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Novel drug delivery systems for inflammatory bowel disease

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第18期28卷 1922-1933页

作者： Farah Yasmin Hala Najeeb Shehryar Shaikh muhammad Hasanain Unaiza naeem Abdul Moeed Thoyaja Koritala Syedadeel Hasan Salim Surani Department of Medicine Dow University of Health ScienceKarachi 74200Pakistan Department of Medicine Dow OJha University HospitalKarachi 74200Pakistan Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic Health SystemMankatoMN 56001United States Department of Medicine University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY 40292United States Department of Medicine Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843United States Department of Anesthesiology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55901United States

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a chronic illness characterized by relapsing inflammation of the *** disorder is stratified according to the severity and is marked by its two main phenotypical representations:Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s *** of the disease is ambiguous and is expected to have interactivity between genetic disposition,environmental factors such as bacterial agents,and dysregulated immune *** for IBD aims to reduce symptom extent and severity and halt disease *** mainstay drugs have been 5-aminosalicylates(5-ASAs),corticosteroids,and immunosuppressive ***,oral and rectal routes are the conventional methods of drug delivery,and among all,oral administration is most widely ***,problems of systematic drug reactions and low specificity in delivering drugs to the inflamed sites have emerged with these regular routes of *** drug delivery systems have been introduced to overcome several therapeutic obstacles and for localized drug delivery to target ***-coated microneedle pills,various nano-drug delivery techniques,prodrug systems,lipid-based vesicular systems,hybrid drug delivery systems,and biologic drug delivery systems constitute some of these novel *** are painless,they dislodge their content at the affected site,and their release can be *** bacteria such as genetically engineered Lactococcus Lactis and eukaryotic cells,including GM immune cells and red blood cells as nanoparticle carriers,can be plausible delivery methods when evaluating biologic ***-particle drug delivery systems consisting of various techniques are also employed as nanoparticles can penetrate through inflamed regions and adhere to the thick mucus of the diseased *** systems such as 5-ASAs formulations or their derivatives are effective in reducing colonic *** can be modified with both hydrophilic and lipophilic p

关键词： Inflammation Inflammatory bowel diseases Colitis Ulcerative Crohn’s disease Drug delivery systems Drug carrier

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Removal of the main inflorescence to induce reflowering of loquat

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2022年第1期8卷 35-43页

作者： Jiangrong Peng Wenkun Li Yuan Yuan Zhiqiang Han Yunpeng Cao muhammad Qasim shahid Zhike Zhang Yongshun Gao Shunquan Lin Yuanyuan Jiang Henry Fok College of Biology and Agriculture Shaoguan UniversityShaoguanGuