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Understanding association between methylene blue dye and biosorbent: Palmyrah sprout casing in adsorption process in aqueous phase

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Water Science and Engineering 2023年第2期16卷 154-164页

作者： D.M.n.H.Jayasuriya Kannan nadarajah Department of Agricultural Engineering Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of JaffnaAriviyal NagarKilinochchi 44000Sri Lanka

Water pollution caused by industrial dyes has become a severe problem in the modern world. Biosorbents can be used in an eco-friendly manner to remove industrial dyes. In this study, five biosorbents were selected: palmyrah sprout casing (PSC), manioc peel, lime peel, king coconut husk, and coconut kernel. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to identify the best biosorbent with the highest ability to adsorb methylene blue (MB) from wastewater. The detailed mechanisms of PSC used in the adsorptive removal of MB in aqueous phase were investigated. Of the five biosorbents, PSC exhibited the best removal performance with an adsorption capacity at equilibrium (qe) of 27.67 mg/g. The qe values of lime peel, king coconut husk, manioc peel, and coconut kernel were 24.25 mg/g, 15.29 mg/g, 10.84 mg/g, and 7.06 mg/g, respectively. To explain the mechanisms of MB adsorption with the selected biosorbents, the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were performed to characterize functional properties, and isotherm, kinetic, rate-limiting, and thermodynamic analyses were conducted. The FTIR analysis revealed that different biosorbents had different functional properties on their adsorptive surfaces. The FTIR and XRD results obtained before and after MB adsorption with PSC indicated that the surface functional groups of carbonyl and hydroxyl actively participated in the removal process. According to the isotherm analysis, monolayer adsorption was observed with the Langmuir model with a determination coefficient of 0.998. The duration to reach the maximum adsorption capacity for MB adsorption with PSC was 120 min, and the adsorption process was exothermic due to the negative enthalpy change (-9.950 kJ/mol). Moreover, the boundary layer thickness and intraparticle diffusion were the rate-limiting factors in the adsorption process. As a new biosorbent for MB adsorption, PSC could be used in activated carbon production to enhance the

关键词： Biosorbents Isotherm Kinetics Methylene blue Rate-limiting factor Thermodynamics

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Biochar Based Inoculants Improve Soybean Growth and nodulation

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Agricultural Sciences 2017年第9期8卷 1048-1064页

作者： Martyna Glodowska Timothy Schwinghamer Barry husk Donald Smith Department of Plant Science McGill UniversityMacdonald CampusSainte-Anne-de-BellevueCanada BlueLeaf Inc. DrummondvilleCanada

Most rhizobial inoculants that stimulate legume yield are applied with carriers that enhance root contact. The physicochemical properties of biochar are suitable for microbial growth, and it could be an alternative to peat, which comes from decreasing reserves but is the commonest solid inoculant carrier. The aim of the current research was to evaluate biochars as carriers of bradyrhizobia in solid inoculant and as coatings for seeds. Biochars and peat were inoculated with Bradyrhizobium japonicum strain 532C and storage time was assessed. A seed coating system was developed using biochar, bacteria liquid culture, water, and guar gum. The viability of bacteria in the coating and in solid biochar was evaluated at 4°C and 21°C. Two biochars were selected for a germination assay. Finally, greenhouse experimentation investigated the effect of biochar inoculant and seed coating on soybean growth and nutrient uptake. The storage time experiment showed that not all biochars equally sustain bacteria survival over time. The germination assay demonstrated that biochar seed coating had no effect on soybean germination. Greenhouse experimentation indicated that the effect of Pyrovac biochar on soybean growth characteristics and nutrient uptake depended on the fertilizer. The main finding was that biochar solid inoculant positively affected plant growth metrics, root characteristics, and the chemical composition of plants supplied with n-free nutrient solution.

