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World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 2015年第3期5卷 208-220页

作者： Mir Hashim Rasool Mohammad Ayaz ahmad muzamil ahmad bhat Shafiq ahmad Department of Physics Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh India Physics Department Faculty of Science University of Tabuk Tabuk Saudi Arabia

This work displays a study of the compound multiplicity characteristics of 14.6 and 200 AGeV/c 28Si and 32S-emulsion interactions, where the number of shower and grey particles taken together is termed as compound multiplicity, Nc. It has been found that the average compound multiplicity depends on the mass number of the projectile, Ap, and energy of the projectile. A positive linear dependence of the compound multiplicity on the black, grey, heavy and shower particles has been found. Also the scaling of compound multiplicity distributions produced in these interactions has been studied in order to check the validity of KNO-scaling. A simplified universal function has been used to represent the experimental data. The experimental results have been compared with those obtained by analyzing events generated with the computer code FRITIOF based on Lund Monte Carlo model.

关键词： Relativistic Heavy Ion Collision Compound Particle Multiplicity KNO Scaling FRITIOF Model

Emerging insights into the function of very long chain fatty acids at cerebellar synapses

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1709-1710页

作者： Martin-Paul Agbaga Mohiuddin ahmad Department of Cell Biology and Ophthalmology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Centerand Dean McGee Eye InstituteOklahoma CityOKUSA

Very long chain-saturated and-polyunsaturated fatty acids(VLC-SFA and VLC-PUFA, respectively) are a functionally important class of fatty acids containing 28 carbons or more in their acyl chain. They are synthesized by the elongation of very long fatty acids-4(ELOVL4) enzyme, expressed mainly in the brain, retina, skin, testes, and meibomian gland, where these fatty acids are found(Agbaga et al., 2008). Further, these organs exhibit tissuespecific VLC-PUFA and VLC-SFA biosynthesis and incorporation into complex lipids for specific functions. In the brain, skin, and Meibomian glands, the ELOVL4 mainly makes VLC-SFA, which are incorporated into complex sphingolipids. In the retina, the ELOVL4 makes VLC-PUFA that are incorporated into phosphatidylcholine, that are critical for visual function, while in testes and sperm, the VLC-PUFA are incorporated into sphingolipids that are critical for fertility(Yeboah et al., 2021).

关键词： functions function insight

Class Imbalanced Problem:Taxonomy,Open Challenges,Applications and State-of-the-Art Solutions

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China Communications 2024年第11期21卷 216-242页

作者： Khursheed ahmad bhat Shabir ahmad Sofi Department of Information Technology National Institute of TechnologyHazratbal Srinagar 190006Jammu and KashmirIndia

The study of machine learning has revealed that it can unleash new applications in a variety of *** limitations limit their expressiveness,and researchers are working to overcome them to fully exploit the power of data-driven machine learning(ML)and deep learning(DL)*** data imbalance presents major hurdles for classification and prediction problems in machine learning,restricting data analytics and acquiring relevant insights in practically all real-world research *** visual learning,network information security,failure prediction,digital marketing,healthcare,and a variety of other domains,raw data suffers from a biased data distribution of one class over the *** article aims to present a taxonomy of the approaches for handling imbalanced data problems and their comparative study on the classification metrics and their application *** have explored very recent trends of techniques employed for solutions to class imbalance problems in datasets and have also discussed their *** article has also identified open challenges for further research in the direction of class data imbalance.

