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Validation of the TOPAS Monte-Carlo Code of the Off-Field Dose of a 6 MV Synergy Linac

Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第7期12卷 38-54页

作者： Kodjo Joel Fabrice n’guessan Ibrahima Sakho Bogbé D. L. H. Gogon Department of Physics and Chemistry Faculty of Sciences and Technology Iba Der Thiam University of This This Senegal International Cancer Center of Dakar Dakar Senegal Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences and Technology Flix Houphouet Boigny University of Abidjan Abidjan Cte dIvoire

The risk of radiation-induced second cancer and the late tissue loss due to Off-field doses in radiotherapy remain a serious concern. Monte Carlo (MC) simulation is currently one of the most accurate methods for calculating these doses. MC simulation model based on the Particle Simulation Tool (TOPAS) has been developed to simulate the off-field dose of an Elekta Synergy linear accelerator (Linac) emitting 6 MV photons. Measurements were taken in a water phantom using an ionization chamber to validate this model. The Percentage Depth Dose (PDD) at the depth of 0.0, 5.0, 10.0 and 15.0 cm from the beam axis for a 10 × 10 cm2 field size was measured and simulated. Off-field dose profiles at the depth of 1.5 (dmax), 5.0 and 10.0 cm for field sizes of 5 × 5, 10 × 10, 15 × 15, and 20 × 20 cm2 respectively were measured and simulated. Comparison of measured and simulated off-field dose values showed a good agreement. The average gamma passing rate of the PDDs and profiles curves for off-field doses were 87.5% and 98.11% respectively. The local dose difference based on the PDD curve between the measured and simulated was less than 6.0 % for all locations. For all field size considered in this study, the average difference between profile curves for off-field dose measured and simulated was 9.1%. PDDs and Profiles curves for off-field dose simulation uncertainties were less than 2.0% and 1.0% respectively. TOPAS-MC simulation model developed is a good representation of our 6 MV Linac Elekta Synergy for assessing off-field dose, which would be the primary cause of some secondary cancers.

关键词： Radiotherapy Off-Field Dose Secondary Cancer TOPAS-MC Simulation Dosimetry

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Comparative study of univariate and multivariate strategy for short-term forecasting of heat demand density:Exploring single and hybrid deep learning models

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Energy and AI 2024年第2期16卷 53-68页

作者： Sajad Salehi Miroslava Kavgic Hossein Bonakdari luc Begnoche Civil Engineering Department University of Ottawa161 Louis PasteurOttawaON K1N 6N5Canada Advisors Inc 525-38 Place du CommerceMontrealQC H3E 1TBCanada

Accurate short-term forecasting of heating energy demand is needed for achieving optimal building energy management,cost savings,environmental sustainability,and responsible energy ***,short-term heating energy prediction contributes to zero-energy building performance in cold *** the critical importance of short-term forecasting in heating energy management,this study evaluated six prevalent deep-learning algorithms to predict energy load,including single and hybrid *** overall best-performing predictors were hybrid models using Convolutional neural networks,regardless of whether they were multivariate or ***,while the multivariate models performed better in the first hour,the univariate models often were more accurate in the final 24 ***,the best-performing predictor of the first timestep was a multivariate hybrid Convolutional neural network–Recurrent neural network model with a coefficient of determination(R^(2))of 0.98 and the lowest mean absolute ***,the best-performing predictor of the final timestep was the univariate hybrid model Convolutional neural network–Long Short-Term Memory with an R^(2)of ***,the prediction accuracy of the best-performing multivariate hybrid models reduced faster per hour compared to the univariate *** findings suggest that multivariate models may be better suited for early timestep predictions,while univariate models may be better suited for later time ***,combining the models can enhance accuracy at various timesteps for achieving high fidelity in forecasting and offering a comprehensive tool for energy management.

关键词： Short-term heat demand forecasting Multiple-step output strategy Deep learning Cold climates Commercial buildings

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tRnA^(Glu)-derived fragments from embryonic extracellular vesicles modulate bovine embryo hatching

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1559-1566页

作者： Yuan Fan Krishna Chaitanya Pavani Katrien Smits Ann Van Soom luc Peelman Department of Veterinary and Biosciences Faculty of Veterinary MedicineGhent UniversityHeidestraat 199820 MerelbekeBelgium Department of Internal Medicine Reproduction and Population MedicineFaculty of Veterinary MedicineGhent UniversitySalisburylaan 1339820 MerelbekeBelgium Department for Reproductive Medicine Ghent University HospitalCorneel Heymanslaan 109000 GhentBelgium

