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World Journal of Stem Cells 2018年第2期10卷 15-22页

作者： Shengwen Calvin Li mustafa h kabeer Neuro-oncology and Stem Cell Research Laboratory Children's Hospital of Orange County Department of Neurology University of California-Irvine School of Medicine Children's hospital of Orange County Department of Surgery University of California-Irvine School of Medicine

Pediatric origin of cancer stem cell hypothesis holds great promise and potential in adult cancer treatment, however; the road to innovation is full of obstacles as there are plenty of questions left unanswered. First, the key question is to characterize the nature of such stem cells (concept). Second, the quantitative imaging of pediatric stem cells should be implemented(technology). Conceptually, pediatric stem cell origins of adult cancer are based on the notion that plasticity in early life developmental programming evolves local environments to cancer. Technologically, such imaging in children is lacking as all imaging is designed for adult patients. We postulate that the need for quantitative imaging to measure space-time changes of plasticity in early life developmental programming in children may trigger research and development of the imaging technology. Such quantitative imaging of pediatric origin of adulthood cancer will help develop a spatiotemporal monitoring system to determine cancer initiation and progression. Clinical validation of such speculative hypothesis-that cancer originates in a pediatric environment-will help implement a wait-andwatch strategy for cancer treatment.

关键词： Pediatric origins of adult cancer Imaging of single cells

Training stem cells for treatment of malignant brain tumors

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2014年第4期6卷 432-440页

作者： Shengwen Calvin Li mustafa h kabeer Long T Vu Vic Keschrumrus hong Zhen Yin Brent A Dethlefs Jiang F Zhong John h Weiss William G Loudon Neuro-On-cology and Stem Cell Research Laboratory Center for Neurosci-ence ResearchChildren’s Hospital of Orange CountyUniversity of California-IrvineOrangeCA 92868United States Department of Neurology University of California IrvineOrangeCA 92862United States Department of Pathology University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90033United States

The treatment of malignant brain tumors remains a challenge. Stem cell technology has been applied in the treatment of brain tumors largely because of the ability of some stem cells to infiltrate into regions within the brain where tumor cells migrate as shown in preclinical studies. however, not all of these efforts can translate in the effective treatment that improves the quality of life for pa-tients. here, we perform a literature review to identify the problems in the field. Given the lack of efficacy of most stem cell-based agents used in the treatment of malignant brain tumors, we found that stem cell distribution(i.e., only a fraction of stem cells applied capable of targeting tumors) are among the limiting factors. We provide guidelines for potential improvements in stem cell distribution. Specifically, we use an engineered tissue graft platform that replicates the in vivo microenvironment, and provide our data to validate that this culture platform is viable for producing stem cells that have better stem cell distribution than with the Petri dish culture system.

关键词： Stem cells Malignant brain tumors Engineered tissue graft Organotypic slice model

Mini-organs with big impact:Organoids in liver cancer studies

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Oncology Research 2023年第5期31卷 677-688页

作者： MUhAMMAD BABAR KhAWAR YAJUN WANG ANEEQA MAJEED ALI AFZAL kabeer hANEEF hAIBO SUN Institute of Translational Medicine Medical CollegeYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Non-Coding RNA Research YangzhouChina Applied Molecular Biology and Biomedicine Lab Department of ZoologyUniversity of NarowalNarowalPakistan Department of Oncology Haian Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineHaianChina Molecular Medicine and Cancer Therapeutics Lab Department of ZoologyFaculty of Sciences TechnologyUniversity of Central PunjabLahorePakistan Chinese Institute for Brain Research(CIBR) BeijingChina

hepatocellular carcinoma,the most common primary liver cancer and a leading cause of death,is a difficult disease to treat due to its heterogeneous *** models,such as 2D culture and patient-derived xenografts,have not proven ***,the development of 3D culture techniques,such as organoids,which can mimic the tumor microenvironment(TME)and preserve heterogeneity and pathophysiological properties of tumor cells,offers new opportunities for treatment and *** also have the potential for biomarker detection and personalized medication,as well as genome editing using CRISPR/Cas9 to study the behavior of certain genes and therapeutic *** review explores to-the-date development of organoids with a focus on TME modeling in 3D organoid ***,it discusses gene editing using CRISPR/Cas9 in organoids,the challenges faced,and the prospects in the field of organoids.

关键词： heterogeneity Tumor Organoid Liver Treatment Therapy

Exteriorized colon anastomosis for unprepared bowel: An alternative to routine colostomy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第23期13卷 3215-3220页

作者： Sami K Asfar hilal M Al-Sayer Talib h Juma Professor and Chairman Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine Kuwait University and Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital Safat-13110 Kuwait Associate Professor Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine Kuwait University and Department of Surgery Ameri Hospital Kuwait Consultant Surgeon Department of Surgery Ameri Hospital Kuwait

AIM: To see the possibility of avoiding routine colostomy in patients presenting with unprepared bowel. METhODS: The cohort is composed of 103 patients, of these, 86 patients presented as emergencies (self- inflected and iatrogenic colon injuries, stab wounds and blast injury of the colon, volvulus sigmoid, obstructing left colon cancer, and strangulated ventral hernia). Another 17 patients were managed electively for other colon pathologies. During laparotomy, the involved segment was resected and the two ends of the colon were brought out via a separate colostomy wound. One layer of interrupted 3/0 silk was used for colon anastomosis. The exteriorized segment was immediately covered with a colostomy bag. Between the 5th and 7th postoperative day, the colon was easily dropped into the peritoneal cavity. The defect in the abdominal wall was closed with interrupted nonabsorbable suture. The skin was left open for secondary closure. RESULTS: The mean hospital stay (± SD) was 11.5 ± 2.6 d (8-20 d). The exteriorized colon was successfully dropped back into the peritoneal cavity in all patients except two. One developed a leak from oesophago- jejunostomy and from the exteriorized colon. She subsequently died of sepsis and multiple organ failure (MOF). In a second patient the colon proximal to the exteriorized anastomosis prolapsed and developed severe serositis, an elective ileo-colic anastomosis (to the left colon) was successfully performed. CONCLUSION: Exteriorized colon anastomosis is simple, avoids the inconvenience of colostomy and can be an alternative to routine colostomy. It is suitable where colostomy is socially unacceptable or the facilities and care is not available.

关键词： Colostomy Exteriorized colon Colon injury Colon anastomosis Unprepared colon Obstructing colon cancer Volvulus sigmoid