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Yellow Vein Mosaic Disease in Okra(Abelmoschus esculentus L.):An Overview on Causal Agent,Vector and Management

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2021年第6期90卷 1573-1587页

作者： Mustansar Mubeen Yasir Iftikhar Aqleem Abbas Mazhar Abbas muhammad Zafar-ul-Hye Ashara sajid Faheema Bakhtawar Department of Plant Pathology College of AgricultureUniversity of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China Department of Agriculture and Agribusiness Management University of KarachiKarachi75270Pakistan Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and TechnologyBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan

Okra(Abelmoschus esculentus L.)belongs to the Malvaceae family and is one of the most essential and popular vegetables *** is rich in proteins,carbohydrates,and *** and biotic factors threaten okra *** yellow vein mosaic disease(OYVMD)is the most destructive disease of *** causal agent,[i.e.,Okra yellow vein mosaic virus(OYVMV)]of this disease belongs to the family Geminiviridae and genus *** is a monopartite with additional ssDNA *** virus has two components DNA-A for protein coding and DNA-B for symptoms *** transmits OYVMV in persistent *** symptoms of OYVMV infected okra plants are chlorosis,dwarfing,and yellowing of veins and *** temperatures with moderate rainfall enhance the development of OYVMV disease and the whitefly ***,high humidity with low temperature and rainfall has no significant role in developing the OYVMD and whitefly ***,the virus also affects the secondary metabolites in the infected okra *** virus can be managed through various strategies including the application of plant defense activators,the development of resistant varieties and by controlling its vector via pesticides and plant *** plant defense activators such as monopotassium phosphate(KH2PO),salicylic acid,benzoic acid,and citric acid enhance resistance in okra against *** addition,the resistance to OYMVD can also be achieved by successfully incorporating high yielding but resistant cultivars of acceptable *** this review,we have discussed history,economic impact,symptomology,disease development under a natural environment,genetics and management of OYVMV.

关键词： Okra OYVMV symptoms vectors epidemiological factors management

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Induced Production of Exoglucanase, and β-Glucosidase from Fungal Co-Culture of T. virideand G. lucidum

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2014年第5期5卷 426-433页

作者： Tanzila Shahzadi Zahid Anwar Zafar Iqbal Awais Anjum Tahir Aqil Bakhtawar Arroha Afzal muhammad Kamran sajid mehmood muhammad Irshad Agriculture Biotechnology National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Faisalabad Pakistan Department of Biochemistry Nawaz Sharif Medical College University of Gujrat Gujrat Pakistan Department of Botany University of Gujrat Gujrat Pakistan Department of Microbiology Quaid-e-Azam University Islamabad Pakistan

In the present study, a co-culture technique was adopted with an aim to investigate a hyper production of exoglucanase, and β-glucosidase using cheap and easily available agro-industrial residue corn stover as growth supporting substrate. Various physio-chemical and nutritional variables were optimized using classical and completely randomized designs for induced production of exoglucanase, and β-glucosidase from the co-culture of Trichoderma viride and Ganoderma lucidum in solid state fermentation (SSF). Analysis profile showed that when the conditions of the SSF medium containing 15 g corn stover substrate (50% w/w moisture) inoculated with 6 mL of inoculum were optimal, the maximum productions of exoglucanase (485 ± 6.5 U/mL) and β-glucosidase (255 ± 3.3 U/mL) were recorded after 5 days of incubation at pH 6 and 35°C.

关键词： Process Optimization SSF Co-Culture T. viride G. lucidum

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Seroprevalence of HDV among non-hospitalized HBs Ag positive patients from KPK-region of Pakistan

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第7期6卷 609-613页

作者： Ismail Jalil muhammad Arshad Zara Rafaque Fazle Raziq Robina Wazir sajid Malik Javid Iqbal Dasti Department of Microbiology Qauid-i-Azam University Islamabad Department of Pathology Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar Department of Pathology Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar Department of Animal Sciences Qauid-i-Azam University Islamabad

