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The Phytophthora nucleolar effector Pi23226 targets host ribosome biogenesis to induce necrotrophic cell death

Plant Communications 2023年第5期4卷 263-276页

作者： Soeui Lee Jaehwan kim myung-shin kim Cheol Woo Min Sun Tae kim Sang-Bong Choi Joo Hyun Lee Doil Choi Plant Immunity Research Center Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute Department of AgricultureForestry and BioresourcesCollege of Agriculture and Life ScienceSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Programs in Agricultural Genomics College of Agriculture and Life ScienceSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Plant Bioscience Life and Industry Convergence Research InstitutePusan National UniversityMiryang 50463Republic of Korea Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics Myongji UniversityYongin 449-728Republic of Korea

Pathogen effectors target diverse subcellular organelles to manipulate the plant immune *** the nucleolus has emerged as a stress marker and several effectors are localized in the nucleolus,the roles of nucleolar-targeted effectors remain *** this study,we showed that Phytophthora infestans infection of Nicotiana benthamiana results in nucleolar inflation during the transition from the biotrophic to the necrotrophic *** *** effectors were localized in the nucleolus:Pi23226 induced cell death in *** and nucleolar inflation similar to that observed in the necrotrophic stage of infection,whereas its homolog Pi23015 and a deletion mutant(Pi23226DC)did not induce cell death or affect nucleolar *** immunoprecipitation and individual-nucleotide-resolution UV crosslinking and immunoprecipitation sequencing analysis indicated that Pi23226 bound to the 30 end of 25S rRNA precursors,resulting in accumulation of unprocessed 27S *** nucleolar stress marker NAC082 was strongly upregulated under Pi23226-expressing ***23226 subsequently inhibited global protein translation in host cells by interacting with ***23226 enhanced *** pathogenicity,indicating that Pi23226-induced ribosome malfunction and cell death were beneficial for pathogenesis in the *** results provide evidence for the molecular mechanism underlying RNA-binding effector activity in host ribosome biogenesis and lead to new insights into the nucleolar action of effectors in pathogenesis.

关键词： Phytophthora infestans hemibiotroph nucleolar effector cell death ribosome biogenesis translation inhibition

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Selection of Health Care Workers for Screening for Latent Tuberculosis Infection

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2019年第2期7卷 65-76页

作者： Jin Young Lee Ji Young Park myung shin kim Je Hun kim Jin-Young Lee Department of Internal Medicine Kosin University College of Medicine Busan Republic of Korea Department of Internal Medicine Kosin University Gospel Hospital Busan Republic of Korea Department of Internal Medicine Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine Gumi Hospital Gumi Republic of Korea Department of Infection Control Kosin University Gospel Hospital Busan Republic of Korea

Introduction: The rate of latent tuberculosis infections (LTBIs) in health care workers (HCWs) is higher than that in non-HCWs. We studied to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of LTBIs and the acceptance rate for treatment of LTBI among HCWs in South Korea, a country with an intermediate tuberculosis (TB) burden. Methodology: LTBI screening was conducted for HCWs at a tertiary and a secondary hospital from April 2017 to August 2017. This was a retrospective study included all HCWs who underwent LTBI examination. HCWs were classified by the degree of risk into four groups, based on two factors: possibility of exposure to TB, and impact on patients at the time of TB onset in the HCWs. The interferon-gamma release assay was used for the diagnosis of LTBI. Results: A total of 1326 HCWs were included;they comprised 801 HCWs from a tertiary hospital and 525 from a secondary hospital. A total of 235 (17.7%) HCWs were diagnosed with LTBIs. According to risk classification, there was no significant difference (P = 0.24). In multivariate analysis, age was the only independent risk factor (P Conclusions: HCWs did not show any significant difference in the rate of LTBI by the degree of risk, and age was the independent risk factor. LTBI screening should be conducted for all HCWs regardless of risk classification.