关键词： Biochar Bradyrhizobium japonicum Glycine max Inoculant Carrier n-Fixation

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Assessment of deterioration in RHA-concrete due to magnesium sulphate attack

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2010年第6期17卷 691-696页

作者： G.A. Habeeb H.B. Mahmud n.B.A.A. Hamid Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Malaya

The assessment of magnesium sulphate attack on concretes containing rice husk ash （RHA, 20wt% of the cementitious materials） with various average particle sizes was investigated. The total cementitious materials were 390 kg and the water-to-binder ratio （W/B） was 0.53 for all mixtures. Specimens were initially cured in water for 7 d and then immersed in the 3wt% magnesium sulphate solution for up to 111 d of exposure. The specimens were subjected to drying-wetting cycles to accelerate sulphate attack. In addition to the visual monitoring of the specimens, the concrete specimens were subsequently tested for compressive strength, dynamic modulus of elasticity, and length and mass changes. The results show that the specimens exposed to sulphate attack exhibit higher strength and dynamic modulus than those kept in water. The length change is negligible and can be attributed to the normal swelling of concrete. On the other hand, concretes suffers mass loss and surface spalling and softening; the fine RHA-concrete results in a better resistance. For the accelerated sulphate attack method used in this study, mass change and visual monitoring are recommended for assessing the deterioration degree and the effectiveness of supplementary cementitious materials to resist sulphate attack.

关键词： concretes pozzolan ettringite rice husk ash (RHA) magnesium sulphate

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Rice husk Templated Mesoporous ZnO nanostructures for Ethanol Sensing at Room Temperature

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Chinese Physics Letters 2015年第7期32卷 202-205页

作者： M. Chitra K. Uthayarani n. Raj asekaran n. neelakandeswari E. K. Girija D. Pathinettam Padiyan Department of Physics Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College Coimbatore 641022 India Department of Chemistry Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College Coimbatore 641022 India Department of Physics Periyar University Salem 636011 India Department of Physics Manonmaniam Sundaranar University Abhishekapatti Tirunelveli 627012 lndia

Mesoporous zinc oxide nanostructures are successfully synthesized via the sol-gel route by using a rice husk as the template for ethanol sensing at room temperature. The structure and morphology of the nanostructures are characterized by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption analyses. The mechanism for the growth of zinc oxide nanostructures over the biotemplate is proposed. SEM and TEM observations also reveal the formation of spherical zinc oxide nanoparticles over the interwoven fibrous network. Multiple sized pores having pore diameter ranging from 10- 4Ohm is also evidenced from the pore size distribution plot. The larger surface area and porous nature of the material lead to high sensitivity （40.93% for 300 ppm of ethanol）, quick response （42s） and recovery （40 s） towards ethanol at 30014. The porous nature of the interwoven fibre-like network affords mass transportation of ethanol vapor, which results in faster surface accessibility, and hence it acts as a potential candidate for ethanol sensing at room temperature.

关键词： ZnO Rice husk Templated Mesoporous ZnO nanostructures for Ethanol Sensing at Room Temperature

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Potential aspect of rice husk biomass in Australia for nanocrystalline cellulose production

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第3期26卷 465-476页

作者： Md.Sakinul Islam nhol Kao Sati n.Bhattacharya Rahul Gupta Hyoung Jin Choi Department of Chemical Engineering School of Engineering RMIT University Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Inha University

