kb gene *** reconstruction of the biosynthesis pathway in yeast and nicotiana benthamiana produced several hordedanes,including one of the most functionally decorated products 19-β-hydroxy-hordetrienoic acid(19-OH-HTA).Barley mutants in the diterpene synthase genes of this cluster are unable to produce hordedanes but,unexpectedly,show reduced Bs *** contrast,colonization by Fusarium graminearum,another fungal pathogen of barley and wheat,is 4-fold higher in the mutants completely lacking ***,19-OH-HTA enhances both germination and growth of Bs,whereas it inhibits other pathogenic fungi,including *** of microscopy and transcriptomics data suggest that hordedanes delay the necrotrophic phase of *** together,these results show that adapted pathogens such as Bs can subvert plant metabolic defenses to facilitate root colonization.

关键词： barley Hordeum vulgare diterpenoid phytoalexins gene cluster pathogenic fungi Bipolaris sorokininiana Fusarium graminearum

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Abiotic and Biotic Factors Controlling Grain Aroma along Value Chain of Fragrant Rice:A Review

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Rice science 2024年第2期31卷 142-158页

作者： Ayut KOnGPun Tonapha PuSADEE Pennapa JAKSOMSAK Kawiporn CHInACHAnTA Patcharin TuIWOnG Phukjira CHAn-In Sawika KOnSAEnG Wasu PATHOM-AREE Suchila uTASEE Benjamaporn WAnGKAEW Chanakan PROM-u-THAI Faculty of Agricultural Technology Kalasin UniversityKalasin 46000Thailand Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty of AgricultureChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Program in Agricultural Chemistry Faculty of Agricultural ProductionMaejo UniversityChiang Mai 50290Thailand Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Lanna Rice Research Center Chiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand

The aroma of fragrant rice is one of the grain quality attributes that significantly influenceconsumer preferences and prices in world markets. The volatile compound 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) isrecognized as a key component of the aroma in fragrant rice. The variation in grain 2AP content amongvarious fragrant rice varieties is associated with the expression of the badh2 gene, with 19 alleles havingbeen identified so far. The grain 2AP content is strongly influenced by environmental and managementfactors during cultivation as well as post-harvest conditions. This review pinpointed the major abiotic andbiotic factors that control grain 2AP content. Abiotic factors refer to water, temperature, light quality,fertilizer application (both macro- and micro-nutrients), and soil properties, including salinity, while bioticfactors include microorganisms that produce aromatic compounds, thus influencing the grain aroma infragrant rice. Post-harvest management, including storage and drying conditions, can significantly impactthe grain 2AP content, and proper post-harvest conditions can intensify the grain aroma. This reviewsuggests that there are rice varieties that can serve as potential sources of genetic material for breedingrice varieties with high grain aroma content. It offers an overview of recent research on the major factorsaffecting the aroma content in fragrant rice. This knowledge will facilitate further research on theproduction of high-quality rice to meet the demands of farmers and consumers.

关键词： aromatic rice 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline abiotic stress biotic stress post-harvest management

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Exercise training mode effects on myokine expression in healthy adults:A systematic review with meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 764-779页

作者： Francesco Bettariga Dennis R.Taaffe Daniel A.Galvao Pedro Lopez Chris Bishop Anna Maria Markarian Valentina natalucci Jin-Soo Kim Robert u.newton Exercise Medicine Research Institute Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia School of Medical and Health Sciences Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia Pleural Medicine unit Institute for Respiratory HealthPerthWA 6009Australia Medical School Faculty of Health&Medical SciencesUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia Grupo de Pesquisa em Exercicio para Populacoes Clinicas(GPCLIn) Universidade de Caxias do SulCaxias do SulRio Grande do Sul 95070-560Brazil London Sport Institute School of Science and TechnologyMiddlesex UniversityLondonNW44BTUK Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation University of MilanMilan 20133Italy School of Human Movement and nutrition Sciences University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQLD 4072Australia

Background:The benefits of exercise are well known;however,many of the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully *** muscle secretes myokines,which mediate muscleorgan *** regulate satellite-cell proliferation and migration,inflammatory cascade,insulin secretion,angiogenesis,fatty oxidation,and cancer *** date,the effects of different exercise modes(namely,aerobic and resistance exercise)on myokine response remain to be *** is crucial considering the clinical implementation of exercise to enhance general health and wellbeing and as a medical ***:A systematic search was undertaken in PubMed,MEDLInE,CInAHL,Embase,SPORTDiscus,andWeb of Science in April *** studies examining the effects of a single bout of exercise on interleukin15(IL-15),irisin,secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine(SPARC),oncostatinM(OSM),and decorin were included.A random-effects meta-analysis was also undertaken to quantify the magnitude of ***:Sixty-two studies were included(n=1193).Overall,exercise appeared to induce small to large increases in myokine expression,with effects observed immediately after to 60 min post-exercise,although these were mostly not statistically *** aerobic and resistance exercise resulted in changes in myokine levels,without any significant difference between training modes,and with the magnitude of change differing across *** levels returned to baseline levels within 180 min to 24 h ***,owing to potential sources of heterogeneity,most changes were not statistically significant,indicating that precise conclusions cannot be ***:Knowledge is limited but expanding with respect to the impact of overall and specific effects of exercise on myokine expression at different time points in the systemic *** research is required to investigate the effects of different exercise modes at multiple time points on myok

关键词： Myokine Resistance exercise Aerobic exercise Cytokine Systemic circulation

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