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Risk Factors for neonatal Mortality at the Institute of nutrition and Child Health of the Donka/Guinea-Conakry national Hospital

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 327-337页

作者： Bangoura Mmah Aminata Kolié Ouo Ouo Camara Salématou Hassimiou baldé Mariama Bangoura Kaba Diop Mamadou Moustapha Camara Emmanuel Diallo Fatoumata Binta Doukouré Mamadou Aliou Mamadou Mouctar Sow Bémy Pé néabey Institut de nutrition et de Santé de l’Enfant Conakry Guinea Service de Pédiatrie Hô pital National Donka Conakry Guinea Service de Pédiatrie Hô pital National d’Ignace Deen Conakry Guinea

Introduction: The birth of a baby is a moment of joy and celebration. However, the neonatal period is a very delicate phase of life. neonatal mortality rates remain high in low-income countries. In Guinea, after 20 years, this rate has fallen from 34.2% in 1998 to 32% in 2018. Objective: To identify the main risk factors for neonatal mortality. Methods: This was an observational, analytical case-control study, lasting 6 months from January 1 to June 30, 2019, conducted at the Institut de nutrition et de la Santé de l’Enfant (InSE) at Donka national Hospital. Results: We collected 242 cases and 242 controls, i.e. a total of 484 records. 748 patients were registered, with 32.35% deaths. 82.86% of deaths occurred in the early neonatal period. Statistical analysis revealed the main risk factors: prematurity (RQ 7.39 95% CI 3.27 - 16.61 p = 0.0000003), hypothermia (RQ 2.29 95% CI 1.51 - 3.46 p = 0.0001), acute fetal distress (RQ 2.13 95% CI 1.33 - 3.43 p = 0.0016), low birth weight (QR 1.91 95% CI 1.12 - 3.24 p = 0.016), home birth (QR 3.26 95% CI 1.25 - 8.46 p = 0.015). Conclusion: neonatal mortality is a health problem in the InSE neonatology department. To reduce the mortality rate in this referral facility, it is essential to equip it and provide ongoing training for staff.

关键词： neonatal Mortality InSE Guinea-Conakry

Study of the Characteristics of Large-Diameter Iron Bars Obtained by Rolling at the ODHAV Foundry in the Republic of Guinea

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2024年第6期12卷 43-54页

作者： Alpha Issa Diallo Jean Ahmadou Kourouma Adama Moussa Sakho Younoussa Moussa baldé Mamadou Madaniou Sow Alexandre Lucien Richard Mechanical Laboratory Higher Institut of Technology of Mamou Mamou Republic of Guinea Materials Laboratory of the Gamal Abdel nasser University of Conakry Conakry Republic of Guinea Dpartment of Laboratory Technology Higher Institut of Technology of Mamou Mamou Republic of Guinea Department of Energy Science Higher Institut of Technology of Mamoun Mamou Republic of Guinea

This work consists of evaluating the quality of the mechanical parameters of large-diameter steels, i.e. 20, 25, 28 and 32, through a process of recycling scrap metal that fills garages, rubbish dumps, gutters and other abandoned sites, as well as imported concrete reinforcing steel sold in the Republic of Guinea. To carry out this important work, a number of mechanical tensile and bending tests and a microscopic analysis combining two devices, an electron microscope and a photographic camera, were carried out. The samples were taken from sampling areas in the major communes of Conakry, namely: Casse Sonfonia, Matoto and Kagbélen. The tensile strength values of the large dimensions 20, 25, 28 and 32 are given in the tables.

