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Assessment of biomass and net primary productivity of a dry tropical forest using geospatial technology

Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第1期30卷 157-170页

作者： Tarun Kumar Thakur S.L.swamy Arvind Bijalwan Mammohan J.R.Dobriyal Department of Environmental Science Indira Gandhi National Tribal University (IGNTU) Department of Forestry Indira Gandhi Agricultural University Faculty of Technical Forestry Indian Institute of Forest Management Navsari Agriculture University

This study quantifies biomass, aboveground and belowground net productivity, along with additional environmental factors over a 2-3 year period in Barnawapara Sanctuary of Chhattisgarh, India through satellite remotesensing and GIS techniques. Ten sampling quadrates20×20, 5×5 and 1×1 m were randomly laid for overstorey (OS), understorey (US) and ground vegetation(GS), respectively. Girth of trees was measured at breast height and collar diameters of shrubs and herbs at 0.1 m height. Biomass was estimated using allometric regression equations and herb biomass by harvesting. Net primary productivity (NPP) was determined by Ssumming biomass increment and litter crop values. Aspect and slope influenced the vegetation types, biomass and NPP in different forests. Standing biomass and NPP varied from 18.6 to101.5 Mg ha^(-1) and 5.3 to 12.7 Mg ha^(-1) a^(-1), respectively,in different forest types. The highest biomass was found in dense mixed forest, while net production recoded in Teak forests. Both were lowest in degraded mixed forests of different forest types. OS, US and GS contributed 90.4, 8.7and 0.7%, respectively, for the total mean standing biomass in different forests. This study developed spectral models for the estimation of biomass and NPP using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and other vegetation *** study demonstrated the potential of geospatial tools for estimation of biomass and net productivity of dry tropical forest ecosystem.

关键词： Allometric regression equations Fine root biomass Litter fall LAI NDVI Spectral models

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Wildland fires and moist deciduous forests of Chhattisgarh, India: divergent component assessment

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第4期25卷 857-866页

作者： B.H.Kittur S.L.swamy S.S.Bargali Manoj Kumar Jhariya Department of Silviculture & Agroforestry College of Forestry Kerala Agriculture University Vellanikara Thrissure Kerala India Department of Forestry College of Agriculture Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya Raipur (C.G.) 492006 India Department of Botany DSB Campus Kumaun University Nainital–263001 (Uttarakhand) India

We studied moist deciduous forests of Chhattisgarh, India （1） to assess the effect of four levels of historic wildland fire frequency （high, medium, low, and no-fire） on regeneration of seedlings in fire affected areas during pre and post-fire seasons, （2） to evaluate vegetation struc- ture and diversity by layer in the four fire frequency zones, （3） to evalu- ate the impact of fire frequency on the structure of economically impor- tant tree species of the region, and （4） to quantify fuel loads by fire fre- quency level. We classified fire-affected areas into high, medium, low, and no-fire frequency classes based on government records. Tree species were unevenly distributed across fire frequency categories. Shrub density was maximum in zones of high fire frequency and minimum in low- frequency and no-fire zones. Lower tree density after fires indicated that regeneration of seedlings was reduced by fire. The population structure in the high-frequency zone was comprised of seedlings of size class （A） and saplings of size class （B）, represented by Diospyros melanoxylon, Dalbergia sissoo, Shorea robusta and Tectona grandis. Younger and older trees were more abundant for Tectona grandis and Dalbargia sis- soo after fire, whereas intermediate-aged trees were more abundant pre- fire, indicating that the latter age-class was thinned by the catastrophic effect of fire. The major contributing components of fuel load included duff litter and small woody branches and twigs on the forest floor. Total fuel load on the forest floor ranged from 2.2 to 3.38 Mg/ha. The netchange in fuel load was positive in high- and medium-frequency fire zones and negative under low- and no-fire zones. Repeated fires, how- ever, slowly reduced stand stability. An ecological approach is needed for fire management to restore the no-fire spatial and temporal structure of moist deciduous forests, their species composition and fuel loads. The management approach should incorporate participatory forest ma

关键词： forest fire diversity fuel load vegetation structure

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A bifunctional rhodamine derivative as chemosensor for recognizing Cu^2+ and Hg^2+ ions via different spectra

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2020年第5期31卷 1087-1090页

作者： Kaijie Wangc Qing Kong Xiaoqiang Chen Juyoung Yoon K.M.K.swamy Fang Wang State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical EngineeringJiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials(SICAM)Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China Department of Chemistry and Nano Science Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 120-750Republic of Korea Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry.V.L.College of Pharmacy Raichur 584103India

