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Science China Chemistry 2024年

作者： Debasis pal Kirana D.Veeranna Yuk Fai Wong p.andrew evans Department of Chemistry Queen's University(Canada) Xiangya School of pharmaceutical Sciences Central South University

The Reformatsky reagent derived from ethyl bromoacetate circumvents the challenge associated with the direct regio-and enantioselective iridium-catalyzed allylic alkylation with an unstabilized aliphatic ester enolate. Notably, this work represents the first example of using a Reformatsky reagent in a metal-allyl reaction, which permits the direct construction of enantioenriched β-stereogenic homoallylic esters without preactivation of the pronucleophile or post-reaction modification of the product(e.g., thermal decarboxylation of a 1,3-dicarbonyl). Moreover, the process allows the coupling of a broad range of sterically and electronically diverse electrophiles bearing aryl, heteroaryl and alkenyl derivatives, including the significantly more challenging alkyl-substituted allylic carbonates. The versatility of the ester product is exemplified by a series of functional group manipulations and the development of a concise and efficient enantioselective total synthesis of the natural product,(+)-descurainolide A. Finally, mechanistic studies indicate that the zinc enolate behaves as a soft nucleophile that undergoes outer-sphere alkylation.

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Latest updates on structure and recommendations of cardiac rehabilitation programs in chronic heart failure

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第8期12卷 1382-1387页

作者： Christos Kourek Alexandros Briasoulis Dimitrios e Magouliotis John Skoularigis andrew Xanthopoulos Medical School of Athens National and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 15772Greece Department of Clinical Therapeutics Alexandra HospitalFaculty of MedicineNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 11528Greece Department of Surgery University Hospital of LarissaLarissa 41110Greece of Cardiology University Hospital of LarissaLarissa 41110Greece

Chronic heart failure(HF)is a clinical syndrome with high morbidity and mor-tality *** rehabilitation(CR)is a medically supervised program designed to maintain or improve cardiovascular health of people living with HF,recommended by both American and european guidelines.A CR program con-sists of a multispecialty group including physicians,nurses,physiotherapists,trainers,nutritionists,and psychologists with the common purpose of improving functional capacity and quality of life of chronic HF *** activity,lifestyle,and psychological support are core components of a successful CR *** has been shown to be beneficial in all ejection fraction categories in HF and most patients,who are stable under medication,are capable of *** individualized exercise prescription should be developed on the basis of a baseline evaluation in all *** main modalities of exercise training are aerobic exercise and muscle strength training of different intensity and *** is important to set the appropriate clinical outcomes from the beginning,in order to assess the effectiveness of a CR *** are still significant limitations that prevent patients from participating in these programs and need to be solved.A significant limitation is the generally low quality of research in CR and the presence of negative trials,such as the rehabilitation after myocardial infarction trial,where comprehensive rehabilitation following myocardial infraction had no important effect on mortality,morbidity,risk factors,or health-related quality of life or *** the present editorial,we present all the updated knowledge and recommendations in CR programs.

关键词： Cardiac rehabilitation Heart failure Outcomes exercise protocols prescription Future perspectives Limitations

Spreadability of powders for additive manufacturing: A critical review of metrics and characterisation methods

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pARTICUOLOGY 2024年第10期93卷 211-234页

作者： Talebi, Fatemeh A. Haydari, Zobaideh Salehi, Hamid Mehrabi, Mozhdeh Gardy, Jabbar Bradley, Mike Bayly, andrew e. Hassanpour, Ali Univ Leeds Sch Chem & Proc Engn Leeds LS2 9JT England Univ Greenwich Sch Engn Greenwich ME4 4TB England Cormica Ltd Listerhills Sci PkCampus Rd Bradford BD7 1HR England

powder bed fusion methods of additive manufacturing (AM) require consistent, reproducible, and uniform layers of powder for the reliable production of high-quality parts, where properties of powder are central to achieving this. Among these properties, powder flowability and spreadability play critical roles in determining the quality of these powder layers. While extensive research has been conducted on powder flow and spreading behaviour, and on their characterisation, there is little critical comparison and review of these terms in the context of AM. Such a review is necessary to further develop and enhance our comprehension of spreading dynamics and its relation to powder properties in AM systems. This review paper aims to build a coherent understanding of the correlation between powder characteristics and spreading in powder based additive manufacturing and its impact on manufactured parts. It highlights the current progress in comprehending spreading dynamics, the influence of powder characteristics, environmental conditions, spreading system, and the development of testing tools to assess powder spreadability. Furthermore, the paper critically discusses the challenge of finding appropriate quantitative metrics and recent advances in the use of standardised methods for evaluating powder spreadability. (c) 2024 Chinese Society of particuology and Institute of process engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. published by elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http:// ***/licenses/by/4.0/).

