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Competitive effects of humic acid and wastewater on adsorption of Methylene Blue dye by activated carbon and non-imprinted polymers

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第4期30卷 310-317页

作者： Audrey murray Banu Ormeci Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Carleton UniversityOttawa ON K1S 5B6 Canada

Natural organic matter（NOM）, present in natural waters and wastewater, decreases adsorption of micropollutants, increasing treatment costs. This research investigated mechanisms of competition for non-imprinted polymers（NIPs） and activated carbon with humic acid and wastewater. Three different types of activated carbons（Norit PAC 200,Darco KB-M, and Darco S-51） were used for comparison with the NIP. The lower surface area and micropore to mesopore ratio of the NIP led to decreased adsorption capacity in comparison to the activated carbons. In addition, experiments were conducted for single-solute adsorption of Methylene Blue（MB） dye, simultaneous adsorption with humic acid and wastewater, and pre-loading with humic acid and wastewater followed by adsorption of MB dye using NIP and Norit PAC 200. Both the NIP and PAC 200 showed significant decreases of 27% for NIP（p = 0.087） and 29% for PAC 200（p = 0.096） during simultaneous exposure to humic acid and MB dye. There was no corresponding decrease for NIP or PAC 200 pre-loaded with humic acid and then exposed to MB. In fact, for PAC 200, the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon increased when it was pre-loaded with humic acid by 39%（p = 0.0005）. For wastewater, the NIP showed no significant increase or decrease in adsorption capacity during either simultaneous exposure or pre-loading. The adsorption capacity of PAC 200 increased by 40%（p = 0.001） for simultaneous exposure to wastewater and MB. Pre-loading with wastewater had no effect on MB adsorption by PAC 200.

关键词： Molecularly imprinted polymer Non-imprinted polymer Water treatment Wastewater treatment Activated carbon Micropollutants Pore-blocking Adsorption

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Use of polymeric sub-micron ion-exchange resins for removal of lead,copper,zinc,and nickel from natural waters

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第1期31卷 247-254页

作者： Audrey murray Banu ?rmeci Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Carleton University

This research investigated the removal capacity of polymeric sub-micron ion-exchange resins(SMR) for removal of lead, copper, zinc, and nickel from natural waters in competition with natural organic matter(NOM). Polymeric SMR particles were created and tested to ensure that they were adequately dispersed in the solution. They removed little NOM(10%or less) from river water and wastewater, indicating that competition from NOM was not a major concern. SMR were able to remove 82% ± 0.2% of lead, 46% ± 0.6% of copper, 55% ±20% of zinc, and 17% ± 2% of nickel from river water spiked with 500 μg/L of each. Similarly,in wastewater, they were able to remove 86% ± 0.1% of lead, 38% ± 0.8% of copper, 28% ± 1%of zinc, and 11% ± 1% of nickel.

关键词： Water Wastewater Heavy metals Ion exchange Polymeric submicron resin Natural organic matter (NOM)

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Comparative analyses of current three-dimensional numerical solar wind models

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Science China Earth Sciences 2015年第6期58卷 839-858页

作者： Shi Tsan WU murray DRYER Center for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research the University of Alabama in Huntsville Space Weather Predictions Center National Weather Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

We present a comparative study of the most advanced three-dimensional time-dependent numerical simulation models of solar wind. These models can be classified into two categories：（I） theoretical, empirical and numerically based models and （Ⅱ） self-consistent multi-dimensional numerical magnetohydrodynamic （MHD） models. The models of Category I are used to sep- arately describe the solar wind solution in two plasma flows regions： transonic/trans-Alfvrnic and supersonic/super-Alfvenic, respectively. Models of Category II construct a complete, single, numerical solar wind solution through subsonic/sub-Alfvrnic region into supersonic/super-Alfvrnic region. The Wang-Sheeley-Arge （WSA）/ENLIL in CISM is the most successful space weather model that belongs to Category I, and the Block-Adaptive-Tree-Solarwind-Roe-Upwind-Scheme （BATS-R-US） code in SWMF （Space Weather Modeling Framework） and the solar-interplanetary conservative element solution element MHD （SIP-CESE MHD） model in SWIM （Space Weather Integrated Model） are the most commonly-used models that belong to Category II. We review the structures of their frameworks, the main results for solar wind background studies that are essential for solar transient event studies, and discuss the common features and differences between these two categories of solar wind models. Finally, we conclude that the transition of these two categories of models to operational use depends on the availability of computational resources at reasonable cost and point out that the models＇ prediction capabilities may be improved by employing finer computational grids, incorporating more observational data and by adding more physical constraints to the models.

