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Effect.of Different.Mulching Mat.rials on Growt. Paramet.rs and Yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculent.s) Product.on in Minna, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Forest.y 2024年第3期14卷 197-213页

作者： Ebierin Akpoebidimiyen Ot.aro John Jiya musa Mohammed musa Isah Abayomi Ibrahim Kut. Muhammad Yusuf Salihu Depart.ent.of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Maritime University Okerenkoko Nigeria Depart.ent.of Agricult.re and Bioresources Engineering Federal University of Technology Minna Nigeria

During t.e 2022 growing season (August.t. November) at.t.e Federal Universit. of t.chnology, Minna School farm, Niger St.t., an experiment.was conduct.d t. invest.gat. t.e influence of mulching on Okras growt., yield, and moist.re cont.nt.was examined across four dist.nct.growt. st.ges (init.al, development. mid, and lat.) and at.varying soil dept.s (0 - 30 cm and 30 - 60 cm). t.e st.dy employed a randomised complet. block design wit. four replicat.ons, encompassing cont.ol (t.), groundnut.shells mulch (t.), black polyt.ene mulch (t.), and whit. polyt.ene mulch (t.) as t.eat.ent.. t.e highest.average Okra fresh pod yield, amount.ng t. 23.4 t.ha, was achieved by implement.ng whit. plast.c mulch, cont.ast.ng wit. t.e cont.ol t.eat.ent. which yielded t.e lowest.at.22 t.ha. Not.bly, t.e cont.ol plot. exhibit.d yield reduct.ons of up t. 32% compared t. t.e plot. employing whit. plast.c mulching. t.e ut.lisat.on of mulch had a not.ble impact.on t.e overall crop yield, wit. t.e superior qualit. evident.in t.e t.eat.ent.employing whit. plast.c mulch (26 t.ha). t.e cont.ol t.eat.ent.exhibit.d t.e lowest.qualit. at.24.3 t.ha. Groundnut.shell mulch influenced moist.re conservat.on, but.no significant.variance was observed compared t. t.e cont.ol plot.. t.erefore, t.e st.dy suggest. t.at.polyt.ene mulch may be t.e most.suit.ble t.pe t. enhance t.e qualit. of okra product.on by conserving soil moist.re. Among t.e biodegradable and non-biodegradable mulches used in t.is st.dy, whit. polyt.ene mulch was t.e most.effect.ve.

关键词： Crop Groundnut.Shell Mulch Plast.c Pod Soil

Infect.on fat.lit. rat. and infect.on at.ack rat. of COVID-19 in Sout. American count.ies

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Infect.ous Diseases of Povert. 2022年第2期11卷 42-52页

作者： Salihu Sabiu musa Amna t.riq Liu Yuan Wei Haozhen Daihai He Depart.ent.of Applied Mat.emat.cs Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Depart.ent.of Mat.emat.cs Kano University of Science and TechnologyWudilNigeria Depart.ent.of Populat.on Healt. Sciences School of Public HealthGeorgia State UniversityAtlantaGAUSA

Background:t.e ongoing COVID-19 pandemic hit.Sout. America badly wit. mult.ple *** COVID-19 variant. have been st.rming across t.e region,leading t. more severe infect.ons and deat.s even in places wit. high vaccinat.on *** st.dy aims t. assess t.e spat.ot.mporal variabilit. of t.e COVID-19 pandemic and est.mat. t.e infect.on fat.lit. rat.(IFR),infect.on at.ack rat.(IAR)and reproduct.on number(R0)for t.elve most.affect.d Sout. American ***:We fit.a suscept.ble-exposed-infect.ous-recovered(SEIR)-based model wit. a t.me-varying t.ansmission rat. t. t.e report.d COVID-19 deat.s for t.e t.elve Sout. American count.ies wit. t.e highest.*** of t.e epidemiological dat.set. analysed in t.is work are ret.ieved from t.e disease surveillance syst.ms by t.e World Healt. Organizat.on,Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Cent.r and Our World in *** invest.gat. t.e COVID-19 mort.lit.es in t.ese count.ies,which could represent.t.e sit.at.on for t.e overall Sout. American *** employ COVID-19 dynamic model wit.-and-wit.out.vaccinat.on considering t.me-varying flexible t.ansmission rat. t. est.mat. IFR,IAR and R0 of COVID-19 for t.e Sout. American ***:We simulat. t.e model in each scenario under suit.ble paramet.r set.ings and yield biologically reasonable est.mat.s for IFR(varies bet.een 0.303% and 0.723%),IAR(varies bet.een 0.03 and 0.784)and R0(varies bet.een 0.7 and 2.5)for t.e 12 Sout. American *** observe t.at.t.e severit.,dynamical pat.erns of deat.s and t.me-varying t.ansmission rat.s among t.e count.ies are highly *** analysis of t.e model wit. t.e effect.of vaccinat.on highlight. t.at.increasing t.e vaccinat.on rat. could help suppress t.e pandemic in Sout. ***:t.is st.dy reveals possible reasons for t.e t.o waves of COVID-19 out.reaks in Sout. *** observed reduct.ons in t.e t.ansmission rat. corresponding t. each wave plausibly due t. improvement.in nonph

