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An Evolving Security Dilemma： Adopting a Comprehensive Approach to the Changing Dynamics of Terrorism in Africa

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International Relations and Diplomacy 2016年第2期4卷 85-94页

作者： Emmanuel Kotia mustapha Abdallah Kofi Annan International Peacekeeping Training Centre (KAIPTC) Accra Ghana

This article examines the threat of terrorism, its changing dynamics and manifestations, constituting a major security dilemma for Africa. It begins with a conceptual discussion of the term ＂Jihad＂ and how it is contributing to recent upsurge in terrorism among the Muslim youth in Africa. The article argues that the concept has largely been misunderstood, misinterpreted by some Muslims and non-Muslims alike and as a consequence ＂hijacked＂ and misapplied by extremists to achieve ideological and political goals. While the perpetration of terrorist act is undermining political stability of African states, the involvement of the youth does not only make the enterprise a dangerous one, but also questions the effectiveness of education and training being pursued, especially in Muslim communities across many states in Africa. The article thus suggests that, curbing the threat of terrorism arising out of wrong interpretation of the concept of Jihad will require adopting a comprehensive educational approach aimed at reforming and transforming the character of the Muslim youth. This should include religious, moral, secular and peace education. It concludes that failure to adopt such holistic approach will mean African states will continue to battle with terrorism as an evolving security dilemma for years to come and the name Islam will continue to be denigrated as a religion that is more susceptible to violence.

关键词： terrorism security Islam Jihad education

Numerical Study of Heat Transfer and Contaminant Transport in an Unsaturated Porous Soil

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2014年第13期6卷 1238-1247页

作者： Abdelhamid Belghit mustapha Benyaich Laboratory of Engineering Science for Environment—LaSIE FRE-CNRS 3474 University of La Rochelle La Rochelle France Department of Physics Faculty of Science University Cadi Ayyad Marrakesh Morocco

Penetration of chemicals in the soil ground through irrigation water or rainfall induces important risks for the environment. These risks are badly known and may lead to direct contamination of the environment (atmosphere or ground water) or harmful effects on organisms living at ground level, indirectly affecting men. It is thus necessary to estimate these potential chemical risks on the environment. For that reason, the gradual change of these products (fertilizers, solutions, pollutants, ...) in the ground has been the subject of a lot of recent research works, based in particular on the study of non-saturated porous media in a theoretical, numerical or experimental way. Most of these works are incomplete and, in order to simplify the problem, they don’t take into accounts some process, which may be of prime importance under particular natural conditions. Complexity of such studies results from their multidisciplinary nature. In this communication, we study simultaneous transport of pollutant, the water that provides transport and the heat transfer in a 200 cm long cylindrical column full of sand taken as a non-saturated porous medium. We consider two kinds of conditions on the temperature at the column surface: the case of constant temperature and the case of sinusoidal temperature. We evaluate the influence of this temperature on the transfers. This study is purely numerical. We use the control volume method to determine hydrous, thermal and pollutant concentration profiles.

关键词： Soil Heat and Mass Transfer Porous Media Contaminant

Serological Detection of Tomato Pepino mosaic virus in Morocco

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2013年第12期3卷 847-852页

作者： Amal Souiri Saaid Amzazi Hayat Laatiris Moulay mustapha Ennaji mustapha Zemzami Laboratory of Virology Microbiology and Quality/Ecotoxicology and Btlodiverity (L VMQ/ETB) Faculty of Science and Technics Mohammedia (FSTM) University Hassan II Mohammedia Casablanca (UH2MC) Mohammedia 20650 Morocco Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology Faculty of Sciences Agdal University of Mohammed V Rabat 10080 Morocco Laboratory of Sanitary Control Control Unit of Plants Domaines Agricoles Madmora Sald 11000 Morocco

Pepino mosaic virus （PepMV）, monopartite RNA virus, 6,500 pb, belonging to Flexiviridae and Potexvirus group, is highly infectious and easily transmissible. Its economic impact is major for the tomato producer＇s countries. Prevention, based on early virus detection is the only effective control measure. Monoclonal antibodies appeared to be very useful tool. The authors used for the production of monoclonal antibodies hybridomas technique, by fusing spleen cells of immunized BALB/c mice to PepMV and SP2/O cancerous cells. The aim of this work is to produce hybridomas producers of Mab that could be used for ELISA in Morocco. At the same time, these efforts will serve to decrease expenses of producers concerning phytosanitory control. We obtained 16 hybridomas lines producers of Mab specific for PepMV. They were tested for efficiencies in ELISA and two lines were retained for production of Mab on large scale （1B 11-G 10 and 5A l-G5）. Isotyping of these two lines showed that they are belonging to IgG 1 class and easily purified by affinity chromatography in agarose column by protein A. The conjugation of these two antibodies to alkaline phosphatase has been verified by DAS-ELISA. These antibodies will enable to diagnose the disease from infected tomato plants, integrating several serological tests to control it and target the actions of struggles.