关键词： class imbalance classification deep learning GANs sampling

Retracing Realistic Disaster Scenarios from Archival Sources:A Key Tool for Disaster Risk Reduction

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第5期12卷 635-648页

作者： Bashir ahmad Akhtar Alam M.Sultan bhat Khurshid ahmad bhat Jeelani Inaam ul Haq Hakim Farooq ahmad Junaid Qadir Department of Geology Nawakadal SchoolSrinagar 190002India Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction University College LondonWCIE 6BTUK Department of Geography and Regional Development University of KashmirSrinagar 190006India Department of Statistics Chanapora SchoolSrinagar 190015India Department of Geology Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh 202002India

Disaster scenarios are constructed by integrating natural hazard phenomena and social science sources of *** profiled 51 natural hazard events of nineteenth century Kashmir that provide insights into the impacts of varying degree of severity that spread through the socioeconomic and political systems,influenced adaptation,and increased the consequences of the resulting *** root cause of these disasters was embedded in the social,natural,and political economic systems of their time,where vulnerabilities overlapped and interacted periodically with successive colonial regimes and acted as tipping *** combined effect of successive colonial regimes,inept administration,rigid political economy,and natural hazards made the situation go from bad to worse and reduced Kashmir to the depths of distress and *** the arc of the nineteenth century,a series of disasters led the Kashmiri population to learn how to live with disasters and minimize risk,bringing about the evolution of social and environmental *** the natural hazard vulnerability of the Kashmir Valley through archival narratives can help in scenario building to translate findings into formats that reduce related risk now as it did *** resulting information can be useful for regional design,planning,and policy responses to promote disaster risk reduction.

关键词： Disaster risk reduction Historical disasters Kashmir Nineteenth-century disasters Socioeconomic vulnerability

Numerical investigation of modal and fatigue performance of a horizontal axis tidal current turbine using fluid-structure interaction

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2019年第4期4卷 328-337页

作者： Habib Ullah muzamil Hussain Naseem Abbas Hassaan ahmad Mohammed Amer Muhammad Noman Faculty of Engineering and Technology University of LahoreLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Mechanical Engineering NFC Institute of Engineering and TechnologyMultan 60000Pakistan School of Mechanical Engineering Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchuTaiwan

The tidal power has the potential to play a vital role in a sustainable energy *** main objective of this paper is to investigate the performance and fatigue life of tidal current turbine(TCT)using fluid structure interaction(FSI)*** performance of TCT was predicted using Ansys *** performance curve,pressure distribution on the blade,and velocity streamline were visualized for eight repetitive analyses at different tip speed *** hydrodynamic load calculated from CFD analysis was transferred to FEA model for investigation of the structural response of *** analysis was performed to examine the mode shapes and natural frequencies of *** fatigue analysis were performed and number of cycles and safety factor at different equivalent alternating stresses were *** results of the simulation confirm that the turbine has a maximum value of the coefficient of performance atλ=5,the turbine operating frequency is not close to its natural frequency,and it is safe under the applied fatigue loads with a high factor of safety.

关键词： Tidal current turbine Fluid-structure interaction Fatigue performance Computational Fluid Dynamic Blade element

An overview of benign prostatic hyperplasia and its appreciation in Greco-Arab (Unani) system of medicine

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Asian Journal of Urology 2022年第2期9卷 109-118页

作者： Shabir ahmad bhat Shameem ahmad Rather Naquibul Islam Department of Moalajat Regional Research Institute of Unani MedicineNaseem BaghUniversity of KashmirSrinagarJammu and KashmirIndia

Objective:Conventional treatments for benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)like 5alpha-reductase inhibitors and invasive surgery are associated with some obvious side ***,evidence,though limited,has shown that alternative medicines are safer and have potential to improve the lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS)and quality of life in addition to improving sexual dysfunction in patients with *** current article aimed to include an overview of BPH,different ways of its management,and particularly its appreciation in Greco-Arab(Unani)system of medicine,one of the alternative medicinal ***:PubMed,Scopus,ScienceDirect,Web of Sciences,Google Scholar databases and classical texts of Greco-Arab medicine were searched for data ***:In Unani system of medicine,BPH,traced under the headings of Waram unuq al-mathana(bladder neck swelling)and Insidad majra-i-mathana(bladder outlet obstruction),has been managed for centuries with herbal medicines yet demanding a comprehensive scientific *** the herbs,Cucurbita pepo,Tribulus terrestris,Urtica dioica,and Linum usitatissimum are worth ***:For achieving the goal of LUTS-free ageing men,and safer and cost-effective future management of BPH,Unani herbal medicine could hopefully prove beneficial.