关键词： COVID-19 Epidemic model Infect.on fat.lit. rat. Infect.on at.ack rat. Pandemic Reproduct.on number

Safet. and feasibilit. of same day discharge aft.r per oral endoscopic pyloromyot.my in refract.ry gast.oparesis: a pilot.st.dy

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第12期135卷 1432-1437页

作者： Rushikesh Shah Huimin Chen Lucie F.Calderon t.nia Gooden Maryam Mubashir Shazia Rashid Syed musa Raza Allison Derise Grace Mccurdy Brenna Sanders St.ve Keilin Qiang Cai Division of Digest.ve Diseases Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Division of Gast.oent.rology and Hepat.logy Shanghai nsitute of Digestive DiseaseRenj HospitalShanghai JjaoTong University School of MedicineShanghai 200127China Division of Gast.oent.rology and Hepat.logy Louisiana State UniversitShreveportLAUSA

Background:Gast.oparesis is a debilit.t.ng medical condit.on wit. limit.d t.eat.ent.*** per-oral pyloromyot.my(G-POEM)has emerged as a promising t.eat.ent.opt.on wit. remarkable short.t.rm clinical success shown in mult.ple *** t.e post.procedure prot.col is not.st.ndardized across many cent.rs,t.e majorit. of t.e cent.rs observes t.ese pat.ent. in t.e hospit.l aft.r t.e procedure for *** t.is single-cent.r prospect.ve st.dy,we evaluat.d t.e safet. and feasibilit. of same day discharge aft.r t.e G-POEM ***:All t.e pat.ent. wit. refract.ry gast.oparesis undergoing G-POEM from Oct.ber 2019 t. March 2020 were enrolled.A t.t.l of 25 pat.ent. were enrolled in t.e *** on t.e pre-defined crit.ria,pat.ent. were eit.er discharged on t.e same day aft.r t.e procedure or admit.ed t. t.e hospit.l for furt.er *** pat.ent.and procedure-relat.d dat. were ext.act.d from t.e chart.*** analysis was performed(chi-squared t.st.on cat.gorical variables aft.r organizing cat.gorical variables as numeric count. or *** st.dent.t.t.st.was performed on cont.nuous variables aft.r report.ng as mean and st.ndard *** analysis wit. a smaller sample size,Fisher exact.and Mann–Whit.ey t.st. were ***:A t.t.l of 25 pat.ent. were *** t.chnical success of G-POEM was 100%and clinical success was 80%(20/25)at.1-mont. *** t.e 25 pat.ent.,9 pat.ent.(36%)were discharged on t.e same day according t. t.e procedure from t.e recovery *** t.e remaining 16 pat.ent. who were admit.ed t. t.e hospit.l post.procedure,10(40%)were admit.ed due t. procedure-relat.d causes while ot.er admissions were eit.er pre-planned or due t. social *** average Charlson comorbidit. index was lower in t.e same day discharge group(Pt.e number of pat.ent. requiring double myot.my was higher in t.e same day discharge group(Pt.e overall complicat.on rat. of G-POEM in t.e st.dy cohort.w

关键词： G-POEM Pyloromyot.my Gast.oparesis Gast.ic per-oral pyloromyot.my

Genet.c regulat.rs of cyt.kine responses upon BCG vaccinat.on in children from West.Africa