Transfer RnA-derived small RnAs(tsRnAs)have been shown to be involved in early embryo development and repression of endogenous retroelements in embryos and stem ***,it is unknown whether tsRnAs also regulate embryo *** this study,we mined the sequencing data of a previous experiment in which we demonstrated that the microRnA(miRnA)cargo of preimplantation embryonic extracellular vesicles(EVs)influences embryo *** thus profiled the tsRnA cargo of EVs secreted by blastocysts and *** majority of tsRnAs was identified as tRnA halves originating from the 5'ends of *** the 148 differentially expressed tsRnAs,the 19 nt tRnA fragment(tRF)tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 was found to be significantly up-regulated in EVs derived from ***-qPCR assays confirmed its significant up-regulation in non-blastocyst embryos and their conditioned medium compared to the blastocyst group(Pnhibition of tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 by supplementing antagomirs to the conditioned medium improved embryo hatching(Pnscriptomic analysis of embryos treated with tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 antagomirs further showed differential expression of genes that are associated with embryo hatching and *** summary,tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 is up-regulated in non-blastocyst embryos and their secretions,and inhibition of tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 promotes embryo hatching,while influencing embryo implantation-related genes and *** results indicate that embryonic EVs containing specific tRFs may regulate preimplantation embryo development.

关键词： Embryo Extracellular vesicles Hatching tRnA fragments ts RnAs

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Geochemical Analysis of Albian-Maastrichtian Formations in the Offshore Basin of the Abidjan Margin: Rock-Eval Pyrolysis Study

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第8期14卷 805-822页

作者： n’guessan Donald Ahoure Blandine Akissi Egoran Guy Richard n’Dri Kouadio Zokagon Sylvain Sehi Emmanuelle Laure Oura Zéli Bruno Digbehi UFR of Sciences and Technologies Alassane Ouattara Bouak Laboratory of Plant Biology and Earth Sciences Bouak Cte dIvoire UFR Marine Sciences San Pedro University San Pedro Cte dIvoire PETROCI Geochimistry Department at the Center for Analysis and Research Abidjan Cte dIvoire UFR/STRM Felix Houphout Boigny University of Abidjan Abidjan Cte dIvoire

The Albian-Maastrichtian interval of the Ivorian sedimentary basin has been the subject of numerous sedimentological, biostratigraphic, and geophysical studies. However, its geochemical characteristics remain relatively unexplored. This study aims to determine the oil potential and the nature of the organic matter it contains. It focuses on the geochemical analysis (physicochemical method) of two oil wells located in the offshore sedimentary basin of Côte d’Ivoire, specifically in the Abidjan margin. A total of 154 cuttings samples from wells TMH-1X and TMH-2X were analyzed to determine their oil potential and the nature of the organic matter (OM) they contain. The analyses were performed using Rock-Eval pyrolysis, a method that characterizes the amount of hydrocarbons generated by the organic matter present in the rocks. The key parameters measured include Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Hydrogen Index (HI), oil potential (S2), and maximum pyrolysis temperature (Tmax). These parameters are used to assess the amount of organic matter, its thermal maturity, and its potential to generate hydrocarbons in the studied wells. The results show significant variations between different stratigraphic levels. In well TMH-1X, the Cenomanian and Campanian intervals stand out with very good quantities of organic matter (OM) with good oil potential, although often immature. In contrast, other stages such as the Albian and Turonian contain organic matter in moderate to low quantities, often immature and of continental type, which limits their capacity to generate hydrocarbons. In well TMH-2X, a similar trend is observed. Despite an abundance of organic matter, the oil potential remains low in most of the studied stages. The organic matter is primarily of type III (continental origin) and thermally immature, indicating a low potential for hydrocarbon generation. The study reveals that, although some intervals exhibit high-quality organic matter, the majority of the samples show insuffic

关键词： Geochemistry Rock-Eval Pyrolysis Upper Senonian Petroleum Potential Côte d’Ivoire

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Optimization of Biofuel Formulation by Mixture Design

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2024年第1期14卷 48-56页

作者： Konan Edmond Kouassi Abollé Abollé Kouamé Olivier-Marc Kouakou David Boa n’guessan Raymond Kré Kouassi Benjamin Yao Laboratory of Thermodynamics and Physical Chemistry of the Environment (LTPCM) UFR-SFA University of Nangui ABROGOUA Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Physics (LPFA) UFR-SFA University of Nangui ABROGOUA Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Laboratory of Industrial Processes for the Synthesis of the Environment and new Energies (LAPISEn) of the Félix Houphouë t Boigny National Polytechnic Institute Yamoussoukro C&#244te d’Ivoire

With the full growth of energy needs in the world, several studies are now focused on finding renewable sources. The aim of this work is to optimise biofuel formulation from a mixture design by studying physical properties, such as specific gravity and kinematic viscosity of various formulated mixtures. Optimization from the mixture plan revealed that in the chosen experimental domain, the optimal conditions are: 40% for used frying oil (UFO), 50% for bioethanol and 10% for diesel. These experimental conditions lead to a biofuel with a density of 0.84 and a kinematic viscosity of 2.97 cSt. These parameters are compliant with the diesel quality certificate in tropical areas. These density and viscosity values were determined according to respective desirability values of 0.68 and 0.75.