关键词： space weather solar wind models comparative analyses

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TCR-pMHC: may the force be of you?

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第7期18卷 1622-1623页

作者： Joseph S.murray Xenolaüs Genetics LLC Los AngelesCA90024USA

Theα/βcomponent of the T-cell antigen receptor(TCR)is a transmembrane heterodimer containing genetically variable(V)domains and constant domains within each polypeptide chain.1 The Vαand Vβdomains bind with a clonally unique(clonotypic)interface angle,2 and the complementary determining regions(CDR1,CDR2,and CDR3)manifest as‘loops’between anti-parallelβ-strands of the overall sandwich ofβ-sheets with a central disulfide *** with immunoglobulins,the CDR1 and CDR2 loops are encoded in the germline via the particular V-region DNA segment involved in the RAG1/RAG2 recombination mechanism responsible for somatic construction,together with the D-and/or J-segment,of the third loop,CDR3.1,3 As shown by multiple solved X-ray crystallography structures,the CDRs contain the closest amino acid(a.a.)contacts with the peptide(p)plus the major histocompatibility complex(MHC)protein(together abbrev.,pMHC)composite *** rigorous selection in the thymus for only those TCRs that should function properly in the particular individual after birth(MHC restriction),4 T cells function clonally as well,i.e.,different T-cell clones display differential responses to not only different pMHC ligands but also perhaps more importantly,to the same pMHC ligands.5,6 A long-standing question is how(not whether)TCR V-domain binding to pMHC is ultimately responsible for such vast biological outcomes as protection *** to infectious diseases,atopy,the onset of autoimmune diseases,and the success of various types of transplantation.

关键词： properly sandwich rigorous

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TCR-pMHC:Envisioning the specialized dynamics of the target 5-component complex

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第6期19卷 657-659页

作者： Joseph S.murray Xenolaüs Genetics LLC Los AngelesCA90024USA

The mechanosensor theory of TCR function holds theα/βcomponent of the T-cell antigen receptor complex ultimately responsible for adaptive immunity[1,2,3].T-cell motility is envisioned to provide a force necessary to slow TCR dynamics as it sits on the pMHC ligand of an antigen presenting cell[1],which theoretically allows the TCR to discriminate different pMHC structures,principally by the so-called catch bonds(mostly H-bonds)at the interfaces of the 5-component complex(i.e.,TCRα/TCRβ/peptide/MHC-IIα(or,MHC-heavy-chain)/MHC-IIβ(or MHC-light-chain)[1,2,3,4].

关键词： component TCR complex

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Empirical Study on Factors Influencing Residents’ Behavior of Separating Household Wastes at Source

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2007年第2期5卷 20-27页

作者： murray Haight School of Planning Environmental Studies University of Waterloo Waterloo Canada

Source separation is the basic premise for making effective use of household wastes. In eight cities of China, how- ever, several pilot projects of source separation finally failed because of the poor participation rate of residents. In order to solve this problem, identifying those factors that influence residents’ behavior of source separation becomes crucial. By means of questionnaire survey, we conducted descriptive analysis and ex- ploratory factor analysis. The results show that trouble-feeling, moral notion, environment protection, public education, environment value and knowledge deficiency are the main factors that play an important role for residents in deciding to separate their household wastes. Also, according to the contribution percentage of the six main factors to the total behavior of source separation, their influencing power is analyzed, which will provide suggestions on household waste management for policy makers and decision makers in China.

关键词： source separation influencing factors behavior household waste management

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Ship behavior prediction via trajectory extraction-based clustering for maritime situation awareness

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2022年第1期7卷 1-13页

作者： Brian murray LokukalugePrasad Perera UiT The Arctic University of Norway TromsøNorway

This study presents a method in which historical AIS data are used to predict the future trajectory of a se-lected *** is facilitated via a system intelligence-based approach that can be subsequently utilized to provide enhanced situation awareness to navigators and future autonomous ships,aiding proactive col-lision *** evaluating the historical ship behavior in a given geographical region,the method applies machine learning techniques to extrapolate commonalities in relevant trajectory *** commonalities represent historical behavior modes that correspond to the possible future behavior of the selected ***,the selected vessel is classified to a behavior mode,and a trajectory with respect to this mode is *** is achieved via an initial clustering technique and subsequent tra-jectory *** extracted trajectories are then compressed using the Karhunen-Loéve transform,and clustered using a Gaussian Mixture *** approach in this study differs from others in that tra-jectories are not clustered for an entire region,but rather for relevant trajectory *** such,the extracted trajectories provide a much better basis for clustering relevant historical ship behavior modes.A selected vessel is then classified to one of these modes using its observed *** predic-tions are facilitated using an enhanced subset of data that likely correspond to the future behavior of the selected *** method yields promising results,with high classification accuracy and low prediction ***,vessels with abnormal behavior degrade the results in some situations,and have also been discussed in this study.