A new simple bifunctional chemosensor 1 based on rhodamine was synthesized by hydrazide and formylformic acid,which could detect Cu^2+and Hg^2+via dif ferent detecting methods in CH3 CN-HEPES buffer solution(20 mmol/L,pH 7.4)(1:9,v/v)*** sensor 1 bound with Cu^2+,it showed a colorimetric change,while a selective enhancement in fluorescence occurred upon 1 binding with Hg^2+,resulting from the spirolatam-ring opening *** binding modes of 1 with Cu^2+and Hg^2+were investigated based on UV,fluorescence change,ESI-Mass and Job’s Plot ***,sensor 1 could selectively detect target ion in a mixed solution of Cu^2+and Hg^2+,and the two metal ions do not inte rfere with each other in the process of detecting Cu^2+or Hg^2+with 1.

关键词： Rhodamine Fluorescent sensor Colorimetric sensor Spirolatam-ring opening Mercury Copper

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Ultrasonographic assessment of paediatric ocular emergencies： A tertiary eye hospital based observation

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2018年第4期9卷 272-275页

作者： Amar Pujari Deepa R swamy Rashmi Singh Ritika Mukhija Rohan Chawla Pradccp Sharma Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi 110029 India

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to assess the utility of ocular ultrasound B scan in the emergency at the fi rst point of care for detecting posterior segment and orbital pathologies in cases of paediatric ocular ***: A prospective observational study involving 122 paediatric patients presenting to eye emergency over a period of ninety days were assessed with ultrasonography for the posterior segment as well as orbital pathology whenever indicated. The ocular ultrasound was performed gently over closed ***: Posttraumatic globe injuries were the most common indication for posterior segment evaluation, which constituted 80(65.57%) eyes. Among these 52 patients had an anechoic posterior segment and 28 patients had variable findings such as vitreous haemorrhage(8.19%), retinal detachment(6.55%), choroidal detachment(4.91%), posteriorly dislocated clear lens(0.81%) and retained intraocular foreign body(5.73%). Non-traumatic cases constituted around 42(34.42%) eyes, which included corneal ulcer(7.37%), retinoblastoma(6.55%), endophthalmitis(4.91%), extraocular muscle cysticercosis(4.91%), orbital cellulitis(4.09%), periocular haemorrhage(2.45%), proptosis(1.63%), paediatric cataract(1.63%) and cryptophthalmos(0.81%). No adverse events of performing the ultrasound was ***: First point ultrasonography in paediatric ocular emergencies is a cheap, portable and an effective tool in the assertion of signifi cant posterior segment and orbital diseases.

关键词： Paediatric ocular emergencies Ultrasound B scan Posterior segment andorbital pathologies

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ISSR markers based on GA and AG repeats reveal genetic relationship among rice varieties tolerant to drought,flood,or salinity

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2009年第2期10卷 133-141页

作者： Ch Surendhar REDDY A. Prasad BABU B.P. Mallikarjuna swamy K. KALADHAR N. SARLA Biotechnology Laboratory Crop Improvement SectionDirectorate of Rice ResearchRajendranagar

Drought, flood, salinity, or a combination of these limits rice production. Several rice varieties are well known for their tolerance to specific abiotic stresses. We determined genetic relationship among 12 rice varieties including 9 tolerant to drought, flood, or salinity using inter-simple sequence repeat （ISSR） markers. Based on all markers, the nine tolerant varieties formed one cluster distinct from the cluster of three control varieties. The salt-tolerant varieties were closest to two flood-tolerant varieties, and together they were distinct from the drought-tolerant varieties. （GA）8YG was the most informative primer, showing the highest polymorphic information content （PIC） and resolving power （Rp）. The drought-, flood-, and salt-tolerant varieties grouped in three distinct clusters within the group of tolerant varieties, when （GA）8YG was used. Sabita was the only exception. The two aus varieties, Nagina22 and FR13A, were separated and grouped with the drought- and flood-tolerant varieties, respectively, hut they were together in dendrograms based on other primers. The results show that ISSR markers associated with （GA）sYG delineated the three groups of stress-tolerant varieties from each other and can be used to identify genes/new alleles associated with the three abiotic stresses in rice germplasm.