nanocrystalline cellulose(nCC) was produced from rice husk biomass(Oryza sativa) by a chemical extraction process to explore the potential aspect of agro-waste biomass in Australia. In this work, the delignified rice husk pulp(D-RHP) was produced by alkaline delignification of raw rice husk biomass(R-RHB) using 4 mol·L^(-1) alkali solutions(na OH) in a jacketed glass reactor under specific experimental conditions. D-RHP was bleached using 15% sodium hypochlorite, and the bleached rice husk pulp was coded as B-RHP. Finally,raw suspension of nCC was produced by the acid hydrolysis of B-RHP using 4 mol·L^(-1) sulphuric acid. The raw suspension of nCC was neutralized by a buffer solution and analyzed by TAPPI, FT-IR, XRD, SEM, AFM, and TEM. FT-IR spectra of nCC are different to R-RHB but similar with B-RHP and D-RHP. From XRD results, the crystallinity of nCC was found to be approximately 65%. In AFM analysis particle thicknesses have been confirmed to be in the range of(25 ± 15.14) nm or(27 ± 15.14) nm which is almost the same. From TEM analysis particle dimensions have been confirmed to be in the range of(50 ± 29.38) nm width and(550 ± 302.75) nm length with the aspect ratio ~ 11:1(length/diameter) at a 500 nm scale bar. On the other hand, at a 200 nm scale bar the particle dimensions have been confirmed to be in the range of(35 ± 17) nm width and(275 ± 151.38)nm length with the aspect ratio ~ 8:1. The aspect ratio of individual crystalline domain was determined in TEM analysis which is 10:1(100/10). Therefore the aspect ratios and dimensions of nanoparticles in nCC suspension are almost the same and in nano-meter scale, as confirmed from both AFM and TEM results. The yield of nCC from B-RHP was found to be approximately 95%, and the recovery of cellulose from R-RHB is about 90%.

关键词： nanocrystalline cellulose Rice husk Agro-waste biomass Delignification Bleaching Acid hydrolysis

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Thermodynamic analysis, synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride: Study of its effect on pretreated rice husk

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中国化学工程学报:英文版 2023年第8期60卷 143-154页

作者： Eileen Katherine Coronado-Aldana Cindy Lizeth Ferreira-Salazar nubia Yineth Piñeros-Castro Rubén Vázquez-Medina Felipe A.Perdomo Universidad de BogotáJorge Tadeo Lozano Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IngenieríaCra.422-61CundinamarcaBogotáColombia Instituto Politecnico nacional CICATA QueretaroCerro Blanco 141Colinas del Cimatario76090 QueretaroMexico School of Engineering University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH93FBUnited Kingdom

This work is focused on the determination of the optimal reaction conditions to synthesize the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride([EMIM][Cl]) and assess its suitability for the pretreatment of rice husk. The modified UnIFAC(UnIversal quasi-chemical Functional-group Activity Coefficients)approach for ionic liquids is used to develop a thermodynamic model that describes the reactive system methylimidazole(MIM), chloroethane(C_(2)H_(5)Cl) and [EMIM][Cl]. The model allows to study the phase equilibria coexistence(vapor–liquid equilibria and solid–liquid equilibria) and yields the theoretically optimal conditions to synthesize the ionic liquid. The model predictions are validated with the available experimental and reported data. By implementing the developed model, a simple way to synthesize ionic liquid [EMIM][Cl] was found allowing to study its influence on the structure and morphology of pretreated rice husk. The lignocellulosic materials involved in this study are characterized by their composition, enzymatic digestibility, scanning electron microscopy, and crystallinity. Compared to untreated material, [EMIM][Cl]-pretreated rice husk produces cellulose that can be efficiently enzymatic hydrolyzed with high sugar yields. This work offers a suitable methodology to include the synthesis and thermodynamics of the solvent media within the design of low-cost ionic liquids for lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment.

关键词： Ionic liquids Fluid-phase equilibria Thermodynamics Waste treatment UnIFAC approach

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Effects of moisture content and feed rate on milling characteristics of wild apricot pits (Prunus armeniaca L.)

