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Obstetric Anesthesia Practice Significantly Evolved: A Field for Cesarean Delivery Parturient for the Provision of Safe Anesthesia in Urgent Circumstances

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2024年第3期14卷 66-92页

作者： mustafa zakaria Amal Haoudar Said Makani Mariame Kabbour Oumaima Taoussi Karim Elaidaoui Yousra Rajaa Chafik El Kettani Adil Elghanmi Department of Anesthesia and Resuscitation Hospital ZNA Middelheim Antwerpen Belgium European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Ghent Belgium Anesthesia and Resuscitation Services Mohammed VI University of Sciences and Health-UM6SS Casablanca Morocco Cardiologist Vascular Surgery Mohammed VI University of Sciences and Health-UM6SS Casablanca Morocco Faculty of Science and Technology Hassan II University of Casablanca Casablanca Morocco Departement of Services Cardiology Mohammed VI University of Sciences and Health-UM6SS Casablanca Morocco Department of Anesthesia and Resuscitation Mohammed VI University of Sciences and Health-UM6SS Casablanca Morocco Obstetrics and Gynecology Services Mohammed VI University of Sciences and Health-UM6SS Casablanca Morocco

General anesthesia and Obstetric Anesthesia is the gold standard for a cesarean section but there are some cases where general anesthesia is unavoidable. The use of general anesthesia for cesarean delivery has decreased in recent years due to the widespread use of neuraxial techniques. The choice of anesthesia techniques for cesarean delivery depends on several factors, including the patient’s psychology and the attending physician’s experience. It is chosen because of its safety profile and its benefits to the mother and fetus. It may be indicated due to emergency, maternal refusal of regional techniques, or regional contraindications. Major complications include failed intubation, gastric content aspiration, and increased bleeding risk. This study aims to evaluate the impact of a newly launched team on obstetric anesthesia practice.

关键词： General Anesthesia Cesarean Delivery Intubation Maternal Refusal Obstetric Anesthetists

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Future Prospects for Macro Rainwater Harvesting (RWH) Technique in North East Iraq

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2014年第5期6卷 403-420页

作者： Nadhir Al-Ansari Mawada Abdellatif Saleh zakaria Yaseen T. mustafa Sven Knutsson Department of Dams & Water Resources Eng. University of Mosul Mosul Iraq Liverpool JM University Liverpool UK Lulea University Lulea Sweden University of Zakho Duhok Iraq

Countries in Middle East and North Africa (MENA region) are considered as arid and semi-arid areas that are suffering from water scarcity. They are expected to have more water shortages problem due to climatic change. Iraq is located in the Middle East covering an area of 433,970 square kilometers populated by 31 million inhabitants. One of the solutions suggested to overcome water scarcity is Rainwater Harvesting (RWH). In this study Macro rainwater harvesting technique had been tested for future rainfall data that were predicted by two emission scenarios of climatic change (A2 and B2) for the period 2020-2099 at Sulaimaniyah Governorate north east of Iraq. Future volumes of total runoff that might be harvested for different conditions of maximum, average, and minimum future rainfall seasons under both scenarios (A2 and B2) were calculated. The results indicate that the volumes of average harvested runoff will be reduced when average rainfall seasons are considered due to the effect of climatic change on future rainfall. The reduction reached 10.82 % and 43.0% when scenarios A2 and B2 are considered respectively.

关键词： Rainwater Harvesting Sulaimaniyah Iraq

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SIDIF： Location Based Technique as a Determinant of Effectiveness and Efficiency in Artificial Reefs Development Project

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通讯和计算机（中英文版） 2011年第6期8卷 422-428页

作者： mustafa Man Wan Aezwani Wan Abu Bakar Mohd Shafry Mohd Rahim： Muhammad Zaidi zakaria Zailani Mohamed Sidel Department of Computer Science Faculty of Science ＆ Technology UMT Terengganu Malaysia Department of Marine Engineering Malaysian Maritime Academic （ALAM） Batu Rakit Terengganu Department of Computer Graphic and Multimedia Faculty of Computer Science ＆ Information Systems UTM Johor Malaysia Department of Fisheries Science Faculty of Agro Technology and Food Science UMT Terengganu Malaysia Department of Information System Faculty of Computer and Information Technology King Abdul-Aziz University Saudi Arabia

