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Natural Science 2020年第1期12卷 28-34页

作者： Einas Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed Nagwa Idriss Ali Ahmed musa ibrahim babiker hussein Rasha Abd Elhai Mohammad Taha Mohammed Idriss Ahmed Mubarak Dirar Abd-Alla Department of Physics University College (Turaba) Taif University Taif KSA Department of Physics and Mathematics Hantoub Faculty of Education Algezira University Wad Madaniin-Hantoub Sudan Department of Physics Faculty of Science & Art (Dariyah) Qassim University Al-Mulida KSA Department of Physics and Mathematics Faculty of Education Albutana University Rufaa Sudan Department of Physics Faculty of Science & Art Dariyah University Buljurashi KSA Department of Physics College of Science Majmaah University Majmaah KSA Department of Physics Faculty of Science Sudan University of Science and Technology Khartoum Sudan

A pressure dependent Schrodinger equation is used to find the conditions that lead to superconductivity. When no pressure is exerted, the superconductor resistance vanishes beyond a critical temperature related to the repulsive force potential of the electron gass, where one assuming the electron total energy to be thermal, where applying mechanical pressure destroys Sc when it exceeds a certain critical value. However when the electron total energy is an assumed to be that of the free electron model and that the pressure is thermal and mechanical, the situation is different. The quantum expression for resistance shows that the increase of mechanical pressure increases the critical temperature. Such phenomenon is observed in high temperature cupper group.

关键词： Pressure Dependent Schrodinger Equation Superconductivity Critical Temperature Pressure High Temperature Superconductor

Effect of Different Mulching Materials on Growth Parameters and Yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) Production in Minna, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Forestry 2024年第3期14卷 197-213页

作者： Ebierin Akpoebidimiyen Otuaro John Jiya musa Mohammed musa Isah Abayomi ibrahim Kuti Muhammad Yusuf Salihu Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Maritime University Okerenkoko Nigeria Department of Agriculture and Bioresources Engineering Federal University of Technology Minna Nigeria

During the 2022 growing season (August to November) at the Federal University of Technology, Minna School farm, Niger State, an experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of mulching on Okras growth, yield, and moisture content was examined across four distinct growth stages (initial, development, mid, and late) and at varying soil depths (0 - 30 cm and 30 - 60 cm). The study employed a randomised complete block design with four replications, encompassing control (T0), groundnut shells mulch (T1), black polythene mulch (T2), and white polythene mulch (T3) as treatments. The highest average Okra fresh pod yield, amounting to 23.4 t/ha, was achieved by implementing white plastic mulch, contrasting with the control treatment, which yielded the lowest at 22 t/ha. Notably, the control plots exhibited yield reductions of up to 32% compared to the plots employing white plastic mulching. The utilisation of mulch had a notable impact on the overall crop yield, with the superior quality evident in the treatment employing white plastic mulch (26 t/ha). The control treatment exhibited the lowest quality at 24.3 t/ha. Groundnut shell mulch influenced moisture conservation, but no significant variance was observed compared to the control plots. Therefore, the study suggests that polythene mulch may be the most suitable type to enhance the quality of okra production by conserving soil moisture. Among the biodegradable and non-biodegradable mulches used in this study, white polythene mulch was the most effective.

关键词： Crop Groundnut Shell Mulch Plastic Pod Soil

Effect of Tillage Practices on Hydro-Physical Properties of Soils in a Rice-Grown Environment in North Central Nigeria

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第5期15卷 527-536页

作者： Ebierni Akpoebidimiyen Otuaro John Jiya musa Felix Oguche Abayomi ibrahim Kuti Abubakar Ndaman Civil Engineering Department Maritime University Okerenkoko Nigeria Department of Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering Federal University of Technology Minna Nigeria Institute of Water and Environmental Management Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management University of Debrecen Boszormenyi St Hungary