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2014年第1期7卷 103-110页

作者： A.E.Kate U.C.Lohani n.C.Shahi J.P.Pandey A.Sarkar Khan Chand Department of Post Harvest Process&Food Engineering College of TechnologyG.B.Pant University of Agriculture and TechnologyPantnagarU.S.Nagar(Uttarakhand)-263145India Department of agricultural and Biological Engineering South Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSD 57006USA

Milling with decortication of wild apricot pits was done in wild apricot pit decorticator working on the principle of“impact and compression”.The milling characteristics includes decortication efficiency,percentage of husk,percentage of broken kernels and output capacity was evaluated at the different levels of moisture content,i.e.,8%,10%,12%,14%and 16%(w.b.)and feed rates,i.e.,12 g/stroke,14 g/stroke,16 g/stroke,18 g/stroke and 20 g/*** moisture content as well as feed rate significantly(Pn efficiency,percentage of husk as well as brokens and output *** efficiency was initially increased and then decreased and opposite nature was found for the percentage of *** percentage of broken kernels and output capacity decreases with the increase in moisture content,while output capacity increases with the increase in feed rate and brokens decreases with the increase in feed rate of wild apricot pits.

关键词： wild apricot pit milling characteristics decortication efficiency moisture content husk percentage broken percentage output capacity

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SBA-16负载金属氧化物催化剂合成、表征及催化CO氧化反应活性（英文）

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催化学报 2015年第8期36卷 1237-1241页

作者： n.K.Renuka K.Anas C.U.Aniz 卡利卡特大学化学系印度南方化学公司研发部

将V2O5,CeO2和CuO分散到提取自稻米壳的SBA-16上,考察了其催化CO氧化反应活性,并采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜、程序升温还原和紫外漫反射光谱对所制催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,掺杂CuO的介孔氧化硅是一种有前景的催化剂,其CO转... 详细信息

将V2O5,CeO2和CuO分散到提取自稻米壳的SBA-16上,考察了其催化CO氧化反应活性,并采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜、程序升温还原和紫外漫反射光谱对所制催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,掺杂CuO的介孔氧化硅是一种有前景的催化剂,其CO转化率可达98%以上.

关键词：稻米壳灰介孔氧化硅 SBA-16 金属氧化物催化剂一氧化碳氧化

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Extension of rice husk gasification technology for electricity generation in Cambodia

Extension of rice husk gasification technology for electrici...

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2011 2nd International Conference on Advances in Energy Engineering(ICAEE)

作者： Orkide Akgün Jyrki Luukkanen Finland Futures Research Centre University of Turku

Reliable and affordable electricity is one of the biggest problems in *** 24%of the population has an access to electricity while the others suffer from insufficient electricity *** paper shows the current situation in Cambodian electricity facilities and offers rice husk gasification systems as an option for electricity *** this paper rice husk gasification system has been inspired by Batt Daeng Electrification Company in Kampoung Speu province in *** idea of the study focuses on the extension of biomass gasification technology and calculates the potential of using all rice husk produced in a year in *** rice husk produced in 2007 has a potential to generate about 1377 GWh electricity yearly in a gasification system similar to one Batt Daeng Electricity Company *** amount of electricity is comparable with the total electricity consumption in the same year.

关键词： Rice husk Gasification Electricity in Cambodia Cambodia

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novel Activated Carbon Monoliths for Methane Adsorption Obtained from Coffee husks

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2011年第5期2卷 331-339页

作者： Liliana Giraldo Juan Carlos Moreno-Piraján 不详

Methane adsorption by different forms of activated carbon obtained from coffee husks, including monolith honeycomb and disc types, was studied by activation with zinc salts and potassium hydroxide at 298.15 K and 303.15 K and pressures up to 30.00 atm in a volumetric adsorption apparatus. We observed increased methane adsorption capacity on a mass basis in the different activated carbon monoliths with increasing surface area, total pore volume and micropore volume, with the honeycomb type displaying the highest methane absorption capacity. The maximum volumetric methane uptake by the synthesised carbon monoliths was observed to be 130 V/V at 298.15 K and 30.00 atm for honeycomb monoliths synthesised with zinc chloride (ZnCl2) and Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the binder. Adsorption calorimetry results were used to describe the interaction between guest molecules and the adsorbent at low surface coverage and the energetic heterogeneous surface nature of the adsorbent.

关键词： Coffee husk Activated Carbon Isotherm Adsorption Carbon Monolith Methane Adsorption Isosteric Heat of Adsorption SEM

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