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Pulmonary Tuberculosis in HIV/AIDS Patients Attending Art Clinic in Bududa General Hospital, Bududa District, Uganda

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2019年第3期7卷 135-142页

作者： Kalyetsi Rogers Nafungo Gertrude muwanguzi enoch Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Faculty of Medicine Mbarara University of Science and Technology Mbarara Uganda Laboratory Department Bududa General Hospital Mbale Uganda

Background: Tuberculosis disease affects survival among HIV co-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy. Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in western Uganda is 15.3% and 7.2% in Tororo, Eastern Uganda. A study in Kampala revealed Tuberculosis prevalence among immuno-incompetent group at 10%. To assess the prevalence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) infection in HIV/AIDS patients attending ART clinic in Bududa general hospital, Bududa district, a hospital-based, cross-sectional study was carried out. Methods and materials: Two hundred thirty eight (238) HIV/AIDS positive patients attending ART clinic were recruited using consecutive simple non-probability sampling on consenting. Data collection guide was used to capture the socio-demographic information from study participants and two sputum samples (spot and early morning samples) were obtained from each participant, and processed using Hot Ziehl Neelsen for Tubercle Bacilli. Data collected was entered into MS Excel spreadsheets and Statistical Package of Social Sciences was used for descriptive data analysis and outputs in form of percentages, figures and tables presented. Results: Out of 238 study participants recruited, 14/238 were positive for Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB);giving a prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis at 5.9% (14/238) and the most affected age group was between 26 - 35 years with the prevalence of 3.4%. More females (65.6%) participated in the study than males (34.4%). Conclusion: Tuberculosis remains a health challenge in HIV/AIDS positive people in Bududa district and there is need for early screening of all HIV patients for TB as part of their routine and intensification to follow up TB positive patients. We recommend large-scale studies on the trends in TB/HIV co-infection and associated factors should be carried out in this area. In addition, we recommend intensification of public awareness campaign about TB infection in relation to its transmission, prevention and control.

关键词： Pulmonary Tuberculosis HIV Infection Prevalence HIV/TB Co-Infection

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Application of Different Models for the Prediction of the Kinetics of Direct Reduction of Natural Iron Ores

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Geomaterials 2017年第4期7卷 117-131页

作者： Abraham J. B. muwanguzi Aliaksandr Alevanau Joseph K. Byaruhanga Department of Material Science and Engineering KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Department of Mechanical Engineering School of Engineering College of Engineering Design Art and Technology Makerere University Kampala Uganda

Simulation of the direct reduction conditions was performed in a laboratory furnace. Lump samples from natural hematite iron ore were reduced by a gas mixture of H2 and CO (H2/CO =1.5) at temperatures of 700°C, 800°C and 900°C. The effect of reduction temperature on the reduction degree, reduction rate of samples and carbon deposition were investigated and discussed in this study. The thermo-gravimetric data obtained from the reduction experiments was run in a programme that calculates the solid conversion rate. Also, three models: 1) Grain Model (GM), 2) Volumetric Model (VM), and 3) the Random Pore Model (RPM), were used to estimate the reduction kinetics of natural iron ores. It was found that the RPM model result agreed best with the obtained experimental results. Furthermore, it gave better predictions of the natural iron oxide conversion and thereby the reduction kinetics.

关键词： Iron Ore Reduction Kinetics Solid Conversion Reduction Rate DR Estimation Models

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The Prospects of Uganda’s Iron Ore Deposits in Developing the Iron and Steel Industry

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2020年第4期8卷 316-329页

作者： muwanguzi J. B. Abraham Rukenzo Gift Sebukeera Hennery Guloba Asuman Ajidiru Rita Dumba Dexter Muvawala Joseph Science Technology and Innovations Department National Planning Authority Kampala Uganda Transport & Infrastructure Expertise Group Ezhz (Tieg) Stupava Slovak Republic

Uganda aspires to exploit its abundant iron ore resources to supply the required raw material for developing its iron and steel industry across all the phases of the value chain. The country imports USD 369 million worth of iron and steel products annually, 60% of which are raw materials for the steel processing plants. The National Planning Authority, the government planning agency, undertook a study to assess the possibility of using the iron ore deposits available in the country, as a source of supply for iron and steel production. In the study, available geological literature was collected from various sources and analysed in order to understand the mode of iron ore mineralization in Uganda, particularly, that in the South West. A field excursion to the deposits was conducted in order to ground truth the information obtained from literature research;carry out a detailed reconnaissance study so as to benchmark the likely scenarios required in the development of the iron and steel value chain;and establish the likely mining and processing requirements of the deposits. The reconnaissance survey confirmed the existence of hematite deposits that visually show characteristics of high-quality iron ore (55% - 68% Fe) suitable for iron production. From surficial investigations, the deposits are mainly comprised of thin beds of mineralisation. The deposits occur in the form of massive hematite, which is amenable to mining and direct feed to the ore processing plants, and specularite hematite (a metamorphic platy variety), which normally requires mineral processing for amenability to reduction processes. From the analysis, the country has sufficient deposits of a high grade that can support a steel industry, though more detailed quantifications and characterisations need to be prioritised by the government.

关键词： Mineralization Iron Ore Iron Steel Geology NPA Uganda

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