Objective: To study the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus(HBV) and hepatitis delta virus(HDV) infections in patients visiting outpatient department of a major tertiary care hospital in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa region of ***: Blood samples were collected from non-hospitalized patients. Serological analysis was done by ELISA and viral DNA was amplified by PCR. The amplified DNA was analyzed by agarose gel ***: Altogether, 946 blood samples were screened, overall percentage of HBs Agpositive patients remained 22.41%(prevalence: 224.10/1 000; CI: 0.197 5 ± 0.250 7) with the highest incidence rates among relatively younger age groups(20–29 years). The prevalence of HBV–HDV co-infection was found to be 46.75/1 000; CI: 0.031 8 ± 0.061 *** HBs Ag-positive patients, anti-HBc-total was detected in 86.79% while 25.00% were positive for anti-HBc-immunoglobulin M. Similarly, among these patients, HBV DNA was detected in 64.13% and 10.85% were co-infected with HDV. Different symptoms were associated with the prevailing infection, including malaise(62%), anorexia(66%) and fatigue(73%). The most commonly associated symptom was abdominal discomfort. Among these patients, certain risk factors, including surgery, visit to dentist and intravenus infusions were frequently associated with the infection(x^2= 95.23; df = 11; P < 0.000 1).Conclusions: Overall, this study confirmed higher prevalence of active HBV/HDV infection, among young patients from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa region having no prior history of viral hepatitis.

关键词： HBV HCV HDV Risk factors Co-infection

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Multivariate Aggregated NOMA for Resource Aware Wireless Network Communication Security

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 1693-1708页

作者： V.Sridhar K.V.Ranga Rao Saddam Hussain Syed sajid Ullah Roobaea Alroobaea Maha Abdelhaq Raed Alsaqour ECE Department Vidya Jyothi Institute of TechnologyIndia CSE Department Neil Gogte Institute of TechnologyIndia School of Digital Science Universiti Brunei DarussalamJalanTungku LinkGadong BE1410Brunei Darussalam Department of Information and Communication Technology University of Agder(UiA)N-4898 GrimstadNorway Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif 21944Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourahbint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computing and InformaticsSaudi Electronic University93499RiyadhSaudi Arabia

NonorthogonalMultiple Access(NOMA)is incorporated into the wireless network systems to achieve better connectivity,spectral and energy effectiveness,higher data transfer rate,and also obtain the high quality of services(QoS).In order to improve throughput and minimum latency,aMultivariate Renkonen Regressive Weighted Preference Bootstrap Aggregation based Nonorthogonal Multiple Access(MRRWPBA-NOMA)technique is introduced for network *** the downlink transmission,each mobile device’s resources and their characteristics like energy,bandwidth,and trust are *** by,the Weighted Preference Bootstrap Aggregation is applied to recognize the resource-efficient mobile devices for aware data transmission by constructing the different weak hypotheses i.e.,Multivariate Renkonen Regression *** on the classification,resource and trust-aware devices are selected for *** of the proposed MRRWPBA-NOMA technique and existing methods are carried out with different metrics such as data delivery ratio,throughput,latency,packet loss rate,and energy efficiency,signaling *** simulation results assessment indicates that the proposed MRRWPBA-NOMA outperforms well than the conventional methods.

关键词： Mobile network multivariate renkonen regression weighted preference bootstrap aggregation resource-aware secure data communication NOMA

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Authentication of Vehicles and Road Side Units in Intelligent Transportation System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第7期64卷 359-371页

作者： muhammad Waqas Shanshan Tu Sadaqat Ur Rehman Zahid Halim sajid Anwar Ghulam Abbas Ziaul Haq Abbas Obaid Ur Rehman Beijing Key Laboratory of Trusted Computing Faculty of Information TechnologyBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China Faculty of Computer Science&Engineering Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences&TechnologyTopi23460Pakistan Beijing Electro-Meahnical Engineering Institute Beijing100074China Faculty of Electrical Engineering Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences&TechnologyTopi23460Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering Sarhad University of Science and Information TechnologyPeshawar25000Pakistan

Security threats to smart and autonomous vehicles cause potential consequences such as traffic accidents,economically damaging traffic jams,hijacking,motivating to wrong routes,and financial losses for businesses and *** and autonomous vehicles are connected wirelessly,which are more attracted for attackers due to the open nature of wireless *** of the problems is the rogue attack,in which the attacker pretends to be a legitimate user or access point by utilizing fake *** figure out the problem of a rogue attack,we propose a reinforcement learning algorithm to identify rogue nodes by exploiting the channel state information of the communication *** consider the communication link between vehicle-to-vehicle,and *** evaluate the performance of our proposed technique by measuring the rogue attack probability,false alarm rate(FAR),mis-detection rate(MDR),and utility function of a receiver based on the test threshold values of reinforcement learning *** results show that the FAR and MDR are decreased significantly by selecting an appropriate threshold value in order to improve the receiver’s utility.