关键词： Recycled Scrap Large Diameter Rolling Tensile Testing Bending

Prevalence of Diabetes and Hypertension on World Diabetes Day 2022 in Guinea

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 1-6页

作者： Mamadou Dian Mamoudou Diallo Mamadou Mansour Diallo Mamadou Chérif Diallo Mamadou Alpha Diallo Alpha Mamadou Diallo Mody Abdoulaye Barry Kadija Dieng Abdoul Mazid Diallo El’Hadj Zainoul Bah Kadidiatou Bah Amatoulaye Diallo Amadou Kaké naby Moussa baldé Oumou baldé Unité de Diabétologie H&#244pital régional de Labé Labe Guinea Université de Conakry Conakry Guinea Service de Diabétologie CHU Donka Conakry Guinea Fondation de Lutte Contre le diabète et MnT Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus and hypertension are chronic diseases that are on the rise and pose a major public health problem among the priorities of healthcare systems. Objectives: Determine the prevalence of diabetes and hypertension and describe the sociodemographic characteristics of those screened. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study organized during a diabetes and hypertension screening campaign that took place in Conakry and five (05) inland regions on november 14, 2022. Results: 2050 people were screened, of whom 33.12% were housewives, the average age was 44.78 ± 16.23 years, and 55.27% were women. The screening sites were the city of Conakry 741 (36.15%), the Labé region 424 (20.68%), the n’Zérékoré region 298 (14.54%), the Faranah region 241 (11.75%), the Mamou region 210 (10.24%) and the Boké region 136 (6.63%). The prevalence of diabetes and hypertension were respectively 12.5% and 43.38% for the Boké region;6.19% and 16.19% for the Mamou region;3.02% and 21.81% for the n’Zérékoré region;31.95% and 13.69% for the Faranah region;9.67% and 20.28% for the Labé region;2.83% and 20.28% for the city of Conakry. Conclusion: Despite the limitations of the study duration, our series highlighted the high prevalence of diabetes and hypertension among people screened on World Diabetes Day 2022. Raising public awareness of a healthy lifestyle is essential for the prevention and control of diabetes and hypertension.

关键词： Prevalence Diabetes Hypertension

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Postpartum Depression: A Study Conducted in Health Centres in Dakar (Senegal)

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第1期14卷 45-66页

作者： Sokhna Seck Momar Camara Racky Wade Kane Djeynaba Bassine baldé El Hadj Makhtar Bâ Adama Koundoul Idrissa Bâ Ibrahima ndiaye Papa Lamine Faye Aida Sylla Service de psychiatrie Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire de Fann Dakar Sénégal

Introduction: Postpartum depression is the most common psychiatric disorder affecting women in the perinatal period. According to the WHO, it affects 10% - 15% of women who have just given birth. In Africa, and particularly in Senegal, epidemiological studies focusing exclusively on postpartum depression are rare or non-existent. For this reason, we conducted this screening study on postpartum depression to assess the socio-demographic characteristics and associated factors. Methods: This was a prospective cross- sectional study with descriptive and analytical aims. It was carried out in the twelve Dakar referral health centres during the period August 2021 to June 2022. Results: At the end of our survey we had recruited one hundred and twenty-two (122) participants with a PPD prevalence rate of 25.41%. The most common age group was 24 - 29 years. 40% of the participants were of Fulani ethnicity, followed by Wolof. Married women made up 93% of the sample. The school enrolment rate was 89%. Most participants were not in paid employment. Domestic violence was present in 14% of couples. 28% of mothers reported experiencing a stressful life event during their pregnancy. 22% of the women had a chronic medical condition, of which 55% had high blood pressure. 1% of the women reported a personal psychiatric history and 5% a family psychiatric history. Most women had between two and four healthy living children. The pregnancy was unwanted in 17% of cases and 12% of participants had a complication. 6% were dissatisfied with the quality of their antenatal care. The caesarean section rate was 18%. In terms of associated factors, eight factors were identified in a bivariate analysis: single marital status, lack of support from partner, domestic violence, conflict with in-laws, and the occurrence of a stressful life event during pregnancy, the presence of a personal medical history, lack of satisfaction with pregnancy follow-up, and mode of delivery by caesarean section. Conclusi

关键词： Postpartum Depression Prevalence Associated Factors Senegal

Evaluation of Surgical Treatment of Distal Humeral Fractures in Adults

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第7期14卷 287-294页

作者： Abdoulaye Camara Karinka Kéita Mamady Doukouré Abdoul Karim baldé Léopold Lamah Fatoumata Camara Alpha Mamadou Felah Diallo Ibrahima Marie Camara Mamadou Madiou Diallo Mamadou Cellou Diallo Donka University Hospital Center Conakry Republic of Guinea Ignace Deen University Hospital Center Conakry Republic of Guinea