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Estimation of annual harvested runoff at Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Kurdistan region of Iraq

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Natural Science 2013年第12期5卷 1272-1283页

作者： Saleh zakaria Yaseen T. mustafa Diary A. Mohammed Salahalddin Saeed Ali Nadhir Al-Ansari Sven Knutsson Department of Civil Environmental & Natural Resources Engineering Lulea University of Technology Lulea Sweden Department of Civil Environmental & Natural Resources Engineering Lulea University of Technology Lulea Sweden Department of Water Resources Engineering University of Mosul Mosul Iraq University of Sulaimani Sulaimani Iraq University of Zakho Duhok Iraq

Kurdistan Region (KR) of Iraq has suffered from the drought period during the seasons 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 that affected the human and economic activities of the region. Macro rainwater harvesting (Macro RWH) is one of the techniques that can ensure water availability for a region having limited water resources. This technique is based on Soil Conservation ServiceCurve Number (SCS-CN) method and the Watershed Modeling System (WMS) was used to estimate the runoff. Rainfall records of Sulaymaniyah area for the period 2002-2012 were studied and an average season was selected (2010-2011). The results of the application of the WMS model showed that about 10.76 million cubic meters could be harvested. The results also showed that the quantity of the harvested runoff was highly affected by rainfall depth, curve number values, antecedent moisture conditions (AMC) and the area of the basins.

关键词： Macro Rainwater Harvesting Sulaymaniyah Kurdistan Region Iraq

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FishDTecTools： Fish Detection Solution Using Neural Network Approach

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通讯和计算机（中英文版） 2011年第2期8卷 96-102页

作者： mustafa Man Fakhrul Adli Mohd Zaki Mohammad Zaidi zakaria Akmal Rakhmadi Nur Zuraifah SyazrahOthman Mohd Shafry Mohd Rahim Department of Computer Science Faculty of Science ＆ Technology UMT Terengganu Malaysia Department of Fisheries Science Faculty of Agro Technology and Food Science UMT Terengganu Malaysia Department of Computer Graphic and Multimedia Faculty of Computer Science ＆ Information Systems UTM Johor Malaysia

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Macro Rain Water Harvesting Network to Estimate Annual Runoff at Koysinjaq (Koya) District, Kurdistan Region of Iraq

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Engineering（科研） 2013年第12期5卷 956-966页

作者： Saleh zakaria Nadhir Al-Ansari Yaseen T. mustafa M. D. J. Alshibli Sven Knutsson Department of Civil Environmental & Natural Resources Engineering Lulea University of Technology Lulea Sweden Department of Water Resources Engineering University of Mosul Mosul Iraq Department of Civil Environmental & Natural Resources Engineering Lulea University of Technology Lulea Sweden Ministry of Water Resources Baghdad Iraq University of Zakho Duhok Iraq

Macro rainwater harvesting techniques (Macro RWH) are getting more popular to overcome the problem of water scarcity in arid and semi-arid areas. Iraq is experiencing serious water shortage problem now despite of the presence of Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. RWH can help to overcome this problem. In this research, RWH was applied in Koya City in its districts, North West Iraq. Twenty-two basins were identified as the catchment area for the application of RWH technique. Watershed modeling system (WMS), based on Soil Conservation Service-curve number (SCS-CN) method, was applied to calculate direct runoff from individual daily rain storm using average annual rainfall records of the area. Two consecutive adjustments for the curve number were considered. The first was for the antecedent moisture condition (AMC) and the second was for the slope. These adjustments increased the total resultant harvested runoff up to 79.402 × 106 m3. The average percentage of increase of harvested runoff volume reached 9.28%. This implies that water allocation is of the order of 2000 cubic meter per capita per year. This quantity of water will definitely help to develop the area.

关键词： Macro Rainwater Harvesting Koysinjaq Kurdistan Region Iraq

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