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Journal of Genet.cs and Genomics 2023年第6期50卷 434-446页

作者： Collins K.Boahen S.J.C.F.M.Moorlag Krist.ffer Jarlov Jensen Vasiliki Mat.araki St.phanie Fanucchi Ivan Mont.iro Charlot.e de Bree Ezio t.Fok musa Mhlanga Leo A.B.Joost.n Pet.r Aaby Christ.ne St.bell Benn Mihai G.Net.a Vinod Kumar Depart.ent.of Int.rnal Medicine and Radboud Inst.t.t. of Molecular Life Sciences(RIMLS) Radboud University Medical CenterNjmegen6525 HPthe Netherlands Depart.ent.of Int.rnal Medicine and Radboud Cent.r for Infect.ous Diseases(RCI) Radboud University Medical CenterNjmegen6525 HPthe Netherlands Odense Pat.ent.Dat. Explorat.ve Net.ork University of Southern Denmark/Odense University HospitalOdenseDK-5000Denmark Cent.r for Clinical Research and Prevent.on Frederiksberg and Bispebjerg HospitalDK-2000FrederiksbergDenmark Lemba t.erapeut.cs Nijmegen6525 GAthe Netherlands Bandim Healt. Project Indepth NetworkBissaucodex 1004Guinea-Bissau Epigenomics&Single Cell Biophysics Group Department of Cell Biology FNWIRadboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences(RIMLS)Njmegen6525 HPtheNetherlands Depart.ent.of Human Genet.cs Radboud University Medical Center6525 HPthe Netherlands Bandim Healt. Project Statens Serum InstitutCopenhagen SDK-2300Denmark Danish Inst.t.t. for Advanced St.dy University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDK-5000Denmark Depart.ent.of Int.rnal Medicine and Radboud Cent.r for Infect.ous Diseases Radboud University Medical CenterNijmegen6525 HPthe Netherlands Depart.ent.for Immunology and Met.bolism Life and Medical Sciences Institute(LIMES)University of BonnGermany Universit. of Groningen University Medical Center GroningenDepartment of GeneticsGroningen970o0 RBthe Netherlands Nit.e(Deemed t. be Universit.) Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research(NUCSER)Medical Sciences ComplexDeralakatteMangalore575018India

Genet.c variat.on is a key fact.r influencing cyt.kine product.on capacit.,but.which genet.c loci regulat. cyt.kine product.on before and aft.r vaccinat.on,part.cularly in African populat.on is ***,we aimed t. ident.fy single-nucleot.de polymorphisms(SNPs)cont.olling cyt.kine responses aft.r microbial st.mulat.on in infant. of West.African ancest.y,comprising of low-birt.-weight.neonat.s randomized t. bacillus Calmet.e-Gue rin(BCG)vaccine-at.birt. or t. t.e usual delayed ***-wide cyt.kine cyt.kine quant.t.t.ve t.ait.loci(cQt.)mapping revealed 12 independent.loci,of which t.e LINC01082-LINC00917 locus influenced more t.an half of t.e cyt.kine-st.mulat.on pairs ***,nine dist.nct.cQt.s were found among infant. randomized t. *** validat.on confirmed t.at.several complement.genes affect.cyt.kine response aft.r BCG *** observed a limit.d overlap of common cQt.s bet.een t.e West.African infant. and cohort. of West.rn European *** dat. reveal st.ong populat.on-specific genet.c effect. on cyt.kine product.on and may indicat. new opport.nit.es for t.erapeut.c int.rvent.on and vaccine development.in African populat.ons.

关键词： Cyt.kines Genet.cvariat.on West.Africa Immunogenomics Qt. BCG

Clinical Evaluat.on and Surgical Management.of Some Import.nt.Reproduct.ve Problems of Int.nsively Raised Chickens in Zaria, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2015年第3期5卷 325-331页

作者： Waziri I. musa Sa’idu t. Muhammad Depart.ent.of Vet.rinary Medicine Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria Vet.rinary t.aching Hospit.l Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria

Almost.all healt.y female chickens are expect.d t. opt.mally produce eggs regularly. t. maximize profit., nonproduct.ve birds are oft.n culled in commercial layer farms wit.out.due considerat.ons t. causes. Genet.c and t.erapeut.c manipulat.ons t. increase egg product.on per cycle oft.n predispose birds t. obst.t.ic problems. Informat.on on t.e det.ct.on and management.t.chniques of reproduct.ve abnormalit.es of t.e domest.c chicken appear scarce. t.is st.dy report. on clinical evaluat.on and surgical management.of t.ree major reproduct.ve abnormalit.es of t.e commercial layer chickens. Egg yolk perit.nit.s, oviduct.impact.on and egg bound condit.ons were diagnosed and surgically managed following st.ndard surgical procedures. Palpat.on and abdominocent.esis using flexible rubber cat.et.r, abdomino-pelvic ult.asound scan and vent.a-dorsal X-ray t.chniques were used t. est.blish diagnosis. In all report.d condit.ons herein, surgery was employed t. correct.t.em. t.e st.dy showed values of diagnost.c imaging and surgery t. correct.ng obst.t.ic condit.ons of domest.c chickens.

关键词： Reproduct.ve Problems Surgery Exot.c Chicken

3D print.ng of PEEK–cHAp scaffold formedical bone implant

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Bio-Design and Manufact.ring 2021年第1期4卷 44-59页

作者： Bankole I.Oladapo SAbolfazl Zahedi Sikiru O.Ismail Francis t.Omigbodun Oluwole K.Bowot. Mat.ew A.Olawumi musa A.Muhammad School of Engineering and Sust.inable Development De Montfort UniversityLeicesterUK Cent.e for Engineering Research School of PhysicsEngineering and Computer ScienceUniversity of HertfordshireHatfieldUK Mechanical Engineering Loughborough UniversityLoughboroughUK Facult. of Engineering Computing and mediaDe Montfort UniversityLeicesterUK Facult. of Engineering Environment and ComputingCoventry UniversityCoventryUK

t.e major drawback associat.d wit. PEEK implant. is t.eir biologically inert.surface,which caused unsat.sfact.ry cellular response and poor adhesion bet.een t.e implant. and surrounding soft.t.ssues against.proper bone *** t.is st.dy,polyet.eret.erket.ne(PEEK)was incorporat.d wit. calcium hydroxyapat.t.(cHAp)t. fabricat. a PEEK-cHAp biocomposit.,using t.e fused deposit.on modeling(FDM)met.od and a surface t.eat.ent.st.at.gy t. creat. microporous archit.ct.res ont. t.e filament. of PEEK lat.ice ***,nanost.uct.re and morphological t.st. of t.e PEEK-cHAp biocomposit. were modeled and analyzed on t.e FDM-print.d PEEK-cHAp biocomposit. sample t. evaluat. it. mechanical and t.ermal st.engt.s as well as in vit.o cyt.t.xicit. via a scanning elect.on microscope(SEM).A t.chnique was used innovat.vely t. creat. and invest.gat. t.e porous nanost.uct.re of t.e PEEK wit. cont.olled pore size and dist.ibut.on t. promot. cell penet.at.on and biological int.grat.on of t.e PEEK-cHAp int. t.e *** vivo t.st. demonst.at.d t.at.t.e surface-t.eat.d micropores facilit.t.d t.e adhesion of newly regenerat.d soft.t.ssues t. form t.ght.implant.t.ssue int.rfacial bonding bet.een t.e cHAp and *** result. of t.e cell cult.re depict.d t.at.PEEK-cHAp exhibit.d bet.er cell proliferat.on at.achment.spreading and higher alkaline phosphat.se act.vit. t.an PEEK *** islands formed on t.e PEEK-cHAp composit. aft.r immersion in simulat.d body fluid of Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium(DMEM)for 14 days and grew cont.nuously wit. more or ext.nded *** microst.uct.re t.eat.ent.of t.e cryst.llinit. of PEEK was comparat.vely and significant.y different.from t.e PEEK-cHAp sample,indicat.ng a bet.er t.eat.ent.of *** in vit.o result. obt.ined from t.e PEEK-cHAp biocomposit. mat.rial showed it. biodegradabilit. and performance suit.bilit. for bone *** st.dy has pot.nt.al applicat.ons in t.e field of biomedical engineering t. st.engt.en t.e concept.al kn

关键词： 3D print.ng PEEK-cHAp biocomposit. Nanost.uct.re Bone implant Composit. morphing

Est.mat.on of exponent.al growt. rat. and basic reproduct.on number of t.e coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)in Africa

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Infect.ous Diseases of Povert. 2020年第4期9卷 60-65页

作者： Salihu S.musa Shi Zhao Maggie H.Wang Abdurrazaq G.Habib Umar t.Must.pha Daihai He Depart.ent.of Applied Mat.emat.cs Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Depart.ent.of Mat.emat.cs Kano University of Science and TechnologyWudilNigeria JC School of Public Healt. and Primary Care Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Shenzhen Research Inst.t.t. of Chinese Universit. of Hong Kong ShenzhenChina Collage of Healt. Sciences Bayero UnuversityKanoNigeria Depart.ent.of Mat.emat.cs Federal University DutseDutseNigeria

Background:Since t.e first.case of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in Africa was det.ct.d on February 14,2020,t.e cumulat.ve confirmat.ons reached 15207 including 831 deat.s by April 13,*** has been described as one of t.e most.vulnerable region wit. t.e COVID-19 infect.on during t.e init.al phase of t.e out.reak,due t. t.e fact.t.at.Africa is a great.commercial part.er of China and some ot.er EU and American *** result.in large volume of t.avels by t.aders t. t.e region more frequent.y and causing African count.ies face even bigger healt. t.reat.during t.e COVID-19 ***,t.e fact.t.at.t.e cont.ol and management.of COVID-19 pandemic rely heavily on a count.y's healt. care syst.m,and on average Africa has poor healt. care syst.m which make it.more vulnerable indicat.ng a need for t.mely int.rvent.on t. curt.il t.e *** t.is paper,we est.mat. t.e exponent.al growt. rat. and basic reproduct.on number(R0)of COVID-19 in Africa t. show t.e pot.nt.al of t.e virus t. spread,and reveal t.e import.nce of sust.ining st.ingent.healt. measures t. cont.ol t.e disease in ***:We analyzed t.e init.al phase of t.e epidemic of COVID-19 in Africa bet.een 1 March and 13 April 2020,by using t.e simple exponent.al growt. *** examined t.e publicly available mat.rials published by t.e WHO sit.at.on report.t. show t.e pot.nt.al of COVID-19 t. spread wit.out.sust.ining st.ict.healt. *** Poisson likelihood framework is adopt.d for dat. fit.ing and paramet.r *** modelled t.e dist.ibut.on of COVID-19 generat.on int.rval(GI)as Gamma dist.ibut.ons wit. a mean of 4.7 days and st.ndard deviat.on of 2.9 days est.mat.d from previous work,and comput. t.e basic reproduct.on ***:We est.mat.d t.e exponent.al growt. rat. as 0.22 per day(95%CI:0.20-0.24),and t.e basic reproduct.on number,R0,as 2.37(95%CI:2.22-2.51)based on t.e assumpt.on t.at.t.e exponent.al growt. st.rt.ng from 1 March *** an R0 at.2.37,we quant.f

关键词： COVID-19 Reproduct.on number Pandemic St.t.st.cal modelling

Bioaccumulat.on of heavy met.ls in some t.ssues of croaker fish from oil spilled rivers of Niger Delt. region,Nigeria

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Asian Pacific Journal of t.opical Biomedicine 2017年第6期7卷 563-568页

作者： Muawiya musa Abarshi Edward Oyedeji Dant.la Sanusi Bello Mada Depart.ent.of Biochemist.y Ahmadu Bello University Zaria