This study details soil’s physical and chemical properties in a rice-grown environment in Minna environs Niger State, Nigeria, under different soil and water conservation practices. Soil samples were collected at 0 - 10 cm, 10 - 20 cm and 20 - 30 cm, respectively, using a soil auger to determine their physical and chemical properties such as moisture content, particle size, bulk density, particle density, porosity and organic matter. The textural classification determined the percentage dominance of the soil types in each study site location. The moisture content of site 1 ranged between 14.3% to 13.7%, site 2 ranged between 13.2% to 10.2%, site 3 ranged between 15.4% to 13.2%, site 4 ranged between 15.6% to 13.6% and site 5 ranged between 16.1% to 10.9%. The clay content of sites 3, 4 and 5 is higher than that of sites 1 and 2, while the silt contents of sites 1, 2 and 3 are higher than that of sites 4 and 5. The mean value of soil organic carbon from each study location was 2.37%, 2.03%, 2.43%, 2.07% and 2.17% for sites 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. Therefore, site 1 is susceptible to erosion because of poor infiltration rate and well-ploughed or cultivated land by the tractor (harrowed). The particle sizes analysis indicated that the soil type in Site 1 and Site 2 is mainly sandy loam, while Site 3 and Site 5 are mainly loamy and predominantly clay loam in Site 4.

关键词： Degradation Erosion Fertility Irrigation Management

Effect of Water Application Rate on Growth Parameters of Farro 44 Rice Grown in a Selected Irrigation Scheme in Niger State, Nigeria

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 533-547页

作者： Ebierni Akpoebidimiyen Otuaro John Jiya musa Abayomi ibrahim Kuti Peter Obasa Sunday Enebojojo Daniel Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Maritime University Okerenkoko Nigeria Department of Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering Federal University of Technology Minna Nigeria Department of Agricultural and Bio-Environmental Engineering Technology Kogi State Polytechnic Lokoja Nigeria

Water and land are the necessary agricultural inputs, and both are scarce these days. This study aims to determine the effect of water application rate on selected planting and crop parameters of Farro 44 rice during dry season farming and its growth response. The randomised complete block design was employed for the Farro 44 rice variety, with each plot size 4 m2 (2 m × 2 m) for ease of monitoring. A 0.3 m bound space separated each plot. The crop spacing was 0.2 m × 0.3 m, 0.3 m × 0.3 m, and 0.3 m × 0.4 m, respectively, for the row-to-row and plant-to-plant distance. The data collected were statistically analysed. The height of the faro 44 variety of rice ranged between 35.50 cm to 44.00 cm for plots with 2 tillers per hill, while that of 4 and 6 tillers per hill ranged between 35.50 cm to 41.40 cm and 35.50 cm to 39.30 cm, respectively. Minimum damage of 2.32% was seen for plant hills of 2 tillers, while 9.21% and 11.89% were observed for tillers of 4 and 6, respectively. It was seen that plots with the highest spacing of 30 × 40 cm and tillers of 2 per hill were observed to perform better than those of the other plots within the experimental pots. Such plots had a maximum plant tiller of 37 when counted, with the height of the plants reaching 44 cm after 70 days of planting. In conclusion, farmers within the study area of the Kanko community in Niger State. Nigeria appears not to have any known knowledge of the soil they are cultivating and the water they use as a source of irrigation within the farming areas. It was further concluded that the rice crops would be produced maximally with minimal water application to the rice field.

关键词： Farro 44 Water Rice Irrigation Days

Evaluation of Some Treatment Options Inlate and Neglected Hip Fractures Using the Modified Harris Hip Score

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第6期14卷 259-269页

作者： Shaphat Shuaibu ibrahim Abubakar musa Olaoluwa Moses Shodipo Emuan Timothy Zailani Buhari Stephen Yusuf Mienda Isa Department of Orthopaedics Abubakar Tafawa-Balewa University Teaching Hospital (ATBUTH) Bauchi Nigeria Orthopaedic Unit Department of Surgery FMC Bida Nigeria