关键词： Benign prostatic hyperplasia Herbal Lower urinary tract symptoms Tribulus terrestris Unani

Non-timber forest products and their contribution to healthcare and livelihood security among the Karbi tribe in Northeast India

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Ecological Processes 2019年第1期8卷 492-512页

作者： Puranjoy Mipun Nazir ahmad bhat Dipankar Borah Yogendra Kumar Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany North-Eastern Hill UniversityShillongMeghalaya 793022India Department of Botany Rajiv Gandhi UniversityDoimukhArunachal Pradesh 791112India

Introduction:Non-timber forest products(NTFPs)have been an essential source for food,medicine,and handicraft products among the indigenous populations living in forested areas for *** research on the restoration of the importance of NTFPs and their value addition could potentially guide the development of new nutraceutical products in the *** present study aims to investigate the diversity of non-timber forest products of the Karbi Anglong District of Assam in Northeast ***:Multistage sampling technique was used for the study.A total of 70 respondents from 7 randomly selected villages were interviewed with a well-developed semi-structured questionnaire to explore the utilisation of *** analysis was done using four quantitative indices:(a)use report(UR),(b)use value(UV),(c)informant consensus factor(ICF),and(d)fidelity level(FL).Results:A total of 138 plant species belonging to 59 families distributed in 110 genera were recorded and identified as NTFPs of 1 type or the *** include 42%having ethnomedicinal use,33%as edible forest products,15%as household building materials and utensils,6%as spices and condiments,and 4%as herbal *** the medicinal plant species,Abroma augustum(L.)L.f.,Amaranthus spinosus L,and Geophila repens(L.)*** the highest ICF and ***:The present study confirms that NTFPs have played an essential role in the healthcare and livelihood of the indigenous people of the Karbi tribe throughout their generations and continue to do ***,the species with high value for both ICF and FL could be used for the development of new,cheap,effective,and eco-friendly herbal formulations for healthcare management leading to economic and social benefits to the indigenous ***,anthropogenic pressure and overexploitation of NTFPs may lead to the loss of this precious natural resource from this area.

关键词： East Karbi Anglong Ethnobotany Forest income NTFPs Wildlife sanctuary Quantitative study Medicinal plants

Comprehensive analysis of glacier recession(2000-2020)in the Nun-Kun Group of Glaciers,Northwestern Himalaya

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第3期21卷 768-785页

作者： Shakil ahmad ROMSHOO Ummer AMEEN Mustafa Hameed bhat Tariq ABDULLAH Department of Geoinformatics University of KashmirSrinagarKashmir 190006India Islamic University of Science and Technology AwantiporaKashmir 192122India Centre of Excellence for Glacier Studies in the Western Himalaya University of KashmirSrinagarKashmir 190006India

Himalayan glaciers are shrinking rapidly,especially after *** shrinkage,however,shows a differential pattern in space and time,emphasizing the need to monitor and assess glacier changes at a larger *** this study,changes of 48 glaciers situated around the twin peaks of the Nun and Kun mountains in the northwestern Himalaya,hereafter referred to as Nun-Kun Group of Glaciers(NKGG),were investigated using Landsat satellite data during *** in glacier area,snout position,Equilibrium Line Altitude(ELA),surface thickness and glacier velocity were assessed using remote sensing data supplemented by field *** study revealed that the NKGG glaciers have experienced a recession of 4.5%±3.4%and their snouts have retreated at the rate of 6.4±1.6 m·a^(-1).Additionally,there was a 41%increase observed in the debris cover area during the observation *** the geodetic approach,an average glacier elevation change of-1.4±0.4 m·a^(-1)was observed between 2000 and *** observed mass loss of the NKGG has resulted in the deceleration of glacier velocity from 27.0±3.7 m·a^(-1)in 2000 to 21.2±2.2 m·a^(-1)in *** ELA has shifted upwards by 83.0±22 m during the *** morphological and topographic factors showed a strong influence on glacier ***,a higher recession of 12.9%±3.2%was observed in small glaciers,compared to 2.7%±3.1%in larger *** debris-covered glaciers showed lower shrinkage(2.8%±1.1%)compared to the clean glaciers(9.3%±5%).The glacier depletion recorded in the NKGG during the last two decades,if continued,would severely diminish glacial volume and capacity to store water,thus jeopardizing the sustainability of water resources in the basin.