Introduction: Fractures of the distal end of the humerus are becoming increasingly frequent in young subjects because of the increase in road traffic accidents, and in elderly subjects because of osteoporosis related to aging populations. Materials and Methods: It was a prospective, monocentric study from January 2018 to December 2020 involving 14 patients who received and were treated surgically for distal humeral fractures and followed up. Results: We collected 14 patients, including 11 men (78.57%) and 3 women (21.43%), with a sex ratio of 3.7. The mean age was 36.41 years. The circumstances of onset were dominated by road traffic accidents, with 12 cases (85.71%). The dominant side was right-handed, with 11 cases (78.57%). Standard elbow radiography revealed 8 cases of type A fractures (57.14%), 4 cases of type B and 2 cases of type C fractures of the AO. We performed Lecestre plate osteosynthesis in 12 patients and external fixator in 2 others, using the trans-olecranial and transtricipital approaches. Elbow stiffness was the most frequent complication, with 6 cases (42.86%). After six months’ follow-up, our results were excellent and good in 78.57% of cases (MEPS). Conclusion: Surgical treatment with posterior approaches enabled us to achieve restitution of the articular surfaces, solid restraint and early mobilization of the elbow with satisfactory functional results.

关键词： Fracture Distal Humerus Lecestre Plate External Fixator Trans-Olecranial Transtricipital

Design of Optical Filter Using bald Eagle Search Optimization Algorithm

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第4期36卷 1215-1226页

作者： L.Jegan Antony Marcilin n.M.nandhitha Research Scholar Department of ECESathyabama Institute of Science and TechnologyChennai600119India

Controlled thermonuclear reactors require consistent monitoring of plasma in the toroidal *** working conditions of such machines can be monitored by analyzing its *** wavelengths such as 656.3,486.1,464.7 nm are quite signiﬁcant which are used for health monitoring of thermonuclear *** optical thinﬁlmﬁlters which work on construc-tive and destructive interference are the ideal ***ﬁlters are multi-layered with a pair of high and low refractive index dielectric ***ﬁcantly high transmission index at the desired wavelength and relatively low transmission at the other wavelengths are *** this as the objective,it is necessary to design theﬁ*** optimization techniques are used for identifying the suitable design of theﬁ*** choose the parameter combination that provides the most excellent performance,optimization of the design para-meters is *** goal of this work is to improve the optical bandﬁlter using the bald eagle search optimization(BES)*** ideal design is determined by assessing several characteristics such as thickness,refractive index,Full-Width at Half-Maximum(FWHM),and the impact of choosing optical properties,which increases transmission ***,an alternate multi-layer stack with 28,30,and 32 layers is created by altering the thickness while keeping the dielectric substances high and low refractive indices *** adjusting the thickness of each layer,the BES algorithm achieves the best practical *** proposed method is implemented using MATLAB and the outcomes show the efﬁcacy of the proposed *** transmittance,reﬂectance,and FWHM using the pro-posed BES are found to be 99.9356%,0.065%,and 1.2 nm respectively.

关键词： Optical filter dielectricmaterial bandpassfilter baldeagle optimization algorithm thickness and refractive index

Obstetric Emergencies: Frequency, Socio-Demographic Aspects and Risk Factors at the Labe Regional Hospital Maternity Unit (Guinea)

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2023年第11期13卷 1849-1858页

作者： Ibrahima Conté Ibrahima Sylla Ousmane baldé Aboubacar Fodé Momo Soumah Abdourahamane baldé Oumou Hawa Bah Ibrahima Sory baldé Abdoulaye Bademba Diallo Telly Sy Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Ignace Deen National Hospital University Hospital Centre Conakry Guinea Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Donka National Hospital University Hospital Centre Conakry Guinea Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Labé Regional Hospital Labé Guinea

