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Ovule number as a rising star for regulating seed yield: Hope or hype

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第11期23卷 3623-3640页

作者： Shahid ullah khan Ahmad Ali Sumbul Saeed Yonghai Fan Ali Shehazd Hameed Gul Shah Fahad Kun Lu Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City and Southwest University College of Agronomy and BiotechnologySouthwest University Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture Ministry of Education Women Medical and Dental College Khyber Medical University National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural University School of Environment and Science Griffith University College of Agronomy and Biotechnology Southwest University Department of Agronomy Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan Department of Natural Sciences Lebanese American University

Rapeseed(Brassica napus L.) is the second most widely grown premium oilseed crop globally, mainly for its vegetable oil and protein meal. One of the main goals of breeders is producing high-yield rapeseed cultivars with sustainable production to meet the requirements of the fast-growing population. Besides the pod number, seeds per silique(SS), and thousand-seed weight(TSW), the ovule number(ON) is a decisive yield determining factor of individual plants and the final seed yield. In recent years, tremendous efforts have been made to dissect the genetic and molecular basis of these complex traits, but relatively few genes or loci controlling these traits have been reported thus far. This review highlights the updated information on the hormonal and molecular basis of ON and development in model plants(Arabidopsis thaliana). It also presents what is known about the hormonal, molecular, and genetic mechanism of ovule development and number, and bridges our understanding between the model plant species(A. thaliana) and cultivated species(B. napus). This report will open new pathways for primary and applied research in plant biology and benefit rapeseed breeding programs. This synopsis will stimulate research interest to further understand ovule number determination, its role in yield improvement, and its possible utilization in breeding programs.

关键词： Brassica napus ovule number genetics ovule development hormonal signaling

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Impact of scandium and terbium on the mechanical properties,corrosion behavior,and biocompatibility of biodegradable Mg-Zn-Zr-Mn alloys

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第2期12卷 546-572页

作者： Khurram munir Jixing Lin Xian Tong Arne Biesiekierski Yuncang Li Cuie Wen School of Engineering RMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoria 3001Australia School and Hospital of Stomatology Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027China

Magnesium(Mg)-based bone implants degrade rapidly in the physiological environment of the human body which affects their structural integrity and biocompatibility before adequate bone *** earth elements(REEs)have demonstrated their effectiveness in tailoring the corrosion and mechanical behavior of Mg *** study methodically investigated the impacts of scandium(Sc)and terbium(Tb)in tailoring the corrosion resistance,mechanical properties,and biocompatibility of Mg–0.5Zn–0.35Zr–0.15Mn(MZZM)alloys fabricated via casting and hot *** indicate that addition of Sc and Tb improved the strength of MZZM alloys via grain size reduction and solid solution strengthening *** extruded MZZM–(1–2)Sc–(1–2)Tb(wt.%)alloys exhibit compressive strengths within the range of 336–405 MPa,surpassing the minimum required strength of 200 MPa for bone implants by a significant *** polarization tests revealed low corrosion rates of as–cast MZZM(0.25 mm/y),MZZM–2Tb(0.45 mm/y),MZZM–1Sc–1Tb(0.18 mm/y),and MZZM–1Sc–2Tb(0.64 mm/y),and extruded MZZM(0.17 mm/y),MZZM–1Sc(0.15 mm/y),MZZM-2Sc(0.45 mm/y),MZZM-1Tb(0.17 mm/y),MZZM-2Tb(0.10 mm/y),MZZM–1Sc-1Tb(0.14 mm/y),MZZM-1Sc-2Tb(0.40 mm/y),and MZZM–2Sc–2Tb(0.51 mm/y)alloys,which were found lower compared to corrosion rate of high-purity Mg(~1.0 mm/y)reported in the ***,addition of Sc,or Tb,or Sc and Tb to MZZM alloys did not adversely affect the viability of SaOS2 cells,but enhanced their initial cell attachment,proliferation,and spreading shown via polygonal shapes and *** study emphasizes the benefits of incorporating Sc and Tb elements in MZZM alloys,as they effectively enhance corrosion resistance,mechanical properties,and biocompatibility simultaneously.