关键词： Intelligent transportation system authentication rogue attack

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Advances in lignocellulosic biotechnology: A brief review on lignocellulosic biomass and cellulases

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2014年第3期5卷 246-251页

作者： Tanzila Shahzadi sajid mehmood muhammad Irshad Zahid Anwar Amber Afroz Nadia Zeeshan Umer Rashid Kalsoom Sughra Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Gujrat Gujrat Pakistan Department of Biochemistry Nawaz Sharif Medical College University of Gujrat Gujrat Pakistan

From the last few decades, there has been an increasing research interest in the value of lignocellulosic biomass. Lignoellulosic biomass is an inexpensive, renewable abundant and provides a unique natural resource for large-scale and cost-effective bio-energy collection. In addition, using lignocellulosic materials and other low-cost biomass can significantly reduce the cost of materials used for ethanol production. Therefore, in this background, the rapidly evolving tools of biotechnology can lower the conversion costs and also enhance a yield of target products. In this context, a biological processing presents a promising approach to converting lignocellulosic materials into energy-fuels. The present summarized review work begins with an overview on the physio-chemical features and composition of major agricultural biomass. The information is also given on the processing of agricultural biomass to produce industrially important enzymes, e.g., ligninases or cellulases. Cellulases provide a key opportunity for achieving tremendous benefits of biomass utilization.

关键词： Lignicellulosic Biomass Eco-Friendly Bio-Ethanol Industrial Enzyme

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A Novel Network Screening Methodology for Rural Low-Volume Roads

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2023年第4期13卷 599-614页

作者： Ahmed Al-Kaisy sajid Raza Department of Civil Engineering Montana State University Bozeman Montana USA Western Transportation Institute Bozeman Montana USA

Low-volume roads (LVRs) are an integral part of the rural transportation network providing access to remote rural areas and facilitating the movement of goods from farms to markets. These roads pose unique challenges for highway agencies including those related to safety management on the highway network. Specifically, traditional network screening methods using crash history can be effective in screening rural highways with higher traffic volumes and more frequent crashes. However, these traditional methods are often ineffective in screening LVR networks due to low traffic volumes and the sporadic nature of crash occurrence. Further, many of the LVRs are owned and operated by local agencies that may lack access to detailed crash, traffic and roadway data and the technical expertise within their staff. Therefore, there is a need for more efficient and practical network screening approaches to facilitate safety management programs on these roads. This study proposes one such approach which utilizes a heuristic scoring scheme in assessing the level of risk/safety for the purpose of network screening. The proposed scheme is developed based on the principles of US Highway Safety Manual (HSM) analysis procedures for rural highways and the fundamentals in safety science. The primary application of the proposed scheme is for ranking sites in network screening applications or for comparing multiple improvement alternatives at a specific site. The proposed approach does not require access to detailed databases, technical expertise, or exact information, making it an invaluable tool for small agencies and local governments (e.g. counties, townships, tribal governments, etc.).

关键词： Network Screening Low-Volume Roads Rural Highways Traffic Safety

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Statewide GNSS-RTN Systems: Current Practices

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2023年第1期15卷 73-97页

作者： sajid Raza Ahmed Al-Kaisy Western Transportation Institute Montana State University Bozeman USA Department of Civil Engineering Montana State University Bozeman USA