关键词： Biofuel Optimization Mixture Design

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Cardiac Tolerance of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Bark of Terminalia mantaly H. Perrier (HAEBTM) in Wistar Rats

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2024年第3期14卷 126-137页

作者： Irié Lou Bohila Emilie Kamo Kouakou Serge Kouassi Virginie Atto Allico Joseph Djaman Jean David n’guessan Mireille Dosso Department of Microbiology Institut Pasteur of Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire Biology and Health Laboratory Flix Houphout-Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire Department of Medical and Fundamental Biochemistry Institut Pasteur of Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire

Terminalia mantaly H. Perrier is a plant used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various pathologies. However, Terminalia mantaly H. Perrier could present potential health effects on patients. In order to determine the possible cardiotoxic effects of the hydro-alcoholic extract of the bark of Terminalia mantaly H. Perrier, (HAEBTM) forty (40) rats distributed randomly into 4 groups, including 10 animals per group (5 males and 5 females) were used. Animals in group 1 received distilled water and were used as a control group. On the other hand, groups 2, 3, 4 received oral administration a volume of the hydroalcoholic extract of Terminalia mantaly H. Perrier corresponding to 1 mL/100g of body weight at 150 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg, respectively. The extract was administered daily at the same time for 28 days and serum was collected once a week to evaluate cardiac biochemical markers using spectrophotometric methods using a Cobas C311 HITACHI biochemistry system. After one month of study, all rats were euthanized by overdose of ether, and the hearts of the rats were removed for gross morphological and histopathological analysis. Results were analysed using variance analysis (AnOVA) to compare outcomes as a function of doses administered and treatment times. The biochemical parameters ALT, LDH, CPK, CPKMB showed no significant change (p Terminalia mantaly showed no lesions, edema and necrosis. These results suggest that the hydroalcoholic extract of Terminalia mantaly did not interfere with the functioning or alter the integrity of the heart.

关键词： Terminalia mantaly Bio Cardiac Tolerance Biochemical Markers Histopathology

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Using Optical Tweezers to Study the Friction of the Red Blood Cells

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 100-111页

作者： Edoukoua Jean Michel Konin Pavel Yale Abadê Ange-Boris n’guessan Kouassi Benoit Kouakou Abaka Michel Kouacou Eugene Megnassan Département des Sciences et Techniques Université Alassane Ouattara Bouaké C&#244te d’Ivoire Laboratoire d’Instrumentation Image et Spectroscopie (L2IS) Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphou&#235t-Boigny (INPHB) Yamoussoukro C&#244te d’Ivoire Classes préparatoires aux grandes Ecoles Université de San Pedro San Pedro C&#244te d’Ivoire Laboratoire de Physique Fondamentale et Appliquée Université Nangui Abrogoua (UNA) Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

In the last two decades the study of red blood cell elasticity using optical tweezers has known a rise appearing in the scientific research with regard to the various works carried out. Despite the various work done, no study has been done so far to study the influence of friction on the red blood cell indentation response using optical tweezers. In this study, we have developed a new approach to determine the coefficient of friction as well as the frictional forces of the red blood cell. This approach therefore allowed us to simultaneously carry out the indentation and traction test, which allowed us to extract the interfacial properties of the microbead red blood cell couple, among other things, the friction coefficient. This property would be extremely important to investigate the survival and mechanical features of cells, which will be of great physiological and pathological significance. But taking into account the hypothesis of friction as defined by the isotropic Coulomb law. The experiment performed for this purpose is the Brinell Hardness Test (DB).

