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Endocrine and Metabolic Effects of Hydroethanolic Extract of Solenostemon monostachyus on Haloperidol Induced Hyperprolactinemia

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2015年第8期3卷 391-399页

作者： Omoloye Adesina Adebiyi Quasim Kifayat Olabisi Johnson Samuel Onnolome murtala abdullahi akanji Department of Clinical Pharmacy Faculty of Pharmacy Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital Sagamu-Ogun State234 Nigeria Department of Chemical Pathology and Immunology Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital Sagamu-Ogun State 234Nigeria Department of Phamacology Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences Olabisi Onabanjo University Sagamu-Ogun State 234 Nigeria

The rapid increase in consumption of herbal remedies worldwide has been stimulated by several factors, including the notion that all herbal products are safe and effective. Hyperprolactinemia is a major cause of infertility, and herbal remedies have been employed locally for treatment. This study was designed to investigate the effects of hydroethanolic extract of Solenostemon monostachyus on the reproductive hormones and metabolic parameters of haloperidol-induced hyperprolactinemic rats. Thirty six female albino rats were divided into 6 groups of 6 in each group. Groups A, B, C, D and E were given increasing doses （2, 3 and 4 mg/kg body weight in five-daily increments） of haloperidol by intramuscular injection for 15 days after which they were treated for another 15 days with either 2.5mg/kg body weight ofbromocriptine （group D only） or 75, 112.5 or 225mg/kg body weight of the extract （groups A, B and C, respectively）. Group F was given distilled water only. After treatment, the animals were sacrificed and blood was taken from each group for plasma analysis of the reproductive hormones and metabolic parameters. The total protein and the lipid profile （total cholesterol and HDL （high-density lipoprotein） and triglycerides were also determined. Phytochemical investigation revealed the presence of saponins, phenols, alkaloids, fiavonoids, and tannins. The result of endocrine investigation showed a dose-dependent, statistically significant reduction in prolactin and testosterone （P 〈 0.05） level by the extract with statistical significant increase （P 〈 0.05） in the levels of the follicle stimulating hormone, LH （luteinizing hormone） and estrogen. There was also a decrease in the levels of the triglycerides and total cholesterol while HDL was increased （P 〉 0.05）. It can be concluded from this study, that hydroethanolic extract has a prolactin reducing activity compared with Bromocriptine and exhibited a corresponding statistical significant difference in other reprodu

关键词： Hyperprolactinemia bromocriptine haloperidol reproductive hormones Solenostemon monostachyus.

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Phytoremediation Strategies for Heavy Metal Contamination: A Review on Sustainable Approach for Environmental Restoration

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第4期15卷 450-474页

作者： Mariam Salifu Matthew Abu John murtala Abubakar Ibukunoluwa Abimbola Bankole Nneka Damola Ajayi Olawumi Amusan Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Mississippi Olemiss MS USA Department of Biochemistry Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria Department of Plant Pathology North Dakota State University Fargo ND USA Directorate of Research and Development Nigerian Institute of Leather and Science Technology (NILEST) Zaria Nigeria Department of Chemistry University of Akron Akron OH USA

Current globalization trends and important breakthroughs globally need a complete study of heavy metal contamination, its causes, its impacts on human and environmental health, and different remediation strategies. Heavy metal pollution is mostly produced by urbanization and industry, which threatens ecosystems and human health. Herein, we discuss a sustainable environmental restoration strategy employing phytoremediation for heavy metal pollution, the carcinogenic, mutagenic, and cytotoxic effects of heavy metals such as cadmium, copper, mercury, selenium, zinc, arsenic, chromium, lead, nickel, and silver, which may be fatal. Phytoremediation, which was prioritized, uses plants to remove, accumulate, and depollute pollutants. This eco-friendly method may safely collect, accumulate, and detoxify toxins using plants, making it popular. This study covers phytostabilization, phytodegradation, rhizodegradation, phytoextraction, phytovolatilization, and rhizofiltration. A phytoremediation process’s efficiency in varied environmental circumstances depends on these components’ complex interplay. This paper also introduces developing phytoremediation approaches including microbe-assisted, chemical-assisted, and organic or bio-char use. These advancements attempt to overcome conventional phytoremediation’s limitations, such as limited suitable plant species, location problems, and sluggish remediation. Current research includes machine learning techniques and computer modeling, biostimulation, genetic engineering, bioaugmentation, and hybrid remediation. These front-line solutions show that phytoremediation research is developing towards transdisciplinary efficiency enhancement. We acknowledge phytoremediation’s promise but also its drawbacks, such as site-specific variables, biomass buildup, and sluggish remediation, as well as ongoing research to address them. In conclusion, heavy metal pollution threatens the ecology and public health and must be reduced. Phytoremediation