关键词： Maritime situation awareness Ship navigation Trajectory prediction Collision avoidance Machine learning Unsupervised learning AIS

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Real-time ore sorting using color and texture analysis

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2023年第6期33卷 659-674页

作者： David G.Shatwell Victor murray Augusto Barton Hochschild Mining PLC La Colonia 180Lima 15023Peru Department of Electrical Engineering Universidad de Ingenieria y Tecnologia-UTECLima 15063Peru John A.Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard UniversityCambridge 02134USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of New MexicoAlbuquerque 87131USA

Sensor-based ore sorting is a technology used to classify high-grade mineralized rocks from low-grade waste rocks to reduce operation *** ore-sorting algorithms using color images have been proposed in the past,but only some validate their results using mineral grades or optimize the algorithms to classify rocks in *** paper presents an ore-sorting algorithm based on image processing and machine learning that is able to classify rocks from a gold and silver mine based on their *** algorithm is composed of four main stages:(1)image segmentation and partition,(2)color and texture feature extraction,(3)sub-image classification using neural networks,and(4)a voting system to determine the overall class of the *** algorithm was trained using images of rocks that a geologist manually classified according to their mineral content and then was validated using a different set of rocks analyzed in a laboratory to determine their gold and silver *** proposed method achieved a Matthews correlation coefficient of 0.961 points,higher than other classification algorithms based on support vector machines and convolutional neural networks,and a processing time under 44 ms,promising for real-time ore sorting applications.

关键词： Ore sorting Image color analysis Image texture analysis Machine learning

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Lie Invariants in Two and Three Variables

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Algebra Colloquium 2014年第1期21卷 95-116页

作者： murray R. Bremner Jiaxiong Hu Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Canada Department of Mathematics Simon Fraser University Burnaby British Columbia Canada.

We use computer algebra to determine the Lie invariants of degree ≤ 12 in the free Lie algebra on two generators corresponding to the natural representation of the simple 3-dimensional Lie algebra sl2（C）. We then consider the free Lie algebra on three generators, and compute the Lie invariants of degree ≤ 7 corresponding to the adjoint representation of sl2（C）, and the Lie invariants of degree ≤ 9 corresponding to the natural representation of sl3（C）. We represent the action of sl2（C） and sl3（C） on Lie polynomials by computing the coefficient matrix with respect to the basis of Hall words.

关键词： free Lie algebras invariant Lie polynomials representation theory Hermitenormal form LLL algorithm

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Personality and behavioral changes in Asian elephants(Elephas maximus)following the death of herd members

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第2期16卷 170-188页

作者： Lucy RUTHERFORD Lindsay E.murray School of Psychology University of ChesterChesterUK

Elephants are highly social beings with complex individual *** know that elephants have a general interest in death,investigating carcasses,not just limited to kin;however,research does not explore in depth whether individuals change their behavior or personality following traumatic events,such as the death of a *** a captive herd of Asian elephants(Elephas maximus)housed at Chester Zoo,UK,we measured social behavior and proximity and personality using the Ten-Item Personality Inventory,and found age-related and relationship-related changes in both behavior and personality following the deaths of herd ***,the herd spent less time socializing and engaging in affiliative behaviors following the death of the adult female when compared to baseline data,yet spent more time engaging in these behaviors after the death of two *** death of the central female had a dramatic impact on her infant calf,resulting in increasingly withdrawn behavior,yet had the opposite effect on her adult daughter,who subsequently established a more integrated role within the *** Stability fell in the motherless calf but rose in an adult female,who had lost her adult daughter,but had a new calf to care *** suggest that the greater impact on the behavior and personality of surviving herd members following the deaths of calves,compared to an adult member,attests to the significance of the unifying role played by calves within an elephant herd.

关键词： captive environment death elephant grief proximity

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