Background: The choice of the appropriate operative intervention in patients with late and neglected hip fracture continuous to be a huge dilemma for orthopedic surgeons. Purpose: To evaluate the satisfaction or otherwise of some treatment options using the modified Harris-hip score (HHS) in resource poor setting. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at ATBUTH, Bauchi. Data of 60 patients over the age of 18 years with hip fractures (femoral neck, intertrochanteric and sub trochanteric fractures) who had operative intervention between 1st September 2019 and 31st August 2020 with cannulated screws, Proximal femur lock compression plate (PFLCP), cementlessor cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty (BHA). Results: The mean age of studied patients was 65.7 ± 16.1 years, with age ranging from 19 - 101 years. M:F ratio was 1.2:1 across all age groups and 1:1.4 amongst those >60 years. 51 patients (85%) presented > 1 week after injury with 24 patients (40%) sustaining hip fractures from low energy trivial indoor fall and 28 patients (46.7%) mostly younger sustaining fractures from high energy motor vehicular accident (MVA). The prevalence rate for femoral neck, intertrochanteric and subtrochanteric fractures were 32 (53.3%), 17 (28.3%) and 11 (18.3%) respectively. From the data retrieved, 21patients (35.0%), 17 patients (28.3%), 20 patients (33.3%) and 2 patients (3.3%) had PFLCP, cemented BHA, cementless BHA and cannulated screw fixation respectively. Most (66.7%) of those who had PFLCP achieved satisfactory radiologic union and there was also 94.1% and 85% satisfactory outcome rate amongst the patients with cemented BHA and cementless BHA respectively. Irrespective of the operative intervention method at 1 year follow-up, there was a statistically significant improvement in post-operative HHS (P value 0.02), with 83.4% having good to excellent results. Conclusion: There is highrate of late and neglected hip fracture in our environment. Satisfac

关键词： Hip Fracture Late and Neglected BHA PFLCP Cannulatedscrew Outcome Measures HHS

Risk Factors for Lower Extremity Amputation among Diabetic Patients with Diabetic Foot Gangrene in ATBUTH, Bauchi

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第9期14卷 391-403页

作者： Stephen Yusuf Shaphat Shuaibu ibrahim Abubakar musa Yusuf Aliyu Salihu Friday Titus Nyako Ngwan David Wujika Department of Orthoepaedics and Trauma Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital Bauchi Nigeria Radiology Department Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital Bauchi Nigeria Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery University of Maiduguri Maiduguri Nigeria Department of Surgery Modibbo-Adama University Teaching Hospital Yola Nigeria

Background: Diabetic mellitus was described as an evolving global epidemic of the twenty-first century, due to the exponential rise in the number of people with the condition. Lower extremity amputation is one of the common complications of diabetes. With increase in the number of people with diabetes there will also be increase in the number of diabetics going for lower extremity amputation, increasing both the financial as well as psychologic burden of treatment. Methodology: A prospective cross-sectional study of all diabetic patients going for lower extremity amputation will be done. All the patients with advanced diabetic foot syndrome needing lower extremity amputation are enrolled (Wagener stage IV and V), both through the clinic and emergency center. Informed consent is obtained from the patient after which data are collected using a structured questionnaire. All the investigation results of the patients were also documented. Data collected are analyzed using the SPSS version 29. Chi-square and student t-test were used to measure significant relationship between the variables at 95% confident interval. Results: Within the period of study, which extends from 1st January 2022 to 1st of January 2024, a total of 171 patients were recruited. All diabetic patients with diabetic foot Wagener grade IV and V who presented to the clinic or emergency department were enrolled in the study. We found a significant relationship between gender, previous procedure on the affected limb or amputation of the contralateral limb, knowledge of foot care among diabetics and risk of amputation. There was, however, no statistically significant relationship between. There is no statistically significance relationship between the level of education, occupation, presence of co-morbidity with the risk of amputation among diabetic patients with foot syndrome. Conclusion: Previous lower limb procedure/amputation, male gender, paucity of knowledge on foot care, prolonged duration of the dis