关键词： powder spreading powder flowability powder properties Quality of layer and final products DISCReTe eLeMeNT SIMULATION pARTICLe-SIZe DISTRIBUTION SpReADING pROCeSS FLOW pROpeRTIeS NUMeRICAL-SIMULATION DeNSITY BULK FLOWABILITY SeGReGATION BeHAVIOR

Remodeling Tumor Immune Microenvironment by Using polymer-Lipid-Manganese Dioxide Nanoparticles with Radiation Therapy to Boost Immune Response of Castration-Resistant prostate Cancer

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Research 2024年第3期2023卷 83-96页

作者： Abdulmottaleb e.Zetrini HoYin Lip Azhar Z.Abbasi Ibrahim Alradwan Taksim Ahmed Chunsheng He Jeffrey T.Henderson andrew M.Rauth Xiao Yu Wu Advanced pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory Leslie Dan Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of TorontoM5S 3M2TorontoONCanada. Departments of Medical Biophysics and Radiation Oncology University of TorontoM5G 1L7TorontoONCanada.

Despite substantial progress in the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRpC), including radiation therapy and immunotherapy alone or in combination, the response to treatment remains poor due to the hypoxic and immunosuppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment. Herein, we exploited the bioreactivity of novel polymer–lipid manganese dioxide nanoparticles (pLMDs) to remodel the tumor immune microenvironment (TIMe) by increasing the local oxygen levels and extracellular pH and enhancing radiation-induced immunogenic cell death. This study demonstrated that pLMD treatment sensitized hypoxic human and murine CRpC cells to radiation, significantly increasing radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks and ultimately cell death, which enhanced the secretion of damage-associated molecular patterns, attributable to the induction of autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Reoxygenation via pLMDs also polarized hypoxic murine RAW264.7 macrophages toward the M1 phenotype, enhancing tumor necrosis factor alpha release, and thus reducing the viability of murine CRpC TRAMp-C2 cells. In a syngeneic TRAMp-C2 tumor model, intravenous injection of pLMDs suppressed, while radiation alone enhanced recruitment of regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. pretreatment with pLMDs followed by radiation down-regulated programmed death-ligand 1 and promoted the infiltration of antitumor CD8+ T cells and M1 macrophages to tumor sites. Taken together, TIMe modulation by pLMDs plus radiation profoundly delayed tumor growth and prolonged median survival compared with radiation alone. These results suggest that pLMDs plus radiation is a promising treatment modality for improving therapeutic efficacy in radioresistant and immunosuppressive solid tumors.

关键词： RAW264.7 alone treatment

Dynamics of self-hybridized exciton–polaritons in 2D halide perovskites

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 13-22页

作者： Surendra B.Anantharaman Jason Lynch Christopher e.Stevens Christopher Munley Chentao Li Jin Hou Hao Zhang andrew Torma Thomas Darlington Francis Coen Kevin Li Arka Majumdar pJames Schuck Aditya Mohite Hayk Harutyunyan Joshua R.Hendrickson Deep Jariwala Department of electrical and Systems engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA KBR Inc. BeavercreekOH45431USA Air Force Research Laboratory Sensors DirectorateWright-Patterson Air Force BaseOH45433USA Department of physics University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA Department of physics Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular engineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Applied physics program Smalley‐Curl InstituteRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Department of Mechanical engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10027USA Department of electrical and Computer engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA

excitons,bound electron–hole pairs,in two-dimensional hybrid organic inorganic perovskites(2D HOIps)are capable of forming hybrid light-matter states known as exciton-polaritons(e–ps)when the excitonic medium is confined in an optical *** the case of 2D HOIps,they can self-hybridize into e–ps at specific thicknesses of the HOIp crystals that form a resonant optical cavity with the ***,the fundamental properties of these self-hybridized e–ps in 2D HOIps,including their role in ultrafast energy and/or charge transfer at interfaces,remain ***,we demonstrate that>0.5µm thick 2D HOIp crystals on Au substrates are capable of supporting multiple-orders of self-hybridized e–p *** e–ps have high Q factors(>100)and modulate the optical dispersion for the crystal to enhance sub-gap absorption and *** varying excitation energy and ultrafast measurements,we also confirm energy transfer from higher energy e–ps to lower energy e–***,we also demonstrate that e–ps are capable of charge transport and transfer at *** findings provide new insights into charge and energy transfer in e–ps opening new opportunities towards their manipulation for polaritonic devices.