关键词： Health Care Workers Latent Tuberculosis Prevalence Treatment

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Analysis of Feature Importance and Interpretation for Malware Classification

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第12期65卷 1891-1904页

作者： Dong-Wook kim Gun-Yoon shin myung-Mook Han Department of Computer Engineering Gachon UniversitySungnam-si13120Korea Department of Software Gachon UniversitySungnam-si13120Korea

This study was conducted to enable prompt classification of malware,which was becoming increasingly *** do this,we analyzed the important features of malware and the relative importance of selected features according to a learning model to assess how those important features were ***,the analysis features were extracted using Cuckoo Sandbox,an open-source malware analysis tool,then the features were divided into five categories using the extracted *** 804 extracted features were reduced by 70%after selecting only the most suitable ones for malware classification using a learning model-based feature selection method called the recursive feature ***,these important features were *** level of contribution from each one was assessed by the Random Forest classifier *** results showed that System call features were mostly *** the end,it was possible to accurately identify the malware type using only 36 to 76 features for each of the four types of malware with the most analysis samples *** were the Trojan,Adware,Downloader,and Backdoor malware.

关键词： Recursive feature elimination model interpretability feature importance malware classification

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Unknown Attack Detection:Combining Relabeling and Hybrid Intrusion Detection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第9期68卷 3289-3303页

作者： Gun-Yoon shin Dong-Wook kim Sang-Soo kim myung-Mook Han Department of Computer Engineering Gachon UniversitySungnam-si13120Korea Agency for Defense Development Songpa Seoul05661Korea Department of Software Gachon UniversitySungnam-si13120Korea

Detection of unknown attacks like a zero-day attack is a research field that has long been ***,advances in Machine Learning(ML)and Artificial Intelligence(AI)have led to the emergence of many kinds of attack-generation tools developed using these technologies to evade detection *** detection and misuse detection are the most commonly used techniques for detecting intrusion by unknown *** anomaly detection is adequate for detecting unknown attacks,its disadvantage is the possibility of high false *** detection has low false alarms;its limitation is that it can detect only known *** overcome such limitations,many researchers have proposed a hybrid intrusion detection that integrates these two detection *** method can overcome the limitations of conventional methods and works better in detecting unknown ***,this method does not accurately classify attacks like similar to normal or known ***,we proposed a hybrid intrusion detection to detect unknown attacks similar to normal and known *** anomaly detection,the model was designed to perform normal detection using Fuzzy c-means(FCM)and identify attacks hidden in normal predicted data using *** misuse detection,the model was designed to detect previously known attacks using Classification and Regression Trees(CART)and apply Isolation Forest(iForest)to classify unknown attacks hidden in known *** an experiment result,the application of relabeling improved attack detection accuracy in anomaly detection by approximately 11%and enhanced the performance of unknown attack detection in misuse detection by approximately 10%.

关键词： Unknown attack hybrid intrusion detection fuzzy c-means relabeling CART iForest

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Anomaly Detection Based on Discrete Wavelet Transformation for Insider Threat Classification

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第7期46卷 153-164页

作者： Dong-Wook kim Gun-Yoon shin myung-Mook Han Department of Computer Engineering Gachon UniversitySeongnam-si13120Korea Department of AI Software Gachon UniversitySeongnam-si13120Korea

Unlike external attacks,insider threats arise from legitimate users who belong to the *** individuals may be a potential threat for hostile behavior depending on their *** insider detection,many intrusion detection systems learn and prevent known scenarios,but because malicious behavior has similar patterns to normal behavior,in reality,these systems can be ***,because insider threats share a feature space similar to normal behavior,identifying them by detecting anomalies has *** study proposes an improved anomaly detection methodology for insider threats that occur in cybersecurity in which a discrete wavelet transformation technique is applied to classify normal *** *** discrete wavelet transformation technique easily discovers new patterns or decomposes synthesized data,making it possible to distinguish between shared *** verify the efficacy of the proposed methodology,experiments were conducted in which normal users and malicious users were classified based on insider threat scenarios provided in Carnegie Mellon University’s Computer Emergency Response Team(CERT)*** experimental results indicate that the proposed methodology with discrete wavelet transformation reduced the false-positive rate by 82%to 98%compared to the case with no wavelet ***,the proposed methodology has high potential for application to similar feature spaces.

关键词： Anomaly detection cybersecurity discrete wavelet transformation insider threat classification

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Long-term clinical outcome between beta-blocker with ACEI or ARB in patients with NSTEMI who underwent PCI with drug-eluting stents

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2019年第3期16卷 280-290页

作者： Yong Hoon kim Ae-Young Her Eun-Seok shin myung Ho Jeong Division of Cardiology Department of Internal MedicineKangwon National University School of MedicineChuncheonSouth Korea Division of Cardiology Department of Internal MedicineUlsan Medical CenterUlsan HospitalUlsanSouth Korea Chonnam National University Hospital GwangjuSouth Korea

Background Because limited comparative data are available,we decided to compare 2-year major clinical outcomes between beta-blockers (BB) with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and BB with angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) therapy in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents (DES).Methods A total 11,288 NSTEMI patients who underwent PCI with DES were enrolled and they were divided into two groups,the BB with ACEI group (n = 7600) and the BB with ARB group (n = 3688).The major clinical endpoint was the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) defined as all-cause death,recurrent myocardial infarction (re-MI),total revascularization [target lesion revascularization (TLR),target vessel revascularization (TVR),non-TVR] rate during the 2-year follow-up *** After propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis,two PSM groups (3317 pairs,n = 6634,C-statistic = 0.695) were *** the cumulative incidences of all-cause death,cardiac death,TLR,and non-TVR were similar between the two groups,MACE (HR = 0.832,95% CI: 0.704?0.982,P = 0.030),total revascularization rate (HR = 0.767,95% CI: 0.598?0.984,P = 0.037),and TVR rate (HR = 0.646,95% CI: 0.470?0.888,P = 0.007) were significantly lower in the BB with ACEI group after *** In this study,we suggest that the combination of BB with ACEI may be beneficial for reducing the cumulative incidences of MACE,total revascularization rate,and TVR rather than the BB with ARB after PCI with DES in NSTEMI patients.

关键词： Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor Angiotensin receptor blocker Beta-blocker Myocardial infarction

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Clinical significance of the leptin and leptin receptor expressions in prostate tissues

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2008年第6期10卷 923-928页

作者： Jung Hoon kim shin Young Lee Soon Chul myung Young Sun kim Tae-Hyoung kim Mi Kyung kim Departments of Urology College of Medicine Chung-Ang University Seoul 140-757 Korea Departments of Pathology College of Medicine Chung-Ang University Seoul 140-757 Korea

Aim： To evaluate the expression of leptin and leptin receptor in benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH） and prostate cancer （PCa）, and to investigate whether they are associated with the development and progression of PCa. Methods： hnmunohistochemical staining was performed to examine the expression of leptin and leptin receptor in BPH and PCa. PCa was divided into three groups： localized PCa, locally advanced PCa and metastatic PCa. The positive staining was identified and the percentage of the positive staining was graded. We also assessed the relationship between both the Gleason score and body mass index （BMI） and PCa. Results： The percentage of the leptin expression in PCa was significantly higher than that in BPH （P 〈 0.01）. For the PCa group, the expressed levels of leptin showed a considerable correlation with localized PCa and metastatic PCa （P 〈 0.05）. Leptin receptor, however, did not reveal a definite difference between BPH and PCa. The expression of leptin indicated a significant difference between well-differentiated PCa （Gleason score ≤6） and poorly differentiated PCa （Gleason score 8-10）（P 〈 0.05）. The relation between the leptin expression level in PCa and the BMI was not remarkable （P = 0.447）. Conclusion： Our results suggest that leptin might have a promoting effect on the carcinogenesis and progression of PCa.