关键词： Diabetes Mellitus Lower Limb Amputation Risk Factors Rehabilitation

Clinical Versus Doppler Based Assessment in Determining Amputation Level in Diabetic Foot Gangrene;A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study at Atbuth, Bauchi

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第8期14卷 366-373页

作者： Shaphat Shuaibu ibrahim Stephen Yusuf Abubakar musa Shirama Yakubu Bababa Yusuf Aliyu Salihu Makama Baje Salihu Bukar Shehu Department of Orthoepaedics and Trauma Abubakar Tafawa-Balewa University Teaching Hospital Bauchi Nigeria Department of Radiology Abubakar Tafawa-Balewa University Teaching Hospital Bauchi Nigeria Department of Surgery Abubakar Tafawa-Balewa University Teaching Hospital Bauchi Nigeria

Background: Amputation is defined as the surgical removal of a limb or part of a limb through the bone. If the amputation is done above or below the knee, they are termed major while minor amputations involve the partial removal of foot including forefoot resections, ray amputation of the digits or parts of the digits. Significant number of patients with diabetic foot ulcers end with amputations. In the past the amputation level was decided by clinical assessment alone, such as physical examination using color, temperature, peripheral pulses and wound bleeding during surgical procedure. The use of Doppler ultrasound to measure arterial blood pressure at the proposed amputation site has been advocated as a predictor of amputation success. An optimal choice of the level of amputation can reduce amputation complications. Methodology: A Prospective comparative randomized cross-sectional study carried out between 1st January 2022 and 1st January 2024 in ATBUTH, Bauchi amongst patients with diabetic foot Wagener stage IV and V scheduled for amputation. Outcome measures of wound break down, flap necrosis and re-amputation were assessed amongst the clinical based level assessment group and the doppler based level assessment group. Results: A total of 171 patients were recruited into the study. Males 103 and 68 are females, giving a male to female ratio of 1.5:1. mean age 47 years. There were 84 patients in the clinical based level assessment group and 87 patients in the doppler based level assessment. Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus foot disease is a significant risk factor for non-traumatic lower limb amputation and doppler level assessment is superior to clinical level in determining amputation level among diabetic patients scheduled for amputation. P-value 0.003.

关键词： Diabetics Amputation Foot Gangrene Doppler Clinical

Hematological picture of pediatric Sudanese patients with visceral leishmaniasis and prediction of leishmania donovani parasite load

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第30期12卷 6374-6382页

作者： Zeinab ibrahim Ahmed Elnoor Omaima Abdelmajeed Alamin Mustafa Thuraya Gasim Shima Algam Mohamed musa Abdelrahman Hamza Abdelmoneim Islamia ibrahim Ahmed Omer Hiba Awadelkareem Osman Fadl Department of Pathology Faculty of MedicineOmdurman Ahilia UniversityOmdurmanKhartoumSudan Mohammed Alamin Hamid Pediatric Hospital Omdurman KhartoumSudan Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion Medicine Federal Ministry of HealthKhartoumSudan Department of Pediatrics Faculty of MedicineOmdurman Islamic UniversityOmdurmanKhartoumSudan Tropical Diseases Teaching Hospital OmdurmanKhartoumSudan Faculty of Medicine Al-Neelain UniversityKhartoumSudan Faculty of Medicine Omdurman Islamic UniversityOmdurmanKhartoumSudan Department of Pediatrics Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Science and TechnologyKhartoumSudan Department of Hematology Faculty of Medical Laboratory SciencesAl-Neelain UniversityKhartoumSudan