Introduction: Obstetric emergencies are clinical situations of a serious nature, often dangerous, which develop unexpectedly, threatening the vital prognosis of the mother and/or foetus in the short term. The aim of this study was to contribute to a review of obstetric emergencies at the Labé Regional Hospital maternity unit. Methods: This was a prospective descriptive and analytical study conducted over a period of 6 months in the maternity unit of the Labé Regional Hospital. It concerned all patients admitted to the department for obstetric emergencies. Results: Obstetric emergencies accounted for 20% of obstetric admissions. The mean age of the patients was 25.12 ± 7.15 years, with extremes of 14 and 45 years. The patients were housewives (42.52%), 42.86% did not attend school and 77.41% were from urban areas. The poor were the most numerous (43.52%). The ambulance was the means of transport in only 9% of cases. Acute foetal distress, pre-eclampsia, bony dystocia and post-partum haemorrhage were the most common types of emergency in our series, with frequencies of 27.57%, 22.59%, 17.94% and 10.63% respectively. The risk factors identified were age, origin, gestational age and the state of the maternal pelvis. Conclusion: Obstetric emergencies are frequent in our study site and represent a major concern for patients, providers and the community alike. In order to reduce the frequency of obstetric emergencies, young girls should be enrolled in school, the legal age for marriage should be respected, quality antenatal care should be provided in basic health facilities, and proper planning and spacing of pregnancies should be implemented.

关键词： Obstetric Emergencies Frequency Risk Factors Labé

Ebstein Anomaly: A Clinical Case Series among Adolescents in Guinea

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2023年第4期13卷 228-235页

作者： Mamadou Bassirou Bah Elhadj Yaya baldé Mamadou Aliou baldé Thierno Siradjo baldé Mariama Djalakhan Diallo Amadou Diouldé Doumbouya Ibrahima Sory Sylla Alpha Koné Ibrahima Sory Barry Souleymane Diakité Sana Samoura Mamadou Diallo Abdoulaye Camara Mamadou Dadhi baldé Cardiology Department Ignace Deen Hospital Conakry Guinea Cardiology Department Donka Hospital Conakry Guinea

Ebstein’s anomaly is a rare congenital heart disease. We report a series of 4 cases of Ebstein’s anomaly discovered in adolescents. The mean age was 13.75 ± 0.96, with 3 boys and one girl. Three were in heart failure. The EKG showed atrial hypertrophy (1 case), right bundle branch block (1 case), Wolff-Parkinson-White (1 case), and atrial fibrillation (1 case). Cardiomegaly was present in all patients with a mean cardiothoracic index of 0.77 ± 0.03. On echocardiography, the mean apical displacement of the tricuspid septal leaflet was 22.5 ± 3.30 mm/m2, the Celermajer index was Grade 2 in 2 patients and Grade 4 in 2 patients. Depletive medical treatment was prescribed to 3 patients. Anticoagulant therapy was initiated in one patient. Two are awaiting surgery. One death was recorded, it was at Grade 4 of the Celermajer index.

关键词： Ebstein Anomaly Adolescent Congenital Heart Disease Guinea

Takayasu Disease Revealed by Arterial Hypertension in a 47-Year-Old Man

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2023年第7期13卷 341-348页

作者： Bah Mamadou Bassirou baldé Thierno Hamidou Wann Thierno Amadou baldé Elhadj Yaya baldé Aissatou Tiguidanké Koné Alpha Doumbouya Amadou Diouldé Diallo Hafsatou Barry Ibrahima Sory Samoura Sana Diakité Souleymane Béavogui Mariam baldé Mamadou Dadhi Cardiology Department Ignace Deen Hospital Conakry Guinea Department of Imaging Ignace Deen Hospital Conakry Guinea Department of Internal Medicine Donka Hospital Conakry Guinea Cardiology Department Donka Hospital Conakry Guinea

Takayasu disease is a chronic vasculitis of the large vessels. It is rare in sub- Saharan Africa and probably under-diagnosed. Arterial hypertension (AH) is a frequent finding. We report the case of a 46-year-old man with Takayasu disease revealed by hypertension. The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria were used for diagnosis, with 4 out of 6 criteria. Echodoppler and angioscanner showed signs of left subclavian stenosis and circumferential, regular arterial thickening. He had a biological inflammatory syndrome. He was treated with prednisone and amlodipine. After 6 months of follow-up, he was diagnosed with tuberculosis and put on anti-tuberculosis treatment.

关键词： Takayasu Disease Hypertension Man