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Calibration of local magnitude scale for Hindukush continental subduction zone

Earthquake Science 2021年第2期34卷 114-122页

作者： Muhammad N.Mushtaq muhammd Tahir muhammd T.Iqbal muhammd a.shah Saleem Iqbal Talat Iqbal Center for Earthquake Studies Islamabad 46000Pakistan

Hindukush is an active subduction zone where at least one earthquake occurs on daily *** seismic hazard studies,it is important to develop a local magnitude scale using the data of local seismic *** have computed local magnitude scale for Hindukush earthquakes using data from local network belonging to Center for Earthquake Studies(CES)for a period of three years,i.e.2015–2017.A total of 26,365 seismic records pertaining to 2,683 earthquakes with magnitude 2.0 and greater,was used with hypocentral distance less than 600 *** scale developed by using this data comes to be M_(L)=logA+0.929logr+*** magnitude determined through formulated relation was compared with that of standard relation for Southern California and relation developed by the same authors for local network for Northern *** was observed that Hindukush region has high attenuation as compared to that of Southern California and Northern Punjab which implies that Hindukush is tectonically more disturbed as compared to the said regions,hence,seismically more active as *** have calculated station correction factors for our *** correction factors do not show any pattern which probably owes to the geological and tectonic complexity of this *** deviation and variance of magnitude residuals for CES network determined using Hutton and Boore scale and scale developed in this study were compared,it showed that a variance reduction of 44.1%was *** of magnitude residuals for different distance ranges was almost zero which showed that our magnitude scale was stable for all distances up to 600 *** developed magnitude scale will help in homogenization of earthquake *** has been observed that b-value of CES catalog decreases when magnitude is calculated by using newly developed magnitude scale.

关键词： local magnitude scale attenuation station correction factor hazard studies for Hindu Kush region

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The influence of gut microbiota alteration on age-related neuroinflammation and cognitive decline

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第11期17卷 2407-2412页

作者： Amsha S.Alsegiani Zahoor a.shah Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of ToledoToledoOHUSA

Recent emerging research on intestinal microbiota and its contribution to the central nervous system during health and disease has attra cted significant ***-related intestinal microbiota changes initiate brain aging and age-related neurodegenerative *** is one of the critical predisposing risk factors for the development of neurodegenerative *** a healthy gut microbiota is essential for a healthy body and aging,but dys biosis could initiate many chro nic *** the underlying mechanisms of gut microbiota alterations/dys biosis will help identify biomarkers for aging-related chro nic *** review summarizes recent advances in micro biota-neurodegenerative disease research and will enhance our unde rstanding of gut microbiota dys biosis and its effects on brain aging.

关键词： brain aging cognitive decline dysbiosis fecal microbiota transplantation gut-microbiota neuroinflammation prebiotics probiotics

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Dissolution behavior of bioactive glass ceramics with different CaO/MgO ratios in SBF-K9 and r-SBF

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2014年第4期24卷 354-363页

作者： M.U.Hashmi Saqlain a.shah Department of Applied Sciences Superior University Lahore 2. Department of PhysicsFC College (A Chartered University) Department of Material Science and Engineering Washington University

In the present work,we studied dissolution behavior of three glass ceramics samples each having 34 SiO2–14.5 P2O5–1 CaF2–0.5 MgF2(%wt)and ratio of CaO/MgO varying from 11.5:1 to 1:11.5 in conventional SBF(SBF-K9) and revised SBF(r-SBF) that has ionic concentration exactly equal to that of human blood *** that purpose,samples were immersed in fluids for different time periods upto 25 *** film XRD analysis revealed the diffusive nature of the phases on the surfaces of samples after soaking for different time periods in *** showed the poor precipitation and small thickness of the HCAp layer on the samples as compared to that in SBF-K9,thus indicating the fitness and sensitivity of r-SBF for in-vitro characterization of ***,FTIR and EDS revealed slow bonding rate on the surfaces of the samples in r-SBF than that in SBF-K9 that showed the dependence of bond formation on the composition of the materials as well as on the physiological fluid used for in-vitro *** rate of HCAp formation was slower in r-SBF due to more competitive adsorption of CO3 ions to Ca and Mg ions owing to greater amount of CO3 in r-SBF than that in *** shows the importance of CO3 content in the physiological fluids for the in-vitro assessment of ***,r-SBF is recommended to be used for assessment of samples to clearly understand their behavior in-vivo.

关键词： Dissolution behavior SBF-K9 r-SBF

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Perspective on the relationship between microbiota dysbiosis and neuroinflammation:probiotics as a treatment option

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第9期17卷 1969-1970页

作者： Chiao W.Ng Zahoor a.shah Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of ToledoToledoOHUSA

Introduction:In the 1680s,Antonie van Leewenhoek was the first to observe the differences in the human gut microbiome versus the oral cavity diversity,and it led to the birth of a new term,“microbiota”.Later,the link between the brain and the gut was observed to be facilitated by the vagus nerve,allowing for neurotransmitters secreted in the gastrointestinal tract to travel to the brain,directing signals that influence brain *** gut microbiome is linked to various diseases ranging from autism spectrum disorder to Parkinson’s disease(PD)and is projected to be the new“disease-causing mechanism,”calling for interventions that can modulate gut microbiota and mitigate brain *** dysbiosis is observed before and after the onset of various neurodegenerative diseases and often manifests itself into gut-related diseases such as.

