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Motion of charged particles in bright squeezed vacuum

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Light(science & Applications) 2024年第2期13卷 347-353页

作者： Matan Even Tzur Oren cohen solid state Institute and Physics Department Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa3200003Israel

The motion of laser-driven electrons quivers with an average energy termed pondermotive *** explore electron dynamics driven by bright squeezed vacuum(BsV),finding that BsV induces width oscillations,akin to electron quivering in laser light,with an equivalent ponderomotive *** identify closed and open trajectories of the electronic width that are associated with high harmonic generation and above-threshold ionization,respectively,similarly to trajectories of the electron position when its motion is driven by coherent *** the case of bound electrons,the width oscillations may lead to ionization with noisy sub-cycle *** results are foundational for strong-field and free-electron quantum optics,as they shed light on ionization,high harmonic generation,and nonlinear Compton scattering in BsV.

关键词： structure vacuum ionization

Fetal Head Compression: Its Possible Role in Neurologic Injury

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第1期14卷 124-143页

作者： Barry s. schifrin Brian J. Koos Wayne R. cohen Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Western University of Health Sciences Pomona USA The David Geffen school of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles USA The University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson USA

It is widely assumed that fetal ischemic brain injury during labor derives almost exclusively from severe, systemic hypoxemia with marked neonatal depression and acidemia. severe asphyxia, however, is one of several causes of perinatal neurological injury and may not be the most common;most neonates diagnosed with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy do not have evidence of severe asphyxia. sepsis, direct brain trauma, and drug or toxin exposure account for some cases, while mechanical forces of labor and delivery that increase fetal intracranial pressure sufficiently to impair brain perfusion may also contribute. Because of bony compliance and mobile suture lines, the fetal skull changes shape and redistributes cerebrospinal fluid during labor according to constraints imposed by contractions, and bony and soft tissue elements of the birth canal as the head descends. These accommodations, including the increase in intracranial pressure, are adaptive and necessary for efficient descent of the head while safeguarding cerebral blood flow. Autonomic reflexes mediated through central receptors normally provide ample protection of the brain from the considerable pressure exerted on the skull. On occasion, those forces, which are transmitted intracranially, may overcome the various adaptive anatomical, cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurological mechanisms that maintain cerebral perfusion and oxygen availability, resulting in ischemic brain injury. Accepting the notion of a potentially adverse impact of fetal head compression suggests that avoidance of excessive uterine activity and of relentless pushing without steady progress in descent may offer protection for the fetal brain during parturition. Excessive head compression should be considered in the differential diagnosis of ischemic encephalopathy.

关键词： Fetal Brain Injury Fetal Head Compression Ischemic Encephalopathy Neonatal Encephalopathy

superior antibody and membrane protein‑specific T‑cell responses to CoronaVac by intradermal versus intramuscular routes in adolescents

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 353-370页

作者： Jaime s.Rosa Duque samuel M.s.Cheng Carolyn A.cohen Daniel Leung Xiwei Wang Xiaofeng Mu Yuet Chung Tsun Ming Lau Manni Wang Wenyue Zhang Yanmei Zhang Howard H.W.Wong Leo C.H.Tsang sara Chaothai Tsz Chun Kwan John K.C.Li Karl C.K.Chan Leo L.H.Luk Jenson C.H.Ho Wing Yan Li Amos M.T.Lee Jennifer H.Y.Lam sau Man Chan Wilfred H.s.Wong Issan Y.s.Tam Masashi Mori sophie A.Valkenburg Malik Peiris Wenwei Tu Yu Lung Lau Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina school of Public Health The University of Hong KongHong KongChina HKU‑Pasteur Research Pole School of Public HealthThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology Ishikawa Prefectural UniversityNonoichiJapan Department of Microbiology and Immunology Peter Doherty Institute for Infectionand ImmunityUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia Center for Immunology and Infection C2i Hong KongChina

Background Optimising the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines to improve their protection against disease is *** dosing by intradermal(ID)administration has been shown to be equally immunogenic as intramuscular(IM)administration for several vaccines,but the immunogenicity of ID inactivated whole severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(sARs-CoV-2)at the full dose is *** study(NCT04800133)investigated the superiority of antibody and T-cell responses of full-dose CoronaVac by ID over IM administration in *** Participants aged 11–17 years received two doses of IM or ID vaccine,followed by the 3rd dose 13–42 days *** and cellular immunogenicity outcomes were measured post-dose 2(IM-CC versus ID-CC)and post-dose 3(IMCCC versus ID-CCC).Doses 2 and 3 were administered to 173 and 104 adolescents,*** spike protein(s)immunoglobulin G(IgG),s-receptor-binding domain(RBD)IgG,s IgG Fcγreceptor IIIa(FcγRIIIa)-binding,sNM[sum of individual(s),nucleocapsid protein(N),and membrane protein(M)peptide pool]-specific interleukin-2(IL-2)+CD4^(+),sNM-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+),s-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)and M-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+)responses fulfilled the superior and non-inferior criteria for ID-CC compared to IM-CC,whereas IgG avidity was *** ID-CCC,s-RBD IgG,surrogate virus neutralisation test,90%plaque reduction neutralisation titre(PRNT90),PRNT50,s IgG avidity,s IgG FcγRIIIa-binding,M-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+),interferon-γ+CD8^(+)and IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)responses were superior and non-inferior to *** estimated vaccine efficacies were 49%,52%,66%and 79%for IM-CC,ID-CC,IM-CCC and ID-CCC,*** ID groups reported more local,mild adverse *** This is the first study to demonstrate superior antibody and M-specific T-cell responses by ID inactivated sARsCoV-2 vaccination and serves as the basis for future research to improve the