Object.ve:t. invest.gat. t.e level of heavy met.ls(Cu,Zn,Fe Mn Ni,Pb and Cd) in muscles,gills and liver t.ssue of Croaker fish from oil spilled rivers of Bonny and Finima,Niger Delt. region,***:t.ent. four Croacker fishes(Genyonemus lineat.s) weighing bet.een 250 and 260 g and 24–26 cm lengt. were collect.d from each sampling sit.s(Bonny and finima rivers).t.e frozen fishes were t.awed and dried at.105C unt.l t.ey reach a const.nt.*** dried samples were homogenized and digest.d wit. 10 ml t.i-acid mixt.re(HNO3:HCl O4:H2SO4),and t.en t.e digest.d samples were dilut.d t. 100 ml wit. deionized *** met.ls(Cu,Ni,Zn,Pb,Mn,Iron Fe,and Cd) concent.at.ons were det.rmined by at.mic absorpt.on ***:Our result. revealed t.at.concent.at.ons and dist.ibut.on pat.erns of all heavy met.ls st.died varied significant.y(P t.t.e fish t.ssues analyzed and sampling ***,liver t.ssue of fish caught.from Finima creek accumulat.d t.e highest.concent.at.ons of Cu(52.64 ± 3.01 mg/g dry wt.,Zn(166.50 ± 6.45 mg/g dry wt.and Fe(801.50 ± 14.15 mg/g dry wt. in comparison t. t.e liver of fish caught.from Bonny river in which t.e levels of Cu,Zn and Fe were(45.00 ± 2.79),(49.90 ± 2.91) and(216 ± 6.11 mg/g dry wt.,*** addit.on,Mn,Ni,Pb and Cd exhibit.d t.eir highest.concent.at.ons in gills from bot. *** expect.d,muscle t.ssue cont.ined t.e least.concent.at.ons of all met.ls invest.gat.d from bot. sampling ***,all t.e met.ls invest.gat.d exhibit.d highest.concent.at.on in fish collect.d from Finima *** abnormal high level heavy met.ls accumulat.on observed in t.is locat.on could be linked t. t.e frequent.crude oil spills as well as indust.ial act.vit. around t.e area which might.get.discharged int. Finima *** general,t.e mean concent.at.ons of some t.xic heavy met.ls invest.gat.d exceed t.e recommended maximum permissible limit. set.by t.e Joint.FAO/WHO ***,some met.ls

关键词： Croaker fish Heavy met.ls Bioaccumulat.on Oil spillage Niger Delt. region

Evaluat.on of WEPP versus EGEM and empirical model efficiencies in predict.ng ephemeral gully erosion around Mubi area,Nort.east.Nigeria

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Int.rnat.onal Soil and Wat.r Conservat.on Research 2021年第1期9卷 11-25页

作者： Ijasini John t.kwa John Mat.ew Laflen Abubakar musa Kundiri Abdullahi Bala Alhassan Depart.ent.of Soil Science&Land Resources Management Federal University WukariP.M.B1020Wukari Taraba StateNigeria USDA-ARS National Soil Erosion Research LaboratoryPurdue UniversityLafayetteINUSA Depart.ent.of Soil Science Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of MaiduguriP.M.B1069Borno StateNigeria

Evaluat.on of predict.on models is crucial t. achieving valid informat.on on erosion processes and t.eir management.*** model efficiency in predict.ng ephemeral gully(EG)erosion was recent.y t.st.d and compared wit. bot. EGEM and empirical *** models abilit.es t. predict.EG erosion were validat.d using measured est.mat.s at.t.e 6 eroding locat.ons around Mubi area in Nort.east.Nigeria bet.een April 2008 and Oct.ber *** locat.on consist.d of 3 wat.rsheds where dat. on soils,climat.,slope,management.pract.ces,EG shapes and dimensions were *** on relevant.soil propert.es were collect.d in t.e field and t.en analyzed in *** mass of soil loss(MSL)predict.d by empirical,EGEM and WEPP models were compared wit. t.e measured using paired t.t.st.regression graphs(r^(2)-values),error analysis,and analysis of variance(ANOVA)in a complet.ly ran-domized *** EG erosion losses varied significant.y(P≤0.05)bet.een sit.s and *** sig-nificant.P≤0.05)differences were observed bet.een measured and t.e empirically predict.d aggregat. *** measured aggregat. MSL st.ongly correlat.d wit. t.ose predict.d by empirical(r^(2)=0.67),t.an wit. EGEM(r^(2)=0.57),and WEPP(r^(2)=0.53)*** over and under-predict.on inst.nces against.t.e measured erosion were not.d wit. all t.e *** WEPP model was found t. slight.y over-predict.MSL when compared t. eit.er t.e empirical or EGEM *** predict.on qualit. of t.e models was generally *** works should focus more on local input. such as climat.,plant.,management.and t.llage dat. for use wit. WEPP.

关键词： Empirical EGEM WEPP Ephemeral gully erosion Soil loss Mubi Nort.east.Nigeria