BACKGROUND Visceral leishmaniasis(VL)is a systemic protozoan infection caused by Leishmania donovani(***)and transmitted by sand flies,causing macrophage invasion in the liver,spleen,and bone *** of VL is currently based on clinical signs,symptoms,and specific in-vitro markers and bone marrow ***,VL's specific hematological and bone marrow manifestation in Sudanese pediatric patients is not well *** To examine the blood and bone marrow characteristics in pediatric patients from Sudan who have *** This is a retrospective hospital-based study with a sample of 107 consecutive Sudanese pediatric *** data focused on hematological and bone marrow *** included only the completed records of the pediatric patients with VL in the Tropical Disease Teaching Hospital in Khartoum,Sudan from the period of 2016 to *** The majority of pediatric patients included in this study are below 5-years-old(n=59,55.2%).Moreover,anemia,thrombocytopenia,and leukopenia were among the prevalent characteristics in the population under *** further analyze the data,we developed a machine learning model using boosted forest algorithms to predict *** parasites load,with a mean accuracy of 0.88 for the training dataset and an accuracy of 0.46,0.50,and 0.74 for mild,moderate,and severe *** parasite load in the validation *** This study shows that the most common bone marrow change among Sudanese VL children was increased chronic inflammatory cells(n=88,82.2%)with present macrophage hemophagocytes(n=103,96.3%).While anemia and thrombocytopenia were the most common hematological *** results will hopefully lead to an early diagnosis and hence better management for Sudanese pediatric patients with suspected VL.

关键词： Machine learning Bone marrow Hematological changes Tropical diseases Leishmania donovani Visceral leishmaniasis

Epidemiology of Measles Cases in South Darfur State, Sudan, 2011-2015

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2017年第12期30卷 917-921页

作者： TAHA hussein musa REHAB ibrahim Kambo ABDELKAREEM Abdallah Ahmed HASSAN hussein musa Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering Ministry of Education Department of Epidemioiogy and Biostatistics School of Public Health Southeast University Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu China World Health Organization WHO South Darfur Sub-Office Nyala 999129 Sudan Department of Physiology and Biochemistry Faculty of Veterinary Sciences University of Nyala P.O Box 155 999129 Sudan Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Khartoum Khartoum state P.O. Box 11081 Khartoum 999219 Sudan

Case-based surveillance measles data was defined according to World Health Organization （WHO） guidelines. A total of 511 measles cases were studied from 2011 to 2015 in Southern Darfur State, Sudan and 58.1% of cases were confirmed from Nyala city. About 43.4% of cases were males, 56.6% of cases were female, and 47.7% were children under five years old. Similarity, within February to June, the cases increased by 8.0% in children vaccinated through measles campaign, and 5.3% in children that used child vaccination card and 78.7% in unvaccinated one.

关键词： Epidemiology of Measles Cases South Darfur State

A Hybrid Model for Improving Software Cost Estimation in Global Software Development

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 1399-1422页

作者： Mehmood Ahmed Noraini B.ibrahim Wasif Nisar Adeel Ahmed Muhammad Junaid Emmanuel Soriano Flores Divya Anand Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Parit RajaBatu Pahat86400Malaysia Department of Computer Science COMSATS University Wah Cantt CampusIslamabad47010Pakistan Department of Information Technology The University of HaripurKhyber Pakhtunkhwa22620Pakistan Engineering Research Innovation Group Universidad Europea del AtlanticoSantander39011Spain

Accurate software cost estimation in Global Software Development(GSD)remains challenging due to reliance on historical data and expert *** models,such as the Constructive Cost Model(COCOMO II),rely heavily on historical and accurate *** addition,expert judgment is required to set many input parameters,which can introduce subjectivity and variability in the estimation ***,there is a need to improve the current GSD models to mitigate reliance on historical data,subjectivity in expert judgment,inadequate consideration of GSD-based cost drivers and limited integration of modern technologies with cost *** study introduces a novel hybrid model that synergizes the COCOMO II with Artificial Neural Networks(ANN)to address these *** proposed hybrid model integrates additional GSD-based cost drivers identified through a systematic literature review and further vetted by industry *** article compares the effectiveness of the proposedmodelwith state-of-the-artmachine learning-basedmodels for software cost *** the NASA 93 dataset by adopting twenty-six GSD-based cost drivers reveals that our hybrid model achieves superior accuracy,outperforming existing *** findings indicate the potential of combining COCOMO II,ANN,and additional GSD-based cost drivers to transform cost estimation in GSD.

关键词： Artificial neural networks COCOMO II cost drivers global software development linear regression software cost estimation