关键词： Drought Submergence Salinity Inter-simple sequence repeat-polymerase chain reaction (ISSR-PCR) (GA)8YG Nagina22 (N22) FR13A Pokkali

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A review on anti-bacterials to combat resistance: From ancient era of plants and metals to present and future perspectives of green nano technological combinations

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2020年第1期15卷 42-59页

作者： Lakshmi Kalyani Ruddaraju Sri Venkata Narayana Pammi Girija sankar Guntuku Veerabhadra swamy Padavala Venkata Ramana Murthy Kolapalli Department of Pharmaceutics Shri Vishnu College of PharmacyBhimauaram 534202India Department of Materials Science and Engineering Chungnam National UniversityRepublic of Korea A.U.College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Visakhapatnam 530003India

In the primitive era, humans benefited partially from plants and metals to treat microbial infections. Later these infections were cured with antibiotics but further suffered from resistance issues. In searching of an alternative, researchers developed an adjuvant therapy but were hampered by spreading resistance. Subsequently, nanoparticles(NPs) were proposed to cease the multi-drug resistant bacteria but were hindered due to toxicity issues. Recently, a novel adjuvant therapy employed metals and botanicals into innovative nanotechnology as nano-antibiotics. The combination of green synthesized metallic NPs with antibiotics seems to be a viable platform to combat against MDR bacteria by alleviating resistance and toxicity. This review focuses on the primitive to present era dealings with bacterial resistance mechanisms, newer innovations of nanotechnology and their multiple mechanisms to combat resistance. In addition, special focus is paid on greener NPs as antibiotic carriers, and their future prospects of controlled release and toxicity study.

关键词： Antibiotics Bacterial resistance Green nanotechnology Adjuvant therapy Toxicity

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Diffuse coronary artery vasospasm in a patient with subarachnoid hemorrhage: A case report

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World Journal of Cardiology 2020年第9期12卷 468-474页

作者： Dennis Grewal Adeba Mohammad Pooja swamy Islam Abudayyeh Mamas A Mamas Purvi Parwani Division of Cardiology Department of CardiologyLoma Linda University Medical CenterLoma LindaCA 92354United States Keele Cardiovascular Research Group Centre for Prognosis ResearchInstitutes of Applied Clinical Science and Primary Care and Health SciencesKeele UniversityStoke on TrentManchester M139PTUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Coronary artery vasospasm(CAV)is a reversible,transient form of vasoconstriction with clinical manifestations ranging from stable angina to acute coronary syndromes(ACS).Vasospasm of epicardial coronary arteries or associated micro-vasculature can lead to total or subtotal occlusion and has been demonstrated in nearly 50%of patients undergoing angiography for suspected *** mechanism for CAV has been described in literature,but in a subgroup of patients presenting with intracranial hemorrhage,it appears to be *** patients tend to have electrocardiographic changes,elevation of cardiac biomarkers of injury and neurogenic stress *** SUMMARY A 44-year-old woman presented with severe headaches and tonic-clonic *** was found to have diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH)requiring ventricular drain placement,coil embolization and induced *** subsequently developed chest pain with ST elevations in anterior precordial leads,elevated cardiac enzymes and apical ballooning with left ventricular ejection fraction of 35%on transthoracic *** angiogram revealed severe diffuse triple vessel stenoses secondary to CAV seen *** cardiac MRI notable for apical non-viability and scar *** This case highlights a unique etiology of acute myocardial infarction in a patient with SAH leading to ST elevations,diffuse triple vessel CAV and apical scar.

关键词： ST-elevation myocardial infarction Acute coronary syndrome Stress induced cardiomyopathy Coronary artery vasospasm Cerebral vasospasm Subarachnoid hemorrhage Case report

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The human malaria parasite genome is configured into thousands of coexpressed linear regulatory units

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2020年第9期47卷 513-521页

作者： Chengqi Wang Justin Gibbons swamy R.Adapa Jenna Oberstaller Xiangyun Liao Min Zhang John H.Adams Rays H.Y.Jiang Global and Planetary Health USF GenomicsCollege of Public HealthUniversity of South FloridaTampaFL 33612USA

The human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum thrives in radically different host environments in mosquitoes and humans, with only a limited set of transcription factors. The nature of regulatory elements or their target genes in the P. falciparum genome remains elusive. Here, we found that this eukaryotic parasite uses an efficient way to maximally use genetic and epigenetic regulation to form regulatory units(RUs) during blood infections. Genes located in the same RU tend to have the same pattern of expression over time and are associated with open chromatin along regulatory elements. To precisely define and quantify these RUs, a novel hidden Markov model was developed to capture the regulatory structure in a genome-wide fashion by integrating expression and epigenetic evidence. We successfully identified thousands of RUs and cross-validated with previous findings. We found more genes involved in red blood cell(RBC) invasion located in the same RU as the Pf AP2-I(AP2-I) transcription factor, demonstrating that AP2-I is responsible for regulating RBC invasion. Our study has provided a regulatory mechanism for a compact eukaryotic genome and offers new insights into the in vivo transcriptional regulation of the P. falciparum intraerythrocytic stage.