关键词： Pepino mosaic virus tomato monoclonal antibody hybridoma serological test early detection.

Marijuana use and repeated attempted suicide among senior high school students in Ghana:Evidence from the WHO Global School-Based Student Health Survey,2012

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General Psychiatry 2020年第6期33卷 390-399页

作者： John Tetteh George Ekem-Ferguson Swithin mustapha Swaray Nuworza Kugbey Emmanuel Nii-Boye Quarshie Alfred Edwin Yawson Department of Community Health University of Ghana Medical SchoolCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of GhanaAccraGhana Department of Psychiatry Korle Bu Teaching HospitalAccraGreater AccraGhana National Cardiothoracic Centre Korle Bu Teaching HospitalAccraGreater AccraGhana Department of Family and Community Health School of Public HealthUniversity of Health and Allied SciencesHohoeVolta RegionGhana Department of Psychology School of Social SciencesUniversity of Ghana College of HumanitiesAccraGreater AccraGhana

Background The association between substance use including marijuana use and attempted suicide has been well ***,little is known about marijuana use and its association with attempted suicide repetition among young people in low-income and middle-income *** This analysis was conducted to assess the factors associated with marijuana use and ascertain marijuana use as a determinant of repeated attempted suicide among senior high school(SHS)students in *** Data from the 2012 Global School-Based Student Health Survey in Ghana was used for this *** Poisson,Logistic and Probit models weighted with Mahalanobis distance matching within propensity calliper were employed separately to determine the hypothetical association between marijuana use and repeated attempted *** analysis was performed using Stata 16 and p<0.05 was deemed statistically *** The prevalence estimates of marijuana use and repeated attempted suicide among SHS students in Ghana were 3.4%(95%Cl:2.3 to 5.1)and 11.5%(95%Cl:9.1 to 14.4),*** prevalence of marijuana use was significantly associated with school grade,smoking exposure,parent smoker,alcohol intake and *** use was positively associated with repeated attempted suicide among SHS in Ghana correlation=0.23,p<*** attempted suicide among students who use marijuana was approximately threefold and fivefold significant compared with nonmarijuana use students,based on the Poisson(adjusted prevalence ratio:3.02;95%Cl:1.67 to 5.43,p<0.001)and Logistic(adjusted OR:5.06;95%Cl:3.19 to 11.64,p<0.001)estimates ***,the Probit model showed that marijuana use significantly increased the log count of repeated attempted suicide by 95%(ap:0.95;95%CI:0.49 to 1.41,p<0.001).Conclusion Marijuana use does not only influence the onset of suicidal attempts but also repeated attempted suicide among SHS students in *** attention is required for suicide

关键词： repetition smoke attempted

Towards Understanding the Antieorrosive Mechanism of Novel Surfactant Based on Mentha pulegium Oil as Eco-friendly Bio-source of Mild Steel in Acid Medium: a Combined DFT and Molecular Dynamics Investigation

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2019年第1期35卷 85-100页

作者： BOUOIDINA Asmae EL-HAJJAJI Fadoua EMRAN Khadijanh BELGHITI Mohammed Elalaoui ELMELOUKY Abderrahmane TALEB mustapha ABDELLAOUI Abdelfattah HAMMOUTI Belkheir OBOT Ime Bassey Laboratory of Engineering ElectrochemistryModeling and EnvironmentFaculty of Sciences Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah UniversityFez 3500Morocco Department of Chemistry College of ScienceTaibah UniversityAl-Madinah Al-Monawarah PO Box4050Saudi Arabia Laboratory of Applied Analytical Chemistry Materials and Environment Faculty of Seiences University of Mohammed PremierOujda 60000Morocco Laboratoire Des Matieres Condensees et Physique Statistique Chouaib Doukkali University El-jadida 24000Morocco Laboratoire de Physiologie Pharmaeologie et Santo EnvironnementaleFaculty of Sciences Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah UniversityFez 3500Morocco Center of Research Excellence in Corrosion Research Institute King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran 31261Saudi Arabia