The applications of geospatial technologies and positioning data embrace every sphere of modern-day science and industry. With technological advancement, the demands for highly accurate positioning services in real-time led to the development of the Global Navigation Satellite System—Real-Time Network (GNSS-RTN). While there is numerous published information on the technical aspects of the GNSS-RTN technology, information on the best practices or guidelines in building, operating, and managing the GNSS-RTN networks is lacking in practice. To better understand the current practice in establishing and operating the GNSS-RTN systems, an online questionnaire survey was sent to the GNSS-RTN system owners/operators across the U.S. Additionally, a thorough review of available literature on business models and interviews with representatives of two major manufacturers/vendors of GNSS-RTN products and services were conducted. Study results revealed a great deal of inconsistency in current practices among states in the way the GNSS-RTN systems are built, operated, and managed. Aspects of the diversity in state practices involved the business models for the GNSS-RTN systems besides the technical attributes of the network and system products. The information gathered in this study is important in helping state agencies make informed decisions as they build, expand or manage their own GNSS-RTN systems.

关键词： Real-Time Network Geospatial Data Practice Survey Current Practices Business Models Real-Time Correction

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Emerging curative-intent minimally-invasive therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第5期14卷 885-895页

作者： Kylie E Zane Paul B Nagib sajid Jalil Khalid Mumtaz Mina S Makary College of Medicine The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology Department of RadiologyThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most common cause of liver malignancy and the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths *** can be achieved for early stage HCC,which is defined as 3 or fewer lesions less than or equal to 3 cm in the setting of Child-Pugh A or B and an ECOG of *** outside of these criteria who can be down-staged with loco-regional therapies to resection or liver transplantation(LT)also achieve curative ***,surgical resection,LT,and ablation are considered curative therapies for early ***,results from recently conducted LEGACY study and DOSISPHERE trial demonstrate that transarterial radio-embolization has curative outcomes for early HCC,leading to its recent incorporation into the Barcelona clinic liver criteria guidelines for early *** review is based on current evidence for curativeintent loco-regional therapies including radioembolization for early-stage HCC.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Loco-regional therapy Radiation segmentectomy Transarterial radio-embolization Ablation Transarterial chemo-embolization Curative intent

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Genetic variability for yield and fiber related traits in genetically modified cotton

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Journal of Cotton Research 2021年第3期4卷 219-228页

作者： SAHAR Adeela ZAFAR muhammad Mubashar RAZZAQ Abdul MANAN Abdul HAROON muhammad sajid Sunaina REHMAN Abdul MO Huijuan ASHRAF muhammad REN Maozhi SHAKEEL Amir YUAN Youlu Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan Institute of Cotton Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesAnyang 455000China Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology The University of Lahore-PakistanLahorePakistan National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina Zhengzhou Research Base State Key Laboratory of Cotton BiologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina.

Background:Cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)is grown for fiber and oil purposes in tropical and sub-tropical areas of the *** is the 4th largest producer of *** has a significant contribution in the GDP of ***,the present study was performed to assess the genetic variations and genetic diversity of yield and fiber quality traits in cotton and to analyze the associations present among ***:Analysis of variance exhibited significant variation for all studied traits except total number of nodes and the height to node *** phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than the genotypic coefficient of variation for all studied *** height,monopodial branches,total number of bolls,lint index,seed index,and seed cotton yield displayed high heritabilities in a broad sense with maximum genetic *** analysis revealed that seed cotton yield had a significant positive association with plant height,the nu mber of monopodial branches,the nu mber of sympodia I branches,ginning outturn(GOT),the number of bolls,seed per boll,seed index,uniformity index,the number of sympodial branches,reflectance,and seed index at the genotypic level while a significant positive relationship was observed with plant height,the number of sympodial branches,boll number,and *** height,monopodial branches,GOT,boll weight,seeds per boll,and short fiber index exerted direct positive effects on seed cotton *** first 6 principal component analysis(PCs)out of the total fourteen PCs displayed eigenvalues(>1)and had maximum share to total variability(82.79%).The attributes that had maximum share to total divergence in eluded plant height,uniformity index,the nu mber of sympodial branches,seed per boll,GOT,seed cotton yield,and short fiber ***:The genotype AA-802,IUB-13,FH-159,FH-458,and CIM-595 were genetically diverse for most of the yield and fiber quality traits and could be utilized for the selection of better perform

关键词： Upland cotton Fiber trait Cotton yield Genetic variability Yield components

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