关键词： Friction Indentation Optical Tweezers Tribology Red Blood Cells

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Assessment of the Drafting Quality of Request Forms Submitted to the Malaria and Parasitology Units at the Institut Pasteur de Cote d’Ivoire

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第5期12卷 330-339页

作者： Yao Serge-Stéphane Ako Ako Bérenger Aristide Sylvain Beourou Ouattara Yacouba n’guessan Tiacoh Landry n’Dri Kouadio Thierry-Borel Toure André Offianan Malaria Unit Institut Pasteur de Cote d&#8217Ivoire Abidjan Cote d&#8217Ivoire Parasitology Unit Institut Pasteur de Cote d&#8217Ivoire Abidjan Cote d&#8217Ivoire

Biological tests provide information on the medical analysis requested by both the patient and the prescriber. It is a communication link between the prescriber and the laboratory staff. The lack of some information on request forms not only affects the drafting quality of the test and patient care, but could also make thousands of data produced by healthcare centers unusable. The aim of this study was to assess the drafting quality of request forms submitted to the Malaria and Parasitology Units at the Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire. Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study to assess the drafting quality of request forms of various prescribers received at the Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire. This study was conducted at the Malaria and Parasitology Units, department of Parasitology and Mycology (Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire), from 6th December 2020 to 6th December 2021. The information on each request forms was recorded on a data collection form designed for this purpose. Each data collection form corresponds to a request forms and each test to a patient. Results: Out of a total of 1990 request forms received, the patient’s age and sex were missing on 18% and 26.8% of the tests respectively. More than half (51.80%) of request forms did not indicate the patient’s place of residence. Clinical information was not provided on 45.90% of the tests. Prescribers omitting their signatures were 51%, stamps were 50.3% and contacts were 71.2%. Only 5.4% of request forms were of good drafting quality. Providing all the required information on the forms could facilitate the use and analysis of data and samples.

关键词： Laboratory Quality Request Forms Information

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Human Eosinophil Cell Manipulation by Optical Tweezers

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2024年第3期14卷 330-338页

作者： Pavel Yale Jean Michel Edoukoua Konin Abadê Ange-Boris n’guessan Michel Abaka Kouacou Jérémie T. Zoueu Laboratoire dInstrumentation Image et Spectroscopie (L2IS) Institut National Polytechnique Houphout-Boigny (INPHB) Yamoussoukro Cte dIvoire Laboratoire de Chimie et de Physique Appliques Sciences et Techniques Universit Alassane Ouattara Bouak Cte dIvoire

In this work, lateral deformation of human eosinophil cell during the lateral indentation by an optically trapped microbead of diameter 4.5 µm is studied. The images were captured using a CCD camera and the Boltzmann statistics method was used for force calibration. Using the Hertz model, we calculated and compared the elastic moduli resulting from the lateral force, showing that the differences are important and the force should be considered. Besides the lateral component, the setup also allows us to examine the lateral cell-bead interaction. The mean values of the properties obtained, in particular the elastic stiffness and the shear stiffness, were Eh = (37.76 ± 2.85) µn/m and Gh = (12.57 ± 0.32) µn/m. These results show that the lateral indentation can therefore be used as a routine method for cell study, because it enabled us to manipulate the cell without contact with the laser.

关键词： Optical Tweezers Human Eosinophil Cell Indentation Shear Stiffness

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Multi-Scale Approach for Gold Targeting in Côte d’Ivoire Paleoproterozoic Rocks

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第2期14卷 155-176页

作者： Martial Pohn Koffi Adingra Yao Augustin Koffi n’guessan nestor Houssou Zié Ouattara Tokpa Kakeu Lionel-Dimitri Boya Marc Ephrem Allialy Training and Research Unit in Earth Sciences and Mineral Resources Laboratory of Geology Mineral and Energy Resources University Felix HOUPHOU&#203T-BOIGNY Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Training and Research Unit in Geological Sciences and Mining Department of Geology and Material Man University Man C&#244te d’Ivoire

The aim of this study is to contribute to better targeting of gold prospecting areas using geospatial information. To this end, 3 mining sites were selected for the study. They are: the Sénoufo belt (Barrick Gold mine), the Yaouré complex (Perseus Mining mine) and the South Fetêkro belt (Bonikro, Hiré and Agbaou mines). For this study, a multi-scale approach was carried out at regional, mine and microscopic levels. At the regional scale, a comparative analysis of 1:200,000 scale geological maps revealed that 3 main lithologies are regularly repeated on and around the various mining sites. These are: undifferentiated volcanics, metagranodiorites and metasiltites dominated by meta-arenites. Most of these lithologies are affected by undifferentiated faults generally oriented nE-SW, n-S, EnE-WSW and WnW-ESE. In addition, gold and manganese occurrences are present on all the sites studied. At the mine scale, radarsat-1 images processing indicate that the main mining sites are generally located near or at the intersection of lineaments-oriented nE-SW or n-S on the one hand and E-W or EnE-WSW or WnW-ESE or again nW-SE on the other. These mines are also located at the interface between zones of high and low lineament density. At the microscopic scale, petrographic studies of undifferentiated volcanic samples from the various sites indicate that they consist of andesites, meta-andesites and tuffs.

关键词： Gold Targeting Undifferentiated Volcanics Mineral Occurrences Lineaments Côte d’Ivoire

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