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Pathogenic mechanisms of pancreatitis

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2017年第1期8卷 10-25页

作者： murli manohar Alok Kumar Verma Sathisha Upparahalli Venkateshaiah Nathan L Sanders Anil Mishra Department of Medicine Section of Pulmonary DiseasesTulane Eosinophilic Disorders CenterTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLA 70112United States

Pancreatitis is inflammation of pancreas and caused by a number of factors including pancreatic duct obstruction, alcoholism, and mutation in the cationic trypsinogen gene. Pancreatitis is represented as acute pancreatitis with acute inflammatory responses and; chronic pan-creatitis characterized by marked stroma formation with a high number of infiltrating granulocytes(such as neutrophils, eosinophils), monocytes, macrophages and pancreatic stellate cells(PSCs). These inflammatory cells are known to play a central role in initiating and promoting inflammation including pancreatic fibrosis, i.e., a major risk factor for pancreatic cancer. A number of inflammatory cytokines are known to involve in pro-moting pancreatic pathogenesis that lead pancreatic fibrosis. Pancreatic fibrosis is a dynamic phenomenon that requires an intricate network of several autocrine and paracrine signaling pathways. In this review, we have provided the details of various cytokines and molecular mechanistic pathways(i.e., Transforming growth factor-β/SMAD, mitogen--activated protein kinases, Rho kinase, Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators, and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase) that have a critical role in the activation of PSCs to promote chronic pancreatitis and trigger the phenomenon of pancreatic fibrogenesis. In this review of literature, we discuss the involvement of several pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as in interleukin(IL)-1, IL-1β, IL-6, IL--8 IL-10, IL-18, IL--33 and tumor necrosis factor-α, in the pathogenesis of disease. Our review also highlights the significance of several experimental animal models that have an important role in dissecting the mechanistic pathways operating in the development of chronic pancreatitis, including pancreatic fibrosis. Additionally, we provided several intermediary molecules that are involved in major signaling pathways that might provide target molecules for future therapeutic treatment strategies for pancreatic p

关键词： Pancreatitis Pancreatic stellate cells Transforming growth factor-β/SMAD Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators Mitogen-activated protein kinases

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肩关节注射治疗冻结肩的研究进展

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中南医学科学杂志 2019年第6期47卷 561-565页

作者：刘全辉 Sah murli manohar 戴祝南华大学附属第一医院骨科

冻结肩是导致肩关节疼痛及活动受限的常见疾病,肩关节注射是治疗冻结肩的最常用方法,包括糖皮质激素注射、液体扩张疗法、玻璃酸钠注射等。近年来肩关节注射治疗的研究较多,且有较多高质量随机对照研究,该文就糖皮质激素注射与其它治疗... 详细信息

冻结肩是导致肩关节疼痛及活动受限的常见疾病,肩关节注射是治疗冻结肩的最常用方法,包括糖皮质激素注射、液体扩张疗法、玻璃酸钠注射等。近年来肩关节注射治疗的研究较多,且有较多高质量随机对照研究,该文就糖皮质激素注射与其它治疗手段之间以及注射治疗的不同方式之间在疼痛缓解、活动度及功能改善等方面的疗效及安全性比较作一综述。

关键词：冻结肩肩关节注射糖皮质激素

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Software for automated classification of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy videos of colorectal polyps

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第39期18卷 5560-5569页

作者： Barbara André Tom Vercauteren Anna M Buchner murli Krishna Nicholas Ayache Michael B Wallace Image Computing Group Mauna Kea Technologies75010 ParisFrance Asclepios Research Team The National Institute for Research in Computer Science and Control Sophia Antipolis06902 Sophia AntipolisFrance Division of Gastroenterology Hospital of theUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104United States Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic Hospital in JacksonvilleJacksonvilleFL 3224United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic Hospital in JacksonvilleJacksonvilleFL 3224United States

AIM:To support probe-based confocal laser endomi-croscopy (pCLE) diagnosis by designing software for the automated classification of colonic polyps. METHODS:Intravenous fluorescein pCLE imaging of colorectal lesions was performed on patients under-going screening and surveillance colonoscopies, followed by polypectomies. All resected specimens were reviewed by a reference gastrointestinal pathologist blinded to pCLE information. Histopathology was used as the criterion standard for the differentiation between neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions. The pCLE video sequences, recorded for each polyp, were analyzed off-line by 2 expert endoscopists who were blinded to the endoscopic characteristics and histopathology. These pCLE videos, along with their histopathology diagnosis, were used to train the automated classification software which is a content-based image retrieval technique followed by k-nearest neighbor classification. The performance of the off-line diagnosis of pCLE videos established by the 2 expert endoscopists was compared with that of automated pCLE software classification. All evaluations were performed using leave-one-patient- out cross-validation to avoid bias. RESULTS:Colorectal lesions (135) were imaged in 71 patients. Based on histopathology, 93 of these 135 lesions were neoplastic and 42 were non-neoplastic. The study found no statistical significance for the difference between the performance of automated pCLE software classification (accuracy 89.6%, sensitivity 92.5%, specificity 83.3%, using leave-one-patient-out cross-validation) and the performance of the off-line diagnosis of pCLE videos established by the 2 expert endoscopists (accuracy 89.6%, sensitivity 91.4%, specificity 85.7%). There was very low power (< 6%) to detect the observed differences. The 95% confidence intervals for equivalence testing were:-0.073 to 0.073 for accuracy, -0.068 to 0.089 for sensitivity and -0.18 to 0.13 for specificity. The classification software proposed i

关键词： Colorectal neoplasia Computer-aided diag-nosis Content-based image retrieval Nearest neigh-bor classification software Probe-based confocal laserendomicroscopy

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Knowledge of Tuberculosis, Services of TB Control Programme and Associated Socio-Demographic Inequity among Rural Participants of Jaipur, Rajasthan, India: A Cross Sectional Study

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2023年第2期11卷 49-61页

作者： Praveen Kumar Anand Vikas Dhikav Swarn Lata Monika Rathore Gurudayal Singh Toteja Bhawar manohar Singh Chet Ram Meena murli Lal Mathur Indian Council of Medical Research National Institute for Implementation Research on Non Communicable Diseases New Pali Road Jodhpur India Department of Pathology Dr. Sampoornanand Medical College Jodhpur Rajasthan Department of Preventive & Social Medicine Sawai Man Singh Medical College & Associated Hospitals Jaipur India Jodhpur City Knowledge & Innovation Foundation Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur India Model Rural Health Research Unit Department of Health Research Government of India Bhanpur Kalan Jaipur India

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide. India is still the highest TB burden country. There is a scarcity of data on TB knowledge from Rajasthan state of India. Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of knowledge about TB and services of TB control programme and to determine its correlates among rural population of Jaipur, Rajasthan. Methods: Cross-sectional community based study was carried out at Model Rural Health Research Unit, Jaipur, a unit of Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India. Results: Study reports the result from 1993 adult participants from 10 villages of 2 sub-districts of district Jaipur. About 88.9% of studied participants knew that TB is an infectious disease and it spreads from TB patient to healthy person in close contact. Only 22.3% of participants knew “DOTS is the treatment for TB”. While, only 58.9% knew “sputum is used for diagnosis of TB” at health centers. Scheduled castes, scheduled tribes and backward classes social groups knew less than the mainstream “General” social group. The observed difference was statistically significant (p 0.05). Logistic regression analysis estimated the relative contribution to knowledge status. Conclusion: The knowledge of study participants on transmission of tuberculosis was similar to knowledge of population in country wide study. They poorly knew sputum is used for diagnosing tuberculosis disease;socio-demographic inequity exists in this knowledge too. People from older age groups, underprivileged social groups and minority need extra educational activities.

关键词： India Inequity Knowledge Tuberculosis

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A novel series of 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-thiadiazoles as potential anticonvulsant agent

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2010年第10期21卷 1149-1152页

作者： Harish Rajak Chinmay K.Behera Raiesh S.Pawar Pradeep K.Singour murli Dhar Kharya SLT Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Guru Ghasidas University VNS Institute of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Dr.H.S.Gour University

In pursuit for better antiepileptic drug and the importance of semicarbazones and 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-thiadiazoles as anticonvulsant pharmacophore, a series of novel N-（{5-[（6-methyl-l-benzofuran-3-yl）methyl]-l,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl}carba- mothioyl）-2/3/4-substitutedbenzamide were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their anticonvulsant activity. The findings of the present studies confirmed that the pharmacophore model with four binding sites is crucial for anticonvulsant activity. Structure-activity relationships among synthesized compounds were also established.

关键词： 1,3,4-Thiadiazoles Semicarbazones Anticonvulsant activity

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Study of Active Screening to Detect Un-Registered Open Cases of Tuberculosis in Rural Areas of Capital District of Rajasthan, India

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2021年第4期9卷 276-283页

作者： Praveen Kumar Anand Mradula Singh Chet Ram Meena Swarn Lata Anil Jangid Megh Raj Devanda murli Lal Mathur Monika Rathore Bhanwar manohar Singh Pankaj Kumar ICMR—National Institute for Implementation Research on Non Communicable Diseases New Pali Road Jodhpur Rajasthan India Model Rural Health Research Unit Department of Health Research Government of India Bhanpur Kalan Jaipur Rajasthan India Department of Pathology Dr. Sampoornanand Medical College Jodhpur Rajasthan India Department of Preventive & Social Medicine Sawai Man Singh Medical College & Associated Hospitals Jaipur Rajasthan India

Tuberculosis is one among top 10 causes of deaths worldwide. Access to effective diagnosis by every TB patient is one among five missions of Global Plan. Active case finding among vulnerable groups has been the key focus area of National Strategic Plan to control TB in India 2017-25. This cross-sectional study was carried out to find out the additional open cases of TB through active screening of general & rural population in selected villages of Jaipur, the capital district in Rajasthan state of India. An active screening team of trained staff visited each house-hold in selected study villages for interviewing the head of house-hold or other adult member available at the time of visit. Family members of age ≥ 15 years were screened for complain of chronic cough of duration 2 weeks or more with study questionnaire. Presumptive cases found at screening were referred for seeking medical consultations from nearest designated microscopy centre. The referred patients were followed up on telephone up to five times for results of medical consultancies. Laboratory technicians of catchment DMCs were also followed up for verification of results. Total 19,306 individuals were covered. Study included 52.8% male, 69.3% ≥ 15 years age, and 99.3% Hindu participants. There were total 153 presumptive TB patients. Out of these, total 10 cases were confirmed as TB. The yield of detection was 0.51 cases/1000 population screened. Study finds active screening as a feasible and effective strategy in detecting additional cases of TB from general and rural po

关键词： Tuberculosis Active Screening Rural Adult Community

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