关键词： Corrosion property In vitro cytotoxicity Magnesium alloys Mechanical property Rare earth elements

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Improvement of the conversion efficiency of Mg_(3)Sb_(2)thermoelectric devices through optimizing the resistivity of the MgSbNi barrier layer

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第1期168卷 208-214页

作者： Huimin Zhang Yachao Wang Zuhair A.munir Yongzhong Zhang Wenhao Fan Shaoping Chen College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024China Capital Aerospace Machinery Company Beijing100076China Department of Material Science and Engineering University of CaliforniaDavisCalifornia95616United States of America College of Physics and Optoelectronics Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024China Instrumental Analysis Center of Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024China

Mg_(3)Sb_(2)-based thermoelectric materials have been the focus of widespread investigations as promising candidates for the harvesting of waste *** stability and service performance are key points for the commercial applications of these *** utilized Mg_(4.3)Sb_(3)Ni as a barrier layer to improve the thermal stability of Mg 3 Sb 2-based ***,its intrinsic high resistivity contributed nega-tively to the desired performance of the *** this work,we investigated two other Mg-Sb-Ni ternary phases,MgSbNi and MgSbNi_(2),as new barrier layer materials to connect with Mg_(3.2)Sb_(2)Y_(0.05).The results show that the efficiency of the Mg_(1.2)SbNi/Mg_(3.2)Sb_(2)Y_(0.05)/Mg_(1.2)SbNi joint is increased by 33%relative to the higher Mg-content barriers due to lower *** system exhibited good interfacial compatibility and showed little change with aging at 673 K for 20 days.

关键词： Mg_(3)Sb_(2) Mg_(1.2)SbNi Barrier layer Conversion efficiency

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A Traffic-Aware and Cluster-Based Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for IoT-Assisted WSNs

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 1831-1850页

作者： Hina Gul Sana ullah Ki-Il Kim Farman Ali Department of Computer and Software Technology University of SwatMingora19130Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon34134Republic of Korea Department of Applied AI Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul03063Republic of Korea

The seamless integration of intelligent Internet of Things devices with conventional wireless sensor networks has revolutionized data communication for different applications,such as remote health monitoring,industrial monitoring,transportation,and smart *** and reliable data routing is one of the major challenges in the Internet of Things network due to the heterogeneity of *** paper presents a traffic-aware,cluster-based,and energy-efficient routing protocol that employs traffic-aware and cluster-based techniques to improve the data delivery in such *** proposed protocol divides the network into clusters where optimal cluster heads are selected among super and normal nodes based on their residual *** protocol considers multi-criteria attributes,i.e.,energy,traffic load,and distance parameters to select the next hop for data delivery towards the base *** performance of the proposed protocol is evaluated through the network simulator *** different traffic rates,number of nodes,and different packet sizes,the proposed protocol outperformed LoRaWAN in terms of end-to-end packet delivery ratio,energy consumption,end-to-end delay,and network *** 100 nodes,the proposed protocol achieved a 13%improvement in packet delivery ratio,10 ms improvement in delay,and 10 mJ improvement in average energy consumption over LoRaWAN.

关键词： Internet of Things wireless sensor networks traffic load clustering routing energy efficiency

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A novel fractional case study of nonlinear dynamics via analytical approach

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2024年第2期39卷 276-290页

作者： Hassan khan Adnan khan Rasool Shah Dumitru Baleanu Department of Mathematics Abdul Wali khan UniversityMardan 23200Pakistan Department of Mathematics Faculty of Arts and SciencesCankaya UniversityAnkara 06530Turkey Institute of Space Sciences Magurele-BucharestRomania

The present work describes the fractional view analysis of Newell-Whitehead-Segal equations,using an innovative *** work is carried with the help of the Caputo operator of fractional *** analytical solutions of some numerical examples are presented to confirm the reliability of the proposed *** derived results are very consistent with the actual solutions to the problems.A graphical representation has been done for the solution of the problems at various fractional-order ***,the solution in series form has the desired rate of convergence and provides the closed-form *** is noted that the procedure can be modified in other directions for fractional order problems.