关键词： Gene regulation Regulatory units ATAC-Seq RNA-Seq Hidden Markov Model Malaria Plasmodium falciparum

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Genetic mapping of QTL for agronomic traits and grain mineral elements in rice

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The Crop Journal 2019年第4期7卷 560-572页

作者： Gwen Iris Descalsota-Empleo Amery Amparado Mary Ann Inabangan-Asilo Frances Tesoro James Stangoulis Russell Reinke B.P.Mallikarjuna swamy Strategic Innovation Platform International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) Metro Manila 1226 Philippines Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics College of Agriculture University of Southern Mindanao Kabacan 9407 Cotabato Philippines College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Adelaide 5001 Australia

Malnutrition is one of the prevailing health problems worldwide, affecting a large proportion of the populations in rice-consuming countries. Breeding rice varieties with increased concentrations of elements in the grain is considered the most cost-effective approach to alleviate malnutrition. Development of molecular markers for high grain concentrations of essential elements, particularly Zn, for use in marker-assisted selection (MAS) can hasten breeding efforts to develop rice varieties with nutrient-dense grain. We performed QTL mapping for four agronomic traits: days to 50% flowering, plant height, number of tillers, grain yield, and 13 grain elements: As, B, Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, P, and Zn, in two doubled-haploid populations derived from the crosses IR64 × IR69428 and BR29 × IR75862. These populations were phenotyped during 2015DS and 2015WS at IRRI, Los Ba os, The Philippines, and genotyped them with a 6 K SNP chip. Inclusive composite interval mapping revealed 15 QTL for agronomic traits and 50 QTL for grain element concentration. Of these, eight QTL showed phenotypic variance of >25% and 11 QTL were consistent across seasons. There were seven QTL co-localization regions containing QTL for more than two traits. Twenty five epistatic interactions were detected for two agronomic traits and seven mineral elements. Several DH lines with high Fe and Zn in polished rice were identified. These lines can be used as donors for breeding high-Zn rice varieties. Some of the major QTL can be further validated and used in MAS to improve the concentrations of nutritive elements in rice grain.

关键词： Rice Quantitative trait loci Biofortification Mineral elements DH Epistasis

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Assessment of Cutting Parameters Influencing on Thrust Force and Torque during Drilling Particulate Filled Glass Fabric Reinforced Epoxy Composites

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2013年第3期1卷 101-109页

作者： Bhadrabasol Revappa Raju Bheemappa Suresha Ragera Parameshwarappa swamy Bannangadi swamy Gowda Kanthraju Department of Mechanical Engineering Don Bosco Institute of Technology Bangalore India Department of Mechanical Engineering PES Institute of Technology and Management Shivamogga India Department of Mechanical Engineering The National Institute of Engineering Mysore India Department of Mechanical Engineering University B.D.T. College of Engineering Davangere India

Drilling is indispensable process and it cannot be avoided for joining composite structures used in various engineering applications. In this research article, the influence of drilling parameters on thrust force and torque of silica (SiO2) and alumina (Al2O3) filled into glass fabric reinforced epoxy (G-E) composites are analyzed. Drilling experiments are conducted on these composite materials using BATLIBOI make radial drilling machine. Two different drill bits (HSS and cemented carbide) are used for the experimentation. The influence of drilling parameters like cutting speed and feed on thrust force and torque on drilling of particulate filled G-E composites has been carried out. The experimental results indicated that the thrust force and torque were increased with increasing feed and cutting speed for all the composites tested. Further, it is observed that the carbide drill performed better than HSS drill during drilling of particulate filled G-E composites. The drilled surfaces are examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and damage mechanisms are discussed.

关键词： Particulate Filled Glass-Epoxy Composites Drilling Thrust Force and Torque HSS and Carbide Drills

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