关键词： Phytoremediation Heavy-Metal Contamination Sustainability Restoration

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Application of Parametric-Based Framework for Regionalisation of Flow Duration Curves

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2016年第5期4卷 89-99页

作者： Martins Yusuf Otache Muhammad abdullahi Tyabo Iyanda murtala Animashaun Lydia Pam Ezekiel Department of Agricultural & Bioresources Engineering Federal University of Technology Minna Nigeria Department of Technical Education Niger State College of Education Minna Nigeria

It is common knowledge that the end user of stream flow data may necessarily not have any prior knowledge of the quality control measures applied in their generation, therefore, conclusions drawn most often times may not be effective as desired. Thus, this study is an attempt at providing an independent quality construct to boost the confidence in the use of stream flow data by developing regional flow duration curves for selected ungauged stations of the upper Niger River Basin, Nigeria. Toward this end, stream flow data for seven gauging stations cover some sub basins in the Basin were obtained;precisely, monthly stream flow data covering a range of eleven to fifty-three years period. The flow duration curves from the gauging stations were fitted with three probability distribution models;i.e., logarithmic, power and exponential regression models. For the regionalisation, parameterisation was carried out in terms of the drainage area alone to allow for simplicity of models. Results obtained showed that the exponential regression model, in terms of Coefficient of Determination (R2) had the best fit. Though the regionalised model was simple, measurable agreement was obtained during the calibration and validation phases. However, considering the length of data used and probable variability in the stream flow regime, it is not possible to objectively generalise on the quality of the results. Against this backdrop, it suffices to take into cognisance the need to use an ensemble of catchment characteristics in the development of the flow duration curves and the overall regional models;this is important considering the implications of anthropogenic activities and hydro-climatic variations.

关键词： Regionalisation Parametric Models Anthropogenic Hydro-Climatic Variations

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Effects of aqueous leaf extract of Tridax procumbens on contractile activity of corpus cavernosum in N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester-induced hypertensive male rats

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第1期16卷 51-56页

作者： Shakiru Ademola Salami Hussein Mofomosara Salahdeen Evangelshane Chukwudubem Ugbebor Babatunde Adekunle murtala Yinusa Raji Department of Physiology Lagos State University College of Medicine Laboratory for Reproductive Physiology and Developmental Programming Department of Physiology University of Ibadan

Objective： This study investigated the effects of aqueous leaf extract of Tridax procumbens （ALETP） on con- tractile activity of corpus cavernosum in N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester （L-NAME）-induced hypertensive male rats. Methods： Twenty normal, adult male rats （130-150 g） were divided into four groups of five rats each. Group I （control） was given normal saline （0.6 mL/kg） and group II was given L-NAME （40 mg/kg） for 6 weeks. Groups Ill and IV also received L-NAME （40 mg/kg） for 6 weeks but were further co-treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg of ALETP, respectively, from week 4 to week 6. All treatments were given orally. Strips of corpus cavernosum from each of the four groups were exposed to increasing concentrations of acetyl~ choline （ACh） and sodium nitroprusside （SNP）（10^-9-10^-5 tool/L） after contraction with phenylephrine （10^-7 mol/L） to test for a dose-response effect, Response to potassium and calcium was also measured after cumulatively adding potassium and calcium （10-50 mmol/L） to potassium- and calcium-free organ chamber. Isometric contractions were recorded through an Ugo Basile data capsule acquisition system. Results： Mean arterial blood pressure was significantly reduced in the ALETP co-treated group compared to the control and L-NAME-only groups （P 〈 0.05）. Cavernosa strips from ALETP co-treated rats exhibited significant inhibition of contraction in response to phenylephrine, potassium chloride, and calcium chlo- ride （P 〈 0.05）. Relaxation in response to Ach and SNP was also significantly impaired in cavernosa strips from the L-NAME-only treated group （P 〈 0.05）, while ALETP co-treated groups showed enhanced per- centage relaxation. Conclusion： ALETP treatment of L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats promotes a relaxant effect on isolated cavernosa strips. ALETP shows potential in correcting erectile dysfunction in hypertension.