关键词： charge polar excitation

Lighting up aggregate emission of perylene diimide by leveraging polymerization-mediated through-space charge transfer and π-π stacking

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Science China Chemistry 2024年

作者： Suiying Ye Désirée Füglistaller Tian Tian Anjay Manian Sudhir Kumar Celine Nardo andrew J.Christofferson Salvy p.Russo Chih-Jen Shih Jean-Christophe Leroux Yinyin Bao Institute of pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences ETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences ETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 ARC Centre of excellence in exciton Science School of Science RMIT University School of Science STEM College RMIT University

The molecular engineering of fluorescent organic/polymeric materials, specifically those emitting in the deep red to near-infrared spectrum, is vital for advancements in optoelectronics and biomedicine. perylene diimide(pDI), a well-known fluorescent scaffold, offers high thermal and photophysical stability but suffers from fluorescence quenching in solid or aggregate states due to intense π-π interactions. To mitigate this, simple and versatile methods for strong pDI aggregate emission without extensive synthetic demands are highly desirable but still lacking. Here, we report a straightforward strategy to enhance the solid-state emission of pDI by introducing certain degree of through-space charge transfer(TSCT) via controlled radical polymerization,which can efficiently distort the typical face-to-face pDI stacking, enabling greatly enhanced deep red emission. This is achieved by growing electron-donating star-shape styrenic(co)polymers from a multidirectional electron-accepting pDI initiator. The incorporation of polycyclic aromatic monomers further shifted the emission into the near-infrared region, albeit with a reduced intensity. Overall, the emission of the pDI-based TSCT polymers can be systematically manipulated by leveraging the balance between pDI stacking and the TSCT degree, as confirmed by both experimental study and theoretical calculations. Our approach circumvents complex synthetic procedures, offering highly emissive materials with large Stokes shifts and showing broad potential for optoelectronic technology.

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Aboveground carbon sequestration of Cunninghamia lanceolata forests:Magnitude and drivers

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Forest ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 32-41页

作者： Chen Wang Shuguang Liu Yu Zhu andrew R.Smith Ying Ning Deming Deng National engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry&ecology in South China Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China Technology Innovation Center for ecological Conservation and Restoration in Dongting Lake Basin Ministry of Natural ResourcesChangsha 410007China College of Life Science and Technology Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China School of ecology and environment Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityGwyneddLL572UWUK College of Forestry Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China Hunan prospecting Designing&Research General Institute for Agriculture Forestry&IndustryChangsha 410007China

Understanding the spatial variation,temporal changes,and their underlying driving forces of carbon sequestration in various forests is of great importance for understanding the carbon cycle and carbon management *** carbon density and sequestration in various Cunninghamia lanceolata forests,extensively cultivated for timber production in subtropical China,vary with biodiversity,forest structure,environment,and cultural factors remain poorly explored,presenting a critical knowledge gap for realizing carbon sequestration supply potential through *** on a large-scale database of 449 permanent forest inventory plots,we quantified the spatial-temporal heterogeneity of aboveground carbon densities and carbon accumulation rates in Cunninghamia lanceolate forests in Hunan province,China,and attributed the contributions of stand structure,environmental,and management factors to the heterogeneity using quantile age-sequence analysis,partial least squares path modeling(pLS-pM),and hot-spot *** results showed lower values of carbon density and sequestration on average,in comparison with other forests in the same climate zone(i.e.,subtropics),with pronounced spatial and temporal ***,quantile regression analysis using carbon accumulation rates along an age sequence showed large differences in carbon sequestration rates among underperformed and outperformed forests(0.50 and 1.80 Mg·ha^(-1)·yr^(-1)).pLS-pM demonstrated that maximum DBH and stand density were the main crucial drivers of aboveground carbon density from young to mature ***,species diversity and geotopographic factors were the significant factors causing the large discrepancy in aboveground carbon density change between low-and high-carbon-bearing *** analysis revealed the importance of culture attributes in shaping the geospatial patterns of carbon *** work highlighted that retaining largesized DBH trees and increasing shade-t

关键词： Carbon density Carbon accumulation rate Forest age Spatial variation Cultural influence

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妊娠期远程血压监测装置的验证

中华高血压杂志(中英文) 2024年第5期32卷 500-500页

作者： Oben A Moore M Wallace e muntner p Oparil S Tita A Sinkey R 刘青练桂丽

背景:理想生活血压管理设备(the ideal life blood pressure manager,ILBpM)可测量血压并自动将结果传输到患者的医疗记录中,无需连接互联网,但尚未得到验证。研究者的目标是通过验证方案对孕妇理想生活血压管理器进行研究。方法:根据...

