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The effect of caloric restriction on genetical pathways

Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第5期12卷 1450-1457页

作者： mustafa fevzi karagöz A.Gülçin Sağdıçoğlu Celep Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Nutrition and DieteticsGazi UniversityÇankaya 06490Turkey

Energy restriction is defined as reducing nutrient intake without dragging the organism into malnutrition. Energy restriction is preferred because it is a non-genetic intervention that increases life expectancy. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD~+)and adenosine monophosphate(AMP)levels, which are the indicators of intracellular energy deficiency, increase with energy restriction. The increase in NAD~+ level stimulates sirtuin(SIRT)enzymes, and the increase in AMP level stimulates AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK). Various mechanisms are regulated by stimulating these enzymes. By Forkhead box O(FoxO)transcription factors, the ability of resistance to oxidative stress increases, and antioxidant genes, DNA repair, and autophagy genes are stimulated. Apoptosis is induced by stimulation of the p53 protein, and tumor growth is suppressed by the disruption of aging cells. The suppression of phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)-/-Akt, and therefore mTOR signal stimulates autophagy and mitophagia, and cleanses damaged cells and organelles. Mitochondrial biogenesis is stimulated, antioxidant capacity increases, and inflammatory response decreases. Adipose tissue and lipid metabolism are regulated by the regulation of fatty acid synthesis and oxidation. As a consequence, the effects of caloric restriction on cellular metabolism are regulated through the genetic pathways.

关键词： Caloric restriction Energy restriction Sirtuin AMPK Mitochondrial biogenesis

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The Molecular Effect of Caloric Restriction on Oxidative Status， Cell Cycle and Adipose Tissue Remodelling

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2022年

作者： mustafa fevzi karag?z A. Gül?in SA?DI?O?LU CELEP mustafa fevzi karag?z Gazi University Health Sciences Nutrition and Dietetics Department ?ankaya

Energy restriction is defined as reducing nutrient intake without dragging the organism into malnutrition. Energy restriction is preferred because it is a non-genetic intervention that increases life expectancy. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide （NAD+） and adenosine monophosphate （AMP） levels， which are the indicators of intracellular energy deficiency， increase with energy restriction. The increase in NAD;level stimulates sirtuin （SIRT） enzymes， and the increase in AMP level stimulates AMP-activated protein kinase （AMPK）. Various mechanisms are regulated by stimulating these enzymes. By Forkhead box O （FoxO） transcription factors， the ability of resistance to oxidative stress increases， and antioxidant genes， DNA repair， and autophagy genes are stimulated. Apoptosis is induced by stimulation of the p53 protein， and tumor growth is suppressed by the disruption of aging cells. The suppression of PI3K / Akt， and therefore mTOR signal stimulates autophagy and mitophagia， and cleanses damaged cells and organelles. Mitochondrial biogenesis is stimulated， antioxidant capacity increases， and inflammatory response decreases. Adipose tissue and lipid metabolism are regulated by the regulation of fatty acid synthesis and oxidation. As a consequence， the effects of caloric restriction on cellular metabolism are regulated through the genetic pathways.

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Histopathologic effects of a low molecular weight heparin on bone healing in rats:a promising adjuvant in dacryocystorhinostomy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第6期9卷 838-842页

作者： Mehmet Numan Alp Ozdamar Fuad Oken mustafa fevzi Sargon Ahmet Ucaner Department of Ophthalmology Numune Training andResearch HospitalAnkara 06100Turkey Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology NumuneTraining and Research HospitalAnkara 06100Turkey Department of Anatomy Faculty of MedicineHacettepeUniversityAnkara 06100Turkey

AIM： To investigate the effect of short -term prophylactic dose of a low molecular weight heparin （LMWH） drug on the bone healing process in an animal model simulating the osteotomy obtained in dacryocystorhinostomy. METHODS： Forty male Wistar albino rats were divided into 2 groups. Subcutaneous injections of enoxaparin 1 mg/kg （enoxaparin-treated group） and saline solution （control group） were performed once daily for 4d, beginning on the first preoperative day. The osteotomy was created at the femoral diaphysis in all animals by using a Kirschner wire. Each group was further divided into 2 subgroups depending on the timing of the second operation, 14 or 21d following initial osteotomy. Patent osteotomy area on the second and the third weeks in each group were calculated by using a computer software on digital micrographs. RESULTS： The patent osteotomy areas at the second and the third weeks were significantly larger in the enoxaparin-treated group than those of the control group （P〈0.001 for each time-period）. In the control group, the patent osteotomy area at the third week of healing was significantly smaller than that of the second week （P=0.003）, whereas there was no significant difference between these two measurements in the enoxaparin-treated group （P=0.185）. CONCLUSION： Short -term administration of enoxaparin resultes in a significant alteration in bone healing at 14 and 21d after injury. LMWHs can be regarded as promising alternative adjuvants in dacryocystorhinostomy after being evaluated with further clinical and animal studies,

关键词： dacryocystorhinostomy enoxaparin woundhealing low molecular weight heparin

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Delaying surgery after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy improves prognosis of rectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2016年第9期8卷 695-706页

作者： Mehmet Mihmanli Esin Kabul Gürbulak Ismail Ethem Akgün mustafa fevzi Celayir Pinar Yazici Deniz Tuncel Tuba Tülin Bek Ayhan Oz Sinan Omeroglu Department of General Surgery Sisli Etfal Training and Research Hospital Department of Pathology Sisli Etfal Training and Research Hospital Department of Radiation Oncology Sisli Etfal Training and Research Hospital

AIM To investigate the prognostic effect of a delayed interval between neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy(CRT) and surgery in locally advanced rectal *** We evaluated 87 patients with locally advanced mid-or distal rectal cancer undergoing total mesorectal excision following an interval period after neoadjuvant CRT at ?i?li Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital,Istanbul between January 2009 and January *** were divided into two groups according to the intervalbefore surgery: < 8 wk(group Ⅰ) and ≥ 8 wk(group Ⅱ).Data related to patients,cancer characteristics and pathological examination were collected and *** When the distribution of timing between group Ⅰ(n = 45) and group Ⅱ(n = 42) was viewed,comparison of interval periods(median ± SD) of groups showed a significant difference of as 5 ± 1.28 wk in group Ⅰ and 10.1 ± 2.2 wk in group Ⅱ(P < 0.001).The median follow-up period for all patients was 34.5(9.9-81) *** Ⅱ had significantly higher rates of pathological complete response(p CR) than group Ⅰ had(19% vs 8.9%,P = 0.002).Rate of tumor regression grade(TRG) poor response was 44.4% in group Ⅰ and 9.5% in group Ⅱ(P < 0.002).A poor pathological response was associated with worse disease-free survival(P = 0.009).The interval time did not show any association with local recurrence(P = 0.79).CONCLUSION Delaying the neoadjuvant CRT-surgery interval may provide nodal down-staging,improve p CR rate,and decrease the rate of TRG poor response.

关键词： Rectal carcinoma Pathological tumor response Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy Interval timing Tumor down-staging

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