关键词： inflammation diseases treatment

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50 years of scanning electron microscopy of bone——a comprehensive overview of the important discoveries made and insights gained into bone material properties in health,disease,and taphonomy

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Bone Research 2019年第2期7卷 123-137页

作者： Furqan a.shah Krisztina Ruscsák Anders Palmquist Department of Biomaterials Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of Gothenburg

Bone is an architecturally complex system that constantly undergoes structural and functional optimisation through renewal and *** scanning electron microscope (SEM) is among the most frequently used instruments for examining *** offers the key advantage of very high spatial resolution coupled with a large depth of field and wide field of *** between incident electrons and atoms on the sample surface generate backscattered electrons,secondary electrons,and various other signals including X-rays that relay compositional and topographical *** selective removal or preservation of specific tissue components (organic,inorganic,cellular,vascular),their individual contribution(s) to the overall functional competence can be *** few restrictions on sample geometry and a variety of applicable sample-processing routes,a given sample may be conveniently adapted for multiple analytical *** a conventional SEM operates at high vacuum conditions that demand clean,dry,and electrically conductive samples,non-conductive materials (e.g.,bone) can be imaged without significant modification from the natural state using an environmental scanning electron *** review highlights important insights gained into bone microstructure and pathophysiology,bone response to implanted biomaterials,elemental analysis,SEM in paleoarchaeology,3D imaging using focused ion beam techniques,correlative microscopy and in situ *** capacity to image seamlessly across multiple length scales within the meso-micro-nano-continuum,the SEM lends itself to many unique and diverse applications,which attest to the versatility and user-friendly nature of this instrument for studying *** technological developments are anticipated for analysing bone using the SEM.

关键词： scanning electron microscopy comprehensive overview important discoveries

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Small interfering RNAs based therapies for intracerebral hemorrhage: challenges and progress in drug delivery systems

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第8期17卷 1717-1725页

作者： Daniyah A.Almarghalani Sai H.S.Boddu Mohammad Ali Akhila Kondaka Devin Ta Rayyan a.shah Zahoor a.shah Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of ToledoToledoOHUSA Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of ToledoToledoOHUSA Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy and Health SciencesAjman UniversityAjmanUnited Arab Emirates

Intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)is a subtype of stroke associated with higher rates of ***,no effective drug treatment is available for *** molecular pathways following ICH are complicated and *** acid therapeutics such as gene knockdown by small interfering RNAs(siRNAs)have been developed in recent years to modulate ICH’s destructive pathways and mitigate its ***,siRNAs delivery to the central nervous system is challenging and faces many *** barriers to systemic delivery of siRNA limit the use of naked siRNA;therefore,siRNA-vectors developed to protect and deliver these therapies into the specific-target areas of the brain,or cell types seem quite *** delivery of siRNA via nanoparticles emerged as a viable and effective alternative therapeutic tool for central nervous system-related *** review discusses the obstacles to siRNA delivery,including the advantages and disadvantages of viral and nonviral ***,we provide a comprehensive overview of recent progress in nanotherapeutics areas,primarily focusing on the delivery system of siRNA for ICH treatment.

关键词： intracerebral hemorrhage lipid-based nanoparticle nanoparticles nanotechnology nonviral vectors peptide-mediated nanoparticle polymer-based nanoparticle siRNA therapeutics siRNA-barriers viral vectors

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Application of metaheuristic algorithms in interval type-2 fractional order fuzzy TID controller for nonlinear level control process under actuator and system component faults

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International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2021年第1期14卷 33-53页

作者： Himanshukumar R.Patel Vipul a.shah Instrumentation and Control Engineering Department Faculty of TechnologyDharmsinh Desai UniversityNadiadIndia

Purpose–The two-tank level control system is one of the real-world’s second-order system(SOS)widely used as the process control in *** is normally operated under the Proportional integral and derivative(PID)feedback control *** conventional PID controller performance degrades significantly in the existence of modeling uncertainty,faults and process *** overcome these limitations,the paper suggests an interval type-2 fuzzy logic based Tilt-Integral-Derivative Controller(IT2TID)which is modified structure of PID ***/methodology/approach–In this paper,an optimization IT2TID controller design for the conical,noninteracting level control system is *** to modern optimization context,the flower pollination algorithm(FPA),among the most coherent population-based metaheuristic optimization techniques is applied to search for the appropriate IT2FTID’s and IT2FPID’s *** proposed FPA-based IT2FTID/IT2FPID design framework is considered as the constrained optimization *** responses obtained by the IT2FTID controller designed by the FPA will be differentiated with those acquired by the IT2FPID controller also designed by the ***–As the results,it was found that the IT2FTID can provide the very satisfactory tracking and regulating responses of the conical two-tank noninteracting level control system superior as compared to IT2FPID significantly under the actuator and system component ***,statistical Z-test carried out for both the controllers and an effectiveness of the proposed IT2FTID controller is proven as compared to IT2FPID and existing passive fault tolerant controller in recent ***/value–Application of new metaheuristic algorithm to optimize interval type-2 fractional order TID controller for nonlinear level control system with two type of ***,proposed method will compare with other method and statistical analysis will be presented.