关键词： leptin leptin receptor prostatic neoplasms

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Plasma skincare device based on floating electrode dielectric barrier discharge

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Plasma Science and Technology 2019年第12期21卷 33-39页

作者： Kyu-Hang LEE Sichan kim Hyun JO Byung-Koo SON myung-Sun shin Guangsup CHO Department of Electrical and Biological Physics Kwangwoon University20 Kwangwoon-RoNowon-GuSeoul 01897Republic of Korea Division of Plasma Convergence R&BD Cheorwon Plasma Research InstituteCheorwon 24047Republic of Korea

A portable skincare plasma-device with a rechargeable battery is presented here. The device comprises two pads made of thin polyimide film as the dielectric layer, namely, the dielectric barrier discharge pad(DBD-pad) for skin-touch and a capacitive ground-pad(G-pad) for hand holding. High AC voltage of approximately 1 kV with frequency of 40 kHz is induced in the DBD-pad that contacts the skin, which serves as the floating electrode, while low voltage is induced on the G-pad. Considering the requirement for impedance matching between the DBDpad capacitance and the inverter along with the need for low skin current less than approximately 5 mA for electrical safety, the electrode area of the DBD-pad is minimized to be smaller than that of the G-pad.

关键词： plasma discharge atmospheric pressure nonthermal plasma skincare device

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Production and inventory control of auto parts based on predicted probabilistic distribution of inventory

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Digital Communications and Networks 2015年第4期1卷 292-301页

作者： JiSun shin Sungshin kim Jang-myung Lee Pusan National University

Bayesian networks are probabilistic models used for prediction and decision making under uncertainty. The delivery quantity, the production quantity, and the inventory are changing according to various unexpected events. Then the prediction of a production inventory is required to cope with such irregular fluctuations. This paper considers a production adjustment method for an automobile parts production process by using a dynamic Bayesian network. All factors that may influence the production quantity, the delivery quantity, and the inventory quantity will be handled. This study also provides a production schedule algorithm that sequentially adjusts the production schedule in order to guarantee that all deadlines are met. Furthermore, an adjusting rule for the production quantities is provided in order to maintain guaranteed delivery.

关键词： Graphical modeling Dynamic Bayesian Network Production Adjusting Method Probabilistic distribution

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Hepatic fat quantification magnetic resonance for monitoring treatment response in pediatric nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第33期21卷 9741-9748页

作者： Hong Koh Seung kim myung-Joon kim Hyun Gi kim Hyun Joo shin Mi-Jung Lee Department of Pediatrics Severance Pediatric Liver Disease Research GroupSeverance Children’s HospitalYonsei University College of Medicine Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science Severance Pediatric Liver Disease Research GroupSeverance Children’s HospitalYonsei University College of Medicine

AIM: To evaluate the possibility of treatment effect monitoring using hepatic fat quantification magnetic resonance(MR) in pediatric nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who received educational recommendations and vitamin E for NASH and underwent hepatic fat quantification MR from 2011 to *** fat fraction(%) was measured using dual- and triple-echo gradient-recalled-echo sequences at *** compliant and non-compliant groups were compared clinically,biochemically,and ***: Twenty seven patients(M:F = 24:3; mean age: 12 ± 2.3 years) were included(compliant group = 22,non-compliant = 5).None of the baseline findings differed between the 2 groups,except for triglyceride level(compliant vs non-compliant,167.7 mg/d L vs 74.2 mg/d L,P = 0.001).In the compliant group,high-density lipoprotein increased and all other parameters decreased after 1-year ***,there were various changes in the non-compliant *** fat fraction(-19.2% vs 4.6,P < 0.001),tripleecho fat fraction(-13.4% vs 3.5,P < 0.001),alanine aminotransferase(-110.7 IU/L vs-10.6 IU/L,P = 0.047),total cholesterol(-18.1 mg/d L vs 3.8 mg/d L,P = 0.016),and triglyceride levels(-61.3 mg/d L vs 11.2 mg/d L,P = 0.013) were significantly decreased only in the compliant *** change in body mass index and dual-echo fat fraction showed a positive correlation(ρ = 0.418,P = 0.030).CONCLUSION: Hepatic fat quantification MR can be a non-invasive,quantitative and useful tool for monitoring treatment effects in pediatric NASH.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Steatohepatitis H

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