关键词： Homotopy Perturbation method Shehu transform Newell-Whitehead-Segel Equation Caputo operator

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Supposition of graphene stacks to estimate the contact resistance and conductivity of nanocomposites

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第4期45卷 663-676页

作者： Y.ZARE M.T.munir G.J.WENG K.Y.RHEE Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Group Department of Interdisciplinary TechnologiesBreast Cancer Research CenterMotamed Cancer InstituteTehran ***Iran College of Engineering and Technology American University of the Middle EastEgaila 54200Kuwait Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJ 08903U.S.A. Department of Mechanical Engineering(BK21 Four) College of EngineeringKyung Hee UniversityYongin 446701Republic of Korea

In this study,the effects of stacked nanosheets and the surrounding interphase zone on the resistance of the contact region between nanosheets and the tunneling conductivity of samples are evaluated with developed equations superior to those previously *** contact resistance and nanocomposite conductivity are modeled by several influencing factors,including stack properties,interphase depth,tunneling size,and contact *** developed model's accuracy is verified through numerous experimental *** further validate the models and establish correlations between parameters,the effects of all the variables on contact resistance and nanocomposite conductivity are ***,the contact resistance is primarily dependent on the polymer tunnel resistivity,contact area,and tunneling *** dimensions of the graphene nanosheets significantly influence the conductivity,which ranges from 0 S/m to90 S/*** increased number of nanosheets in stacks and a larger gap between them enhance the nanocomposite's ***,the thicker interphase and smaller tunneling size can lead to higher sample conductivity due to their optimistic effects on the percolation threshold and network efficacy.

关键词： graphene polymer composite stacked nanosheet tunneling conductivity contact resistance interphase

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DeBERTa-GRU: Sentiment Analysis for Large Language Model

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 4219-4236页

作者： Adel Assiri Abdu Gumaei Faisal Mehmood Touqeer Abbas Sami ullah Department of Informatics for Business College of BusinessKing Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj11942Saudi Arabia School of Electrical and Information Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China Department of Computer Science and Technology Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China Department of Computer Science Government College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPunjab38000Pakistan

Modern technological advancements have made social media an essential component of daily *** media allow individuals to share thoughts,emotions,and *** analysis plays the function of evaluating whether the sentiment of the text is positive,negative,neutral,or any other personal emotion to understand the sentiment context of the *** analysis is essential in business and society because it impacts strategic *** analysis involves challenges due to lexical variation,an unlabeled dataset,and text distance *** execution time increases due to the sequential processing of the sequence ***,the calculation times for the Transformer models are reduced because of the parallel *** study uses a hybrid deep learning strategy to combine the strengths of the Transformer and Sequence models while ignoring their *** particular,the proposed model integrates the Decoding-enhanced with Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers(BERT)attention(DeBERTa)and the Gated Recurrent Unit(GRU)for sentiment *** the Decoding-enhanced BERT technique,the words are mapped into a compact,semantic word embedding space,and the Gated Recurrent Unit model can capture the distance contextual semantics *** proposed hybrid model achieves F1-scores of 97%on the Twitter Large Language Model(LLM)dataset,which is much higher than the performance of new techniques.

关键词： DeBERTa GRU Naive Bayes LSTM sentiment analysis large language model

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Mechanical and magneto-electronic properties of europium lanthanide-based cubic perovskites EuYO_(3)(Y=Cr, Mn, Fe): An ab initio study

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 562-569,I0005页

作者： Hayat ullah Azra Sarwar Sajad Ali Rabah Khenata Abdelmadjid Bouhemadou Saad Bin-Omran Department of Physics Women University of Azad Jammu&Kashmir Bagh 10250Pakistan Department of Physics Abdul Wali Khan UniversityMardan23200KPPakistan LPQ3M Laboratory Institute of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Mascara29000MascaraAlgeria Laboratory for Developing New Materials and Their Characterization Farhat Abbas University Setif l19000SetifAlgeria Department of Physics and Astronomy College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh11451Saudi Arabia