关键词： N-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester Hypertensive Tridax procumbens Corpus cavernosum Relaxation Sodium nitroprusside Acetylcholine

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Biological process of soil improvement in civil engineering:A review

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2016年第5期8卷 767-774页

作者： murtala Umar Khairul Anuar Kassim Kenny Tiong Ping Chiet Department of Geotechnics and Transportation Engineering Faculty of Civil EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia

The concept of using biological process in soil improvement which is known as bio-mediated soil improvement technique has shown greater potential in geotechnical engineering applications in terms of performance and environmental sustainability. This paper presents a review on the soil microorganisms responsible for this process, and factors that affect their metabolic activities and geometric compatibility with the soil particle sizes. Two mechanisms of biomineralization, i.e. biologically controlled and biologically induced mineralization, were also discussed. Environmental and other factors that may be encountered in situ during microbially induced calcite precipitation （MICP） and their influences on the process were identified and presented. Improvements in the engineering properties of soil such as strength/stiffness and permeability as evaluated in some studies were explored. Potential applications of the process in geotechnical engineering and the challenges of field application of the process were identified.

关键词： Bio-mediated soil improvement Microorganisms Metabolic activities BiomineralizationUrease activity

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Mineral Resource Extractive Activities in Nigeria: Communities Also Matter!

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2020年第9期8卷 212-229页

作者： Ali I. Naibbi murtala Chindo Department of Geography Yusuf Maitama Sule University Kano Nigeria Department of Geography Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University Lapai Nigeria

Poor management of land resources creates environmental problems such as land degradation, soil erosion and pollution, as well as serious social and economic tensions. Mineral extraction, production, refining and distribution have immediate impact on the environments and their host communities. Nigeria being an extractive economy with numerous cases of defiance by the host communities on the mining operating companies, a number of ways for advancing dealings with communities can be drawn to inform broader community dialogue in the extractive economy of Nigeria and countries with similar situations. This paper used information from secondary sources to demonstrate the importance of accommodating host communities as stakeholders. The paper establishes the various roles played by mining stakeholders and how their involvements have changed overtime in terms of scale. Options were drawn for improving the current state of Nigerian mining communities and suggestions were made on avoiding future host community conflict (typically existing in the oil region of the country). The paper recommends that the recognition of communities as stakeholders is crucial in developing Nigeria’s non-oil sector.

关键词： Mineral Mining Communities Stakeholders Nigeria

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Estimation of the case fatality rate of COVID-19 epidemiological data in Nigeria using statistical regression analysis

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Biosafety and Health 2021年第1期3卷 4-7页

作者： Ahmad Abubakar Suleiman Aminu Suleiman Usman Aliyu abdullahi Suleiman Abubakar Suleiman Department of Statistics Faculty of Computing and Mathematical SciencesKano University of Science and TechnologyWudil 713281Nigeria Department of Hydrology Kano State Ministry of Water ResourcesGidan Murtala 700221Kano StateNigeria

Following the emergence of COVID-19 outbreak,numbers of studies have been conducted to curtail the global spread of the virus by identifying epidemiological changes of the disease through developing statistical models,estimation of the basic reproduction number,displaying the daily reports of confirmed and deaths cases,which are closely related to the present *** and comprehensive estimation method of the epidemiological data is required to understand the actual situation of fatalities caused by the *** fatality rate(CFR)is one of the cardinal epidemiological parameters that adequately explains epidemiology of the outbreak of a *** the present study,we employed two statistical regression models such as the linear and polynomial models in order to estimate the CFR,based on the early phase of COVID-19 outbreak in Nigeria(44 days since first reported COVID-19 death).The estimate of the CFR was determined based on cumulative number of confirmed cases and deaths reported from 23 March to 30 April,*** results from the linear model estimated that the CFR was 3.11%(95%CI:2.59%-3.80%)with R2 value of 90%and p-value of<*** findings from the polynomial model suggest that the CFR associated with the Nigerian outbreak is 3.0%and may range from 2.23%to 3.42%with R2 value of 93%and p-value of<***,the polynomial regression model with the higher R2 value fits the dataset well and provides better estimate of CFR for the reported COVID-19 cases in Nigeria.

关键词： Coronavirus COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Case fatality rate(CFR) Epidemiology Regression analysis

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The Blood Lead, Blood Pressure Connection: An Evaluation of Apparently Healthy Lead Exposed Workers in Nigeria

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2019年第3期7卷 75-90页

作者： Datonye Dennis Alasia Alagoma murtala Iyagba Department of Internal Medicine College of Health Sciences University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria

Objective: There is a paucity of evidence on the lead exposure and blood pressure association in Nigeria where lead exposure is still prevalent and poorly regulated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between lead exposure using blood lead level and blood pressure in Port Harcourt Nigeria. Methodology: A prospective cross sectional comparative study of adult subjects with occupational lead exposure and controls, performed in Port Harcourt, South-south Nigeria. Blood lead measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry was used as the biomarker of lead exposure while systolic and diastolic blood pressures and other relevant variables were measured and analysed. Results: The mean systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in lead exposed subjects 118.49 (14.67) mmHg compared to controls 113.62 (11.31) mmHg (p = 0.008). No difference was observed in the mean diastolic blood pressure. A higher proportion of subjects had systolic and diastolic pressure > 140 mmHg and >90 mmHg compared to controls 9.47% vs. 1.25% and 10.51% vs. 2.54%, with (p = 0.016), OR = 8.27 , RR = 1.38 and (p = 0.028), OR = 4.59 , RR = 1.33 respectively. There was no significant statistical correlation between blood lead and blood pressure. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate a significant systolic blood pressure elevation and prevalence of hypertension among lead exposed workers in Port Harcourt Nigeria. Lager longitudinal research is needed to evaluate lead exposure and elevated blood pressure association in Nigeria. The findings call for better regulation of occupational lead exposure in Nigeria.

关键词： Blood Pressure Lead Exposure Nigeria

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Some Antioxidant Enzymes among Children with Sickle Cell Disease Attending Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto, North Western Nigeria

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Open Journal of Blood Diseases 2019年第3期9卷 60-76页

作者： Osaro Erhabor Nma Muhammed Jiya murtala Bello Abubakar Sadiya Usman Department of Haematology School of Medical Laboratory Science Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto Nigeria Department of Paediatrics Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto Sokoto Nigeria Department of Physiology Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences College of Health Sciences Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto Nigeria

Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is one of the most common genetic diseases in the world. It is associated with oxidative stress which occurs as a result of HbS unstable character causing a rise in the formation of free radicals. The aim of this study was to determine some antioxidant enzymes activities among patients with SCD. We investigated the superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidases (GPx) levels among 60 children aged 1 - 14 years with SCD. Twenty-two age-matched non-SCD children served as control. The study subjects were divided into two groups;steady state A (n = 30) and vaso- occlusive crisis (VOC) B (n = 30). The SOD, and GPx levels were significantly lower among the SCD subjects compared to controls (p = 0.000). There were no statistically significant differences in the SOD and GPX levels between sickle cell disease patient in steady state (A) and those in crisis (B) (p = 0.998 and 0.555) respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the SOD and GPX levels between sickle cell disease patient in steady state (A) and non-sickle cell controls (p = 0.005 and 0.000) respectively as well as between sickle cell disease patient in VOC (B) and non-sickle cell controls (p = 0.000). There were no statistically significant differences in the SOD and GPX levels of sickle disease subjects based on age, gender, maternal level of educational attainment, occupational group and income (p = 0.629 and 0.476;p = 0.382 and 0.417;p = 0.450 and 0.314 and p = 0.397 and 0.762 and p = 0.553 and 0.929) respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in the SOD and GPX levels of sickle disease subjects of Hausa/Fulani extraction versus Yoruba (p = 0.714 and 0.856), between Hausa/Fulani extraction versus Igbo (0.917 and 0.486) and between Yoruba extraction versus Igbo (p = 0.740 and 0.965) respectively. This study confirms that SCD children have lower values of antioxidant enzymes compared to controls. SOD and GPX levels in sickle cell

关键词： Antioxidant Enzymes Children Sickle Cell Disease Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto Nigeria

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Assessment of Groundwater Vulnerability in Kaduna Metropolis, Northwest Nigeria

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2017年第6期5卷 99-117页

作者： murtala Shehu Ahmed Adamu Idris Tanko Martin Obada Eduvie Mohammed Ahmed Department of Health Safety and Environment Kaduna Refining and Petrochemical Company Limited Kaduna Nigeria Department of Geography Bayero University Kano Nigeria National Water Resources Institute Kaduna Nigeria

DRASTIC index model was employed in the assessment of the intrinsic groundwater vulnerability to contamination in Kaduna metropolis, Nigeria. The model evaluates the contribution of seven environmental parameters (Depth to water level, Net Recharge, Aquifer media, Soil media, Topography, Impact of vadose zone, and Hydraulic Conductivity) in the protection of groundwater against contamination. The mapping was conducted within the framework of Geographical Information System. The study area has very low, low to slightly moderate vulnerability with highest and lowest DRASTIC values of 131 and 77 respectively. To have better understanding of the spatial vulnerability of groundwater in the area, the DRASTIC map was reclassified into five (very high, high, moderate, low and very low) vulnerability zones. Generally, the distribution of the vulnerability classes indicated the low to moderate vulnerability status of the majority parts of the study area, with high vulnerability at the center. Strict control measures should be put in place when locating land uses with high potential hazards in the high and very high vulnerability areas.

关键词： Groundwater Vulnerability Mapping Contamination Geographic Information Systems Nigeria

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