关键词： CoronaVac Coronavirus disease 2019 Immunity Intradermal Vaccine

A randomized controlled trial of Promoting Physical Activity in Regional and Remote Cancer survivors(PPARCs)

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Journal of sport and Health science 2024年第1期13卷 81-89页

作者： sarah J.Hardcastle Chloe Maxwell-smith Vinicius Cavalheri Terry Boyle Marta Leyton Román Cameron Platell Michael Levitt Christobel saunders Frank sardelic sophie Nightingale Jacob McCormick Craig Lynch Paul A.cohen Max Bulsara Dana Hince sport and Physical Activity Research Centre Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldS102BPUK Institute for Health Research The University of Notre DameFremantleWA 6959Australia Curtin school of Population Health Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6845Australia Curtin school of Allied Health Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6845Australia Allied Health South Metropolitan Health ServiceMurdochWA 6150Australia Australian Centre for Precision Health University of South AustraliaAdelaideSA 5001Australia Department of Didactics of Musical Plastic and Body ExpressionUniversity of ExtremaduraCaceres 10071Spain st.John of God subiaco Hospital PerthWA 6008Australia Department of surgery University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC 3010Australia Tamara Private Hospital TamworthNSW 2340Australia Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre MelbourneVIC 3000Australia College of Health and Medicine Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 2600Australia Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Medical SchoolUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia

Background:Physical activity(PA)is important for cancer *** of remotely delivered interventions are needed to assist in reaching under-served non-metropolitan cancer *** objective of this study was to ascertain whether wearable technology,coupled with health coaching was effective in increasing PA in breast and colorectal cancer survivors living in regional and remote areas in ***:Cancer survivors from 5 states were randomized to intervention and control *** participants were given a Fitbit Charge 2TMand received up to 6 telephone health coaching *** participants received PA print *** assessments at baseline and 12 weeks measured moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA),light PA,and sedentary ***:Eighty-seven participants were recruited(age=63±11 years;74(85%)female).There was a significant net improvement in MVPA of 49.8 min/week,favoring the intervention group(95%confidence interval(95%CI):13.6-86.1,p=0.007).There was also a net increase in MVPA bouts of 39.5 min/week(95%CI:11.9-67.1,p=0.005),favoring the intervention *** groups improved light PA and sedentary behavior,but there were no between-group ***:This’s the first study to demonstrate that,when compared to standard practice(i.e.,PA education),a wearable technology intervention coupled with distance-based health coaching,improves MVPA in non-metropolitan cancer *** results display promise for the use of scalable interventions using smart wearable technology in conjunction with phone-based health coaching to foster increased PA in geographically disadvantaged cancer survivors.

关键词： Behavior change Exercise Health disparities Oncology Wearable technology

Use of porcine small intestinal submucosa for pediatric endoscopic tympanic membrane repair

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck surgery 2017年第3期3卷 142-147页

作者： Razan A.Basonbul Michael s.cohen Department of Otolaryngology Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary BostonMA USA Department of Otolaryngology Harvard Medical School BostonMA USA Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck surgery Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia

Tympanic membrane perforationsoccur frequently in children,and can result in hearing loss,otorrhea,pain,and *** to the narrower ear canal in children,a postauricular incision is often needed to access the tympanic membrane for surgical *** approaches are increasingly being used for tympanic membrane repair,reducing the need for postauricular *** the need for a postauricular incision decreases,the demand for non-autologous grafting material has *** porcine small intestinal submucosa (sIs) has been described in the literature as an alternative to commonly used autologous grafts,and is well suited for use with transcanal endoscopic ear surgery as a minimally invasive *** paper describes techniques for use of sIs in endoscopic tympanic membrane repair in children.

关键词： Pediatric Endoscopic ear surgery Tympanoplasty Acellular matrix Porcine small intestinal submucosa

Models to predict injury, physical fitness failure and attrition in recruit training: a retrospective cohort study

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Military Medical Research 2020年第4期7卷 391-400页

作者： Robin M.Orr Bruce s.cohen stephen C.Allison Lakmini Bulathsinhala Edward J.Zambraski Mark Jaffrey Tactical Research Unit Bond University2 Promethean WayGold CoastRobinaQLD 4226Australia United states Army Research Institute for Environmental Medicine NatickMA 01760USA Defence science and Technology Group Port MelbourneVIC 3207Australia