Today,due to the increasingly stringent European directives concerning the use of molecules with certain toxicities towards the environment or their users,the essential oils,extracts,and molecules derived from plants exhibiting the characteristic of being biodegradable can be considered as a source of green corrosion inhibitors instead of harmful synthetic *** present work was devoted to testing the essential oil extracted from Mentha pulegium leaves(M1) as a corrosion inhibitor for C-steel in 1mol/L HCl solution using both electrochemical techniques and gravimetric measurements for the evaluation of the inhibition efficiencies at different *** results obtained showed that the inhibition efficiency increased with an increase in Ml concentration to reach a maximum value of 92.21%.We sought to determine the molecule responsible for this high efficiency,starting with the analysis of oil chemical composition by gas chromatography coupled with mass *** analysis revealed that menthol(M2)and isomenthol(M3)were the principal *** order to identify the molecule responsible for the inhibition and explain the protection mechanism involved,quantum chemical calculations and Monte Carlo simulations were used to explain the interaction of menthol,the major constituent of M1 with the *** practically confirm these results,we studied the action of 1mol/L HCl on steel with and without the addition of M2 by both methods(gravimetric and electrochemical study).A very high efficiency was obtained,an efficiency of 94.90% at 10^-3 mol/L,which was retained for a long exposure time,and slightly decreased in function of ***,a good correlation between the experimental data,theoretical calculations,and SEM studies was obtained,which denied that the Ml efficiency was only a result of a synergy effect and confirmed the high efficiency of Mentha oil and its main component(menthol)as a strong ecological inhibitor of corrosion.

关键词： Corrosion Ecological inhibitor Menthapulegium Menthol Density functional theory Monte Carlo simulation

Optical Properties of Solution-Processed MEH-PPV Thin Films for Optoelectronic Applications

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材料科学与工程（中英文A版） 2011年第2X期1卷 224-227页

作者： Nazir mustapha Zakia Fekkai Dept. of Physics College of Sciences AI Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University Riyadh 11623 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Reduced Rates of Metribuzin and Time of Hilling Controlled Weeds in Potato

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第12期8卷 3207-3217页

作者： Walaa Siblani mustapha A. Haidar Department of Agriculture Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences American University of Beirut Beirut Lebanon

The current emphasis on reducing herbicide applications has led to an increase in alternative weed control measures. Field experiment was conducted in the spring of 2014 to examine the effect of hilling-time and reduced-rates of metribuzin and their combinations on weed infestation in potato, and to determine their impact on potato yield. Metribuzin at 0.35, 0.56, or 0.75 kg ai/ha with or without hilling 6, 7, and 8 weeks after planting (WAP) were used. Weed count, weed control visual rating, weed dry weight, potato plant height, number of shoots and leaves, root dry weight, and potato yield were collected. Results showed that metribuzin, at all tested rates, with or without hilling significantly reduced weed infestation after 50, 70, and 110 days after planting (DAP) compared to the check. Best results were obtained by a combination of metribuzin at all tested rates with hilling 6, 7, and 8 WAP. The results suggest that long season weed control and high marketable yield could be achieved by metribuzin at 0.35 kg ai/ha (53% reduction in metribuzin) supplemented with hilling (6 WAP). None of the treatments was toxic to potato plants compared to the hand-weeded plots.

关键词： Potato Metribuzin Hilling Weed Control

Roles of Geospatial Technologies in Hydrographic Practice

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Journal of Marine Science 2022年第1期4卷 1-10页

作者： Okpuvwie Ejuvweyere Jonathan Garba mustapha Department of Geographic Information Science African Regional Institute for Geospatial Information Science and Technology(AFRIGIST)Obafemi Awolowo University CampusIle-IfeNigeria

Any seafarer or mariner that uses the sea knows that navigation without correct charts is impossible and hazardous because nautical charts are the most essential and indispensable tools for vessels to sail safely at *** vessels to safely sail at sea,the seas and the oceans ought to be charted and this falls within the domain of ***,the seas cannot be charted effectively in the absence of the deployment of human resources and adequate tools like satellite and aerial imagery,survey boats and other equipment that will facilitate the hydrographic *** acquisition of data and information about the sea depths,nature of sea bed,waterways,navigational hazards and navigational objects among others,basically falls within the sphere of hydrography which is primarily known as survey at *** paper offers a review of geospatial technologies in hydrographic practice for enhanced safety of navigation at *** review is important to both the mariners,shipping industry and the government in order to explore the potentials provided by Geographic Information System,Remote Sensing,cloud GIS,big data GIS and Global Positioning System to enhance the practice of *** data and materials used for the review were obtained from literature in the internet and other published *** paper looked at hydrography as a profession,roles of geospatial technologies in hydrographic practice,benefits of hydrography to national development and finally,the weaknesses of geospatial technologies in hydrographic practice were equally examined.

关键词： Geospatial Geographic information system Hydrography Navy Navigation Sea Vessels

A 3D Finite Radon Transform

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Journal of Mathematics and System Science 2019年第2期9卷 64-69页

作者： mustapha Boukour Abderrahim El Omri Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de Tanger Laboratoire de Mécanique et Génie CivilBP.416 TangierMorocco

The present work is devoted to the development of the extension of FRT (Finite Radon Transform) to the tridimensional case. One simple formulation is proposed and it is shown that it is the exact discretization of the continuous Discrete Radon Transform. More precisely this is the case when the sampling is given on a regular grid i.e. the continuous function is filtered by the mean of the box function. Relation of this transform with the Discrete Fourier one is given and is for some help in numerical implementation.

关键词： Radon transform discrete radon transform FRT discrete Fourier numerical computing