关键词： Actuator fault Flower pollination algorithm Interval type-2 fuzzy logic System component fault TID control

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Type-2 fuzzy logic applications designed for active parameter adaptation in metaheuristic algorithm for fuzzy fault-tolerant controller

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International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2023年第2期16卷 198-222页

作者： Himanshukumar R.Patel Vipul a.shah Department of Instrumentation and Control Dharmsinh Desai UniversityNadiadIndia

Purpose-In recent times,fuzzy logic is gaining more and more attention,and this is because of the capability of understanding the functioning of the system as per human knowledge-based *** main contribution of the work is dynamically adapting the important parameters throughout the execution of the flower pollination algorithm(FPA)using concepts of fuzzy *** adapting the main parameters of the metaheuristics,the performance and accuracy of the metaheuristic have been improving in a varied range of ***/methodology/approach-The fuzzy logic-based parameter adaptation in the FPA is *** addition,type2 fuzzy logic is used to design fuzzy inference system for dynamic parameter adaptation in metaheuristics,which can help in eliminating uncertainty and hence offers an attractive improvement in dynamic parameter adaption in metaheuristic method,and,in reality,the effectiveness of the interval type2 fuzzy inference system(IT2 FIS)has shown to provide improved results as matched to type-1 fuzzy inference system(T1 FIS)in some latest ***-One case study is considered for testing the proposed approach in a fault tolerant control problem without faults and with partial loss of effectiveness of main actuator fault with abrupt and incipient *** comparison between the type-1 fuzzy FPA and interval type-2 fuzzy FPA is presented using statitical analysis which validates the advantages of the interval type2 fuzzy *** statistical Z-test is presented for comparison of efficiency between two fuzzy variants of the FPA optimization ***/value-The main contribution of the work is a dynamical adaptation of the important parameters throughout the execution of the flower pollination optimization algorithm using concepts of type2 fuzzy *** adapting the main parameters of the metaheuristics,the performance and accuracy of the metaheuristic have been improving in a varied range of applications.

关键词： Interval Type-2 fuzzy logic Flower pollination algorithm Fuzzy fault tolerant controller

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Use of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in COVID-19 related strokes

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第9期18卷 1881-1883页

作者： Mahika Rawat Chiao Ng Emaad Khan Rayyan a.shah Suha Ashfaq Ghaith A.Bahader Zahoor a.shah Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of ToledoToledoOHUSA

Co ronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) has affected a broad demographics,eliciting a more significant effect on specific groups such as males,African Americans,and Hispanic *** of COVID-19 often requires antiviral drugs or monoclonal ***,immunotherapies such as mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomal vesicles should be evaluated as treatment options for *** stem cell thera py offe rs regenerative,anti-inflammatory,and immunomodulato ry properties that can speed up the recovery from *** stem cell therapy can also benefit COVID-19 patients who suffer from stro kes,as COVID-19 increases the risk of strokes due to increased cytokines and clotting facto *** stroke cases that occur in COVID-19 patients are ischemic *** re,with the help of mesenchymal stem cell therapy and mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes,COVID-19-induced stroke patients might benefit from dual-ended *** o bjective of this review was to discuss COVID-19 and stroke incidence and the available treatment options.

关键词： COVID-19 cytokines immunotherapy interleukin-7 mesenchymal stem cells neuroinflammation sex differences stroke

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Monitoring of Unaccounted for Gas in Energy Domain Using Semantic Web Technologies

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2021年第1期36卷 41-56页

作者： Kausar Parveen Ghalib a.shah Muhammad Aslam Amjad Farooq Department of Computer Science University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore54890Pakistan Al Khwarizmi Department University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore54890Pakistan

Smart Urbanization has increased tremendously over the last few years,and this has exacerbated problems in all areas of life,especially in the energy *** Internet of Things(IoT)is providing effective solutions in gas distribution,transmission and billing through very sophisticated sensory devices and *** of heterogeneous devices link to each other in smart urbanization,and this has led to the Semantic interoperability(SI)problem between the connected *** the energy field,such as electricity and gas,several devices are *** devices are competent for their specific operational role but unable to communicate across the operational units as required for accounting and monitoring of gas losses due to heterogeneity in device communication *** overcome this problem,we have proposed a model and ontology by applying semantic web technologies and cloud storage to address the tracking of customers to observe Unaccounted for gas(UFG)in the gas domain of *** is achieved by replicating heterogeneous devices Sensor Model Language(SenML)data into Resource description framework(RDF)without human *** semantic interoperability is used to efficiently and meaningfully share the information from one location to ***,the proposed ontology and model focus more efficiently on customer tracking,forecasting,and monitoring to detect UFG in gas *** also helps to save Gas Companies from financial gas losses.

关键词： Internet of Things semantic interoperability unaccounted for gas ontology resource description framework sensor markup language

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