背景:理想生活血压管理设备(the ideal life blood pressure manager,ILBpM)可测量血压并自动将结果传输到患者的医疗记录中,无需连接互联网,但尚未得到验证。研究者的目标是通过验证方案对孕妇理想生活血压管理器进行研究。方法:根据医疗器械促进协会/欧洲高血压学会/国际标准化组织协议,将妊娠参与者纳入三个亚组:血压正常[收缩压pa)和舒张压<90 mm Hg]、高血压(收缩压≥140 mm Hg和/或舒张压≥90 mmHg)但无蛋白尿,

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exosomes derived from tumor adjacent fibroblasts efficiently target pancreatic tumors

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Acta pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第7期14卷 3009-3026页

作者： Saini Setua Shabia Shabir poornima Shaji Ana Martinez Bulnes Anupam Dhasmana Swathi Holla Nivesh K.Mittal Nirakar Sahoo Tripti Saini Francesco Giorgianni Mohammad Sikander andrew e.Massey Bilal B.Hafeez Manish K.Tripathi Vincent p.Diego Meena Jaggi Junming Yue Nadeem Zafar Murali M.Yallapu Stephen W.Behrman Sheema Khan Subhash C.Chauhan Department of pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacyand College of MedicineUniversity of Tennessee Health Science Center(UTHSC)MemphisTN 36163USA Department of Computer Science Islamic University of Science and TechnologyAwantiporaJ&K 192122India Department of Immunology and Microbiology School of MedicineUniversity of Texas Rio Grande ValleyMcAllenTX 78504USA South Texas Center of excellence in Cancer Research School of Medicinethe University of Texas Rio Grande ValleyMcAllenTX 78504USA Himalayan School of Biosciences and Cancer Research Institute Himalayan Institute of Medical SciencesSwami Rama Himalayan UniversityDehradun 248016India plough Center for Sterile Drug Delivery Solutions UTHSCMemphisTN 38104USA Department of Biology College of SciencesUTRGVMcAllenTX 78539USA National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering(NIBIB) National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892USA South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute UTRGVMcAllenTX 78504USA Dept.of Laboratory Medicine&pathology University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA Department of Surgery Baptist Memorial Medical EducationBaptist Memorial HospitalMemphisTN 38120USA Baptist Health Sciences University MemphisTN 38104USA

The application of extracellular vesicles,particularly exosomes(eXs),is rapidly expanding in the field of medicine,owing to their remarkable properties as natural carriers of biological *** study investigates utilization of exosomes derived from stromal cells of tumor adjacent normal tissues(NAF-eXs)for personalized medicine,which can be derived at the time of diagnosis by endoscopic ***,we show that exosomes(eXs)derived from NAFs demonstrate differential bio-physical characteristics,efficient cellular internalization,drug loading efficiency,pancreatic tumor targeting and delivery of ***-derived eXs(NAF-eXs)were used for loading ormeloxifene(ORM),a potent anti-cancer and desmoplasia inhibitor as a model *** found that ORM maintains normal fibroblast cell phenotype and renders them incompatible to be triggered for a CAF-like phenotype,which may be due to regulation of Ca^(2+) influx in fibroblast ***-eXs-ORM effectively blocked oncogenic signaling pathways involved in desmoplasia and epithelial mesenchymal transition(eMT)and repressed tumor growth in xenograft mouse *** conclusion,our data suggests preferential tropism of NAF-eXs for pDAC tumors,thus imply feasibility of developing a novel personalized medicine for pDAC patients using autologous NAF-eXs for improved therapeutic outcome of anti-cancer ***,it provides the opportunity of utilizing this biological scaffold for effective therapeutics in combination with standard therapeutic regimen.

关键词： pancreatic cancer Tumor adjacent normal tissue fibroblasts(NAF) Desmoplasia extracellular vesicles exosomes Tumor targeting Ormeloxifene personalized medicine

Correction to:Advancing the Disaster and Development paradigm

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第1期15卷 178-178页

作者： andrew e.Collins Department of Geography and environmental Sciences/Disaster and Development Network(DDN) Northumbria UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne NE18STUK

Correction to:International Journal of Disaster Risk Science(2018)9:486–495 https://***/10.1007/s13753-018-0206-5 In this article the reference to Lewis(2012)was incorrect;it should have read Lewis and Kelman(2012),with the following details:Lewis,J.,and *** good,the bad and the ugly:Disaster Risk Reduction(DRR)versus Disaster Risk Creation(DRC).pLoS Currents:***://***/10.1371/4f8d4eaec6af8.

关键词： details Creation Lewis