Background:Attrition rate in new army recruits is higher than in incumbent *** the current study,we identified the risk factors for attrition due to injuries and physical fitness failure in recruit training.A variety of predictive models were ***:This retrospective cohort included 19,769 Army soldiers of the Australian Defence Force receiving recruit training during a period from 2006 to *** them,7692 reserve soldiers received a 28-day training course,and the remaining 12,077 full-time soldiers received an 80-day training *** data included anthropometric measures,course-specific variables,injury,and physical fitness *** regression was used to develop a variety of models to predict the rate of attrition due to injuries and physical fitness *** area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to compare the performance of the ***:In the overall analysis that included both the 28-day and 80-day courses,the incidence of injury of any type was 27.8%.The 80-day course had a higher rate of injury if calculated per course(34.3%vs.17.6%in the 28-day course),but lower number of injuries per person-year(1.56 vs.2.29).Fitness test failure rate was significantly higher in the 28-day course(30.0%vs.12.1%).The overall attrition rate was 5.2%and 5.0%in the 28-day and 80-day courses,*** fracture was common in the 80-day course(n=44)and rare in the 28-day course(n=1).The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for the course-specific predictive models were relatively low(ranging from 0.51 to 0.69),consistent with"failed"to"poor"predictive *** course-combined models performed somewhat better than the course-specific models,with two models having AUC of 0.70 and 0.78,which are considered"fair"predictive ***:Attrition rate was similar between 28-day and 80-day *** comparison to the 80-day full course,the 28-day course had a lower rat

关键词： Military training Predictive modelling Risk management soldier

social system Historical Modeling of Western Economies and its Implications for Eastern Economies

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and social sciences 2023年第3期16卷 259-292页

作者： s.I.cohen Erasmus school of Economics Erasmus University RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands

The two purposes of the research are(a)to develop an analytical model that views the economy/polity as a social system with interactive subsystems of actors:households,firms,government,political parties and other significant actors,and(b)apply the analytical model to construct and verify a timeline that figures major events in world development that shaped the evolution of the western economies,and the relative strength of their interacting *** timeline highlights the changing and evolving dominance of the major subsystems in the economic history of the western *** differ from the convention of looking at history as the occurrence of exogenous consequential events and offer instead a system dynamics analysis that makes historical events endogenous and to be affected by the powerplay within the *** current dominance of the firm subsystem in western countries is demonstrated to be the accumulated result of centuries of past events:wars,discoveries,colonies,trade,political enlightenments,and industrial revolutions that strengthened participation and interactions in the firm subsystem at the cost of weakened dominance of rival subsystems(those of traditional households,theocrats,manors,communes,royals,and the modern state subsystem).The behavioral orientation of a social system is explainable in terms of(a)interactive influence(which occurs during the participation and interaction of agents in multiple settings,with some settings having more interactive influence than others),and(b)regulative influence(where the conduct of the one subsystem overrules that of other subsystems).Western economic history suggests a positive conditional correlation and convergence between(a)and(b).Being conditional,the convergence between(a)and(b)may not hold in other world contexts,i.e.,China,India,Arab and African countries.

关键词： social systems Economic history World economies Revolutions(industrial political) Dominance(business state)

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NIKE 706 JUsT DO IT

缤纷 2009年第Z1期 -页

作者：张密 s.cohen

位于北京大山子艺术区的NIKE706展馆,作为专门展示体育运动艺术的场所,在过去的1年半时间里通过各种艺术展示项目,已循序不断地向大众传递着积极参与的运动精神。从最初的邀请艺术家进行运动鞋的设计展示,到对"百战百胜展览中全面记述... 详细信息

位于北京大山子艺术区的NIKE706展馆,作为专门展示体育运动艺术的场所,在过去的1年半时间里通过各种艺术展示项目,已循序不断地向大众传递着积极参与的运动精神。从最初的邀请艺术家进行运动鞋的设计展示,到对"百战百胜展览中全面记述那些由日常生活的点滴细节。

关键词： NIKE 706 JUsT DO IT IT

A hybrid Monte Carlo study of bond-stretching electron–phonon interactions and charge order in BaBiO_(3)

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1950-1958页

作者： Benjamin cohen-stead Kipton Barros Richard scalettar steven Johnston Department of Physics and Astronomy The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Theoretical Division and CNLs Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM 87545USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA

The relationship between electron–phonon(e-ph)interactions and charge-density-wave(CDW)order in the bismuthate family of high-temperature superconductors remains *** address this question using nonperturbative hybrid Monte Carlo calculations for the parent compound BaBiO_(3).Our model includes the Bi 6s and O 2pσorbitals and coupling to the Bi-O bond-stretching branch of optical phonons via modulations of the Bi-O hopping *** simulate three-dimensional clusters of up to 4000 orbitals,with input model parameters taken from ab initio electronic structure calculations and a phonon energyℏΩ0=60 *** results demonstrate that the coupling to the bond-stretching modes is sufficient to reproduce the CDW transition in this system,despite a relatively small dimensionless *** also find that the transition deviates from the weak-coupling Peierls’*** work demonstrates that off-diagonal e-ph interactions in orbital space are vital in establishing the bismuthate phase diagram.

关键词： stretching phonon charge