Computational calculations using density functional theory(DFT) were performed for the first time using the full potential linearized augmented plane wave plus local orbital method(FP-LAPW + LO) to determine the structural, elastic, electronic and magnetic properties of europium-based cubic perovskites EuYO_(3)(Y=Cr, Mn, Fe). The exchange correlation potentials of GGA along with some analytical methods were adopted for the computation of structural and elastic properties. Moreover, the GGA + U formalism was also added for obtaining more precise electronic and magnetic properties, particularly to address the Eu-4f and Y-3d orientations in the spin-polarized double cell symmetry. The observed lattice parameters of these compounds are consistent with experiment. The observed bulk moduli predict that EuCrO_(3) is harder and less compressible than EuMnO_(3) and EuFeO_(3). The calculated tolerance factors of these compounds are within the cubic symmetry range. Our computed critical radius of EuCrO_(3) shows that EuCrO_(3) has a larger migration energy. Based on their elastic properties, these compounds are ductile in nature. We also computed the thermal properties of these compounds. The band structures and density of states show that these compounds are metallic in character. The lowest ground state energy and magnetic moments of these compounds expose their ferromagnetic nature. The metallic nature and strong ferromagnetism of these compounds make them promising applicants for application in spintronic.

关键词： Perovskites GGA+U Elastic constants Band structure Magnetic moments Rare earths

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Detection of onset of agglomeration in a bubbling fluidized bed biomass combustor using reactive Eulerian computational fluid dynamics

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 504-515页

作者： Abdullah Tasleem Atta ullah Fei Li Qun Yi William Nimmo Syed Sheraz Daood Department of Chemical Engineering Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences(PIEAS)Lehtrar RoadP.O.Nilore45650IslamabadPakistan Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan430205China Energy Engineering Group Energy 2050Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldS37RDUnited Kingdom Institute of Energy and Environmental Engineering Faculty of ElectricalEnergy&Environmental EngineeringUniversity of the PunjabQuaid-e-Azam CampusLahorePakistan Energy Engineering Research and Development Centre Faculty of ElectricalEnergy&Environmental EngineeringUniversity of the PunjabQuaid-e-Azam CampusLahorePakistan

The choice of a type of combustion technology to be used for heat or power generation depends on economic,technical,operational and fuel availability *** benefits associated with the evolving market driven by the fluidised bed combustion(FBC)technology cannot be overlooked especially when gauged at 65 GWth of worldwide installed capacity alongside added benefits of handling fuel variation,low pollutant emissions and high combustion *** or biomass waste will continue to have a vital role to play in the future FBC technology-based power *** often contains high levels of inorganic species that can form sticky agglomerates posing a significant risk to boiler operation resulting in unscheduled *** added complexity of the behaviour of the fuel and bed material mix highlights the requirement for simulation models to identify agglomeration to help improve the overall performance and reliability of FBC *** resolve this problem,this research devised a simulation strategy for the detection of agglomeration using the Eulerian–Eulerian *** developed modelling strategy is validated with the experimental data available in literature for two-dimensional simplified geometry of a pilot-scale fluidised bed *** model results were found promising and robust to predict bed defluidisation times and other parameters consistent with the experimental data.

关键词： Fluidized bed combustion Eulerian Models Biomass Agglomeration Defluidisation

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Optimized Binary Neural Networks for Road Anomaly Detection:A TinyML Approach on Edge Devices

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 527-546页

作者： Amna Khatoon Weixing Wang Asad ullah Limin Li Mengfei Wang School of Information Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an710064China School of Information Engineering Xi’an Eurasia UniversityXi’an710065China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Wenzhou UniversityWenzhou325035China

Integrating Tiny Machine Learning(TinyML)with edge computing in remotely sensed images enhances the capabilities of road anomaly detection on a broader *** devices efficiently implement a Binary Neural Network(BNN)for road feature extraction,utilizing quantization and compression through a pruning *** modifications resulted in a 28-fold decrease in memory usage and a 25%enhancement in inference speed while only experiencing a 2.5%decrease in *** showcases its superiority over conventional detection algorithms in different road image *** constrained by computer resources and training datasets,our results indicate opportunities for future research,demonstrating that quantization and focused optimization can significantly improve machine learning models’accuracy and operational *** Cortex-M0 gives practical feasibility and substantial benefits while deploying our optimized BNN model on this low-power device:Advanced machine learning in edge *** analysis work delves into the educational significance of TinyML and its essential function in analyzing road networks using remote sensing,suggesting ways to improve smart city frameworks in road network assessment,traffic management,and autonomous vehicle navigation systems by emphasizing the importance of new technologies for maintaining and safeguarding road networks.

关键词： Edge computing remote sensing TinyML optimization BNNs road anomaly detection quantization model compression

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