关键词： Nun-Kun range Glacier recession Glacier snout Remote Sensing Himalaya Glacier velocity

Antibacterial activity of lemongrass(Cymbopogon citratus) oil against some selected pathogenic bacterias

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第7期3卷 535-538页

作者： Mohd Irfan Naik Bashir ahmad Fomda Ebenezar Jaykumar Javid ahmad bhat Allahabad Agricultural Institute-Deemed University Allahabad(UP) India Sher-I-Kashmir Institute Of Medical Sciences Srinagar J&K India

Objective:To find the effectiveness of essential oil of lemongrass for the treatment of pathogenic ***:Lemongrass oil was investigated for activity against Staphylococcus aureus (***),Bacillus cereus(***),Bacillus subtilis(***),Escherichia coli(***), Klebsiella pneumoniae(***) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(***),using Agar Diffusion Method and Broth Dilution *** inhibitory concentration(MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC) were determined by the Broth Dilution Method. The antibiotic susceptibility test against the test organisms was performed by Disc Diffusion ***:Lemongrass was found effective against all the test organisms except P. *** positive organisms were found more sensitive to lemon grass oil as compared to gram negative *** test organisms were found inhibited by Lemon grass oil at lower concentrations in Broth Dilution Method as compared to Agar Diffusion ***: The tested organisms,particularly gram-negative organisms had shown high resistance towards different antibiotics whereas they were found to be inhibited by lemongrass oil even at lower *** lemongrass oil is effective against drug resistant *** can be suggested that use of lemongrass oil would be helpful in the treatment of infections caused by multidrug resistant organisms.

关键词： Antibacterial activity Lemongrass oil Bacteria

Guinea pigs as an animal model for sciatic nerve injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第3期12卷 452-457页

作者： Malik Abu Rafee Amarpal Prakash Kinjavdekar Hari Prasad Aithal Sajad ahmad Wani Irfan ahmad bhat Division of Surgery Indian Veterinary Research InstituteIzatnagarBareillyUPIndia Division of Veterinary Biotechnology Indian Veterinary Research InstituteIzatnagarBareillyUPIndia Division of Veterinary Physiology Indian Veterinary Research InstituteIzatnagarBareillyUPIndia

The overwhelming use of rat models in nerve regeneration studies is likely to induce skewness in treatment *** address the problem,this study was conducted in 8 adult guinea pigs of either sex to investigate the suitability of guinea pig as an alternative model for nerve regeneration studies.A crush injury was inflicted to the sciatic nerve of the left limb,which led to significant decrease in the pain perception and neurorecovery up to the 4th *** of foot print and shortening of toe spread were observed in the paw after nerve injury.A 3.49 ± 0.35 fold increase in expression of neuropilin 1（NRP1） gene and 2.09 ± 0.51 fold increase in neuropilin 2（NRP2） gene were recorded 1 week after nerve injury as compared to the normal *** of gastrocnemius muscle weight and volume of the experimental limb to control limb showed more than 50% decrease on the 30 th ***,vacuolated appearance of the nerve was observed with presence of degenerated myelin debris in digestion *** muscle also showed degenerative *** electron microscopy revealed loose and rough arrangement of connective tissue fibrils and presence of large spherical globules in crushed sciatic *** findings suggest that guinea pigs could be used as an alternative animal model for nerve regeneration studies and might be preferred over rats due to their cooperative nature while recording different parameters.

关键词： nerve regeneration Guinea pigs animal model sciatic nerve injury foot print length neuropilin histopathology neural regeneration