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An inherent acceleratory effect of insulin on small intestinal transit and its pharmacological characterization in normal mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第16期12卷 2593-2600页

作者： murali krishna reddy peddyreddy Steven Aibor Dkhar Subramanian Ramaswamy Amrithraj Theophilus Naveen Deepak Gopal Shewade Department of Pharmacology Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and ResearchPondicherry-605006India Department of Pharmacology Aarupadai Veedu Medical CollegePondicherry-607 402India Department of Pharmacy Mbarara University of Science and TechnologyMbararaUganda

AIM： To study an inherent effect of insulin on small intestinal transit and to explore involvement of various systems/mechanisms in normal mice. METHODS： Insulin at the doses of 2 μU/kg, 2 mU/kg, 2 U/kg or vehicle was subcutaneously administered to four groups of overnight fasted normal male mice. Blood glucose （BG） levels were measured 2 min before insulin administration and 2 min before sacrificing the animals for the measurement of small intestinal transit （SIT）. Charcoal meal was administered （0.3 mL） intragastrically 20 min after insulin administration and animals were sacrificed after 20 min and SIT was determined. For exploration of the various mechanisms involved in insulin-induced effect on SIT, the dose of insulin which can produce a significant acceleration of SIT without altering BG levels was determined. The following drugs, atropine （1 mg/kg）, clonidine （0.1 mg/kg）, ondansetron （1 mg/kg）, naloxone （5 mg/kg）, verapamil （8 mg/kg） and glibenclamide （10 mg/kg）, were administered intravenously 10 min prior to the administration of insulin （2 μU/kg）. RESULTS： The lower doses of insulin （2 μU/kg and 2 mU/kg） produced a significant acceleration of SIT from 52.0% to 70.7% and 73.5% without lowering blood glucose levels （P〈0.01）, while the highest dose of insulin （2 U/kg） produced a fall in blood glucose levels which was also associated with significant acceleration of SIT （P〈0.01）. After pretreatment of insulin （2 μU/kg） group with atropine, insulin could reverse 50% of the inhibition produced by atropine. In clonidine-pretreated group, insulin administration could reverse only 37% of the inhibition produced by clonidine and inhibition of SIT was significant compared with vehicle ＋ insulintreated group, i.e. from 74.7% to 27.7% （P〈0.01）. In ondansetron-pretreated group, insulin administration could produce only mild acceleration of SIT （23.5%）. In naloxone-pretreated group, insulin administration could significantly reverse the inhibition of SIT produced by nal

关键词： Adrenergic system Blood glucose levels Ca2^+ channels Cholinergic system Insulin Intestinal transit Opioid system Serotonergic system

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IoT Task Offloading in Edge Computing Using Non-Cooperative Game Theory for Healthcare Systems

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 1487-1503页

作者： Dinesh Mavaluru Chettupally Anil Carie Ahmed I.Alutaibi Satish Anamalamudi Bayapa reddy Narapureddy murali krishna Enduri Md Ezaz Ahmed School of Computing and Informatics Saudi Electronic UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering SRM University APGunturIndia College of Computer and Information Sciences Majmaah UniversityAl Majma’ahSaudi Arabia Department of Public Health College of Applied Medical SciencesKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia

In this paper,we present a comprehensive system model for Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)networks empowered by Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access(NOMA)and Mobile Edge Computing(MEC)*** network comprises essential components such as base stations,edge servers,and numerous IIoT devices characterized by limited energy and computing *** central challenge addressed is the optimization of resource allocation and task distribution while adhering to stringent queueing delay constraints and minimizing overall energy *** system operates in discrete time slots and employs a quasi-static approach,with a specific focus on the complexities of task partitioning and the management of constrained resources within the IIoT *** study makes valuable contributions to the field by enhancing the understanding of resourceefficient management and task allocation,particularly relevant in real-time industrial *** results indicate that our proposed algorithmsignificantly outperforms existing approaches,reducing queue backlog by 45.32% and 17.25% compared to SMRA and ACRA while achieving a 27.31% and 74.12% improvement in Qn ***,the algorithmeffectively balances complexity and network performance,as demonstratedwhen reducing the number of devices in each group(Ng)from 200 to 50,resulting in a 97.21% reduction in complexity with only a 7.35% increase in energy *** research offers a practical solution for optimizing IIoT networks in real-time industrial settings.

关键词： Internet of Things edge computing offloading NOMA

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Perturbations in Earth's Atmosphere over An Indian Region during the Total Solar Eclipse on 22 July 2009

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2019年第4期33卷 784-796页

作者： S.B.Surendra PRASAD Vinay KUMAR K.krishna reddy S.K.DHAKA Shristy MALIK M.Venkatarami reddy U.murali krishna Semi-arid-zone Atmospheric Research Centre SARC Department of Physics Yogi Vemana University Radio and Atmospheric Physics Lab Rajdhani College University of Delhi Department of Applied Physics Delhi Technical University

During a total solar eclipse(TSE) on 22 July 2009, atmospheric perturbations were monitored from the surface to thermosphere to understand TSE’s impact on the meteorological(temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and wind direction) and chemical(O3and NOx) parameters around Kadapa(14.28°N, 78.42°E), a tropical semi-arid region of India. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted at Yogi Vemana University Campus, Kadapa, India, to measure the temperature, wind speed, wind direction, and concentrations of ozone(O3), NO, NO2, and NOxby using the automatic weather station(AWS) and O3analyzer. On the eclipse day(22 July 2009), the surface observations at Kadapa showed a reduction in temperature(about 1.1°C) because of the solar insulation. Comparison of the thermal,dynamical(wind), and chemical parameters on the TSE day with control days [preceding(21 July 2009) and succeeding(23 July 2009) the TSE] illustrated the influence of solar eclipse. During the eclipse period, the O3mixing ratio decreased, while NO2and NOxincreased; however, NO remained unchanged. In addition, radio occultation(RO)temperature profiles from Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate(COSMIC)/Formosat Satellite Mission(FORMOSAT-3) and Thermosphere, Ionosphere, and Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics(TIMED) satellites were utilized to understand the impact of TSE on dynamics of the middle and upper atmosphere from tropopause to the thermosphere. High vertical resolution COSMIC observations revealed that during the solar eclipse, tropopause was cooler with twin peaks(double tropopause). The lower thermosphere between 110 and 130 km became warmer during the TSE, which might be caused by the dynamical response of the atmosphere in this region to the solar eclipse. The experimental data have provided very fine-scale variations of the atmospheric parameters both in time and height and also constituted a new set of results on TSE for further research.

关键词： total solar eclipse(TSE) atmospheric perturbations tropopause dynamics COSMIC/FORMOSAT-3 satellite radio occultation(RO) observations

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Sorghum germplasm from West and Gentral Africa maintained in the ICRISAT genebank: Status,gaps,and diversity

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The Crop Journal 2017年第6期5卷 518-532页

作者： Hari Deo Upadhyaya Kothapally Narsimha reddy Mani Vetriventhan Mohammed Irshad Ahmed Gumma murali krishna Mulinti Thimma reddy Shailesh Kumar Singh Genebank International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Patancheru 502324 Telangana India Department of Agronomy Kansas State University Manhattan KS 66506 USA The UWA Institute of Agriculture The University of Western Australia Crawley WA 6009 Australia Remote Sensing and GIS Unit International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Patancheru 502324Telangana India

The genebank at ICRISAT maintains 8020 accessions of sorghum from 16 West and Central African countries. Geographical gaps and diversity were assessed in the collection. Using the passport data of 3991 accessions for which georeferenced data were available, a total of386 districts(gaps) located in 11 West and Central African countries were identified as geographical gaps. Burkina Faso with 140 and Nigeria with 118 districts were identified as countries with major geographical gaps. The collection of 43 accessions of wild species represented only three species belonging to Sorghum bicolor ssp. drummondii and ***, S. hevisonii, and S. macrochaeta, highlighting the need for collection missions aimed exclusively at enriching the collection of wild relatives. Accessions having characterization data(7630) were used to assess diversity. The first three principal components contributed to >60% of variation. Maximum diversity was observed in the collection from Nigeria for both qualitative and quantitative traits. Mean values indicated significant differences between basic and intermediate races for the traits studied. Among the races, accessions of guinea-caudatum for qualitative traits and those of caudatum for quantitative traits were highly diverse. The low intensity of the sorghum collection and the many geographical gaps in the collection underline the importance of launching collection missions to fill the gaps, particularly in regions of predominantly guinea *** of possible duplicate accessions is needed to identify duplicates in the collection. It is suggested that all passport information including georeferenced data of collection sites should be collected when samples are collected in gaps.

关键词： Collection Diversity Gaps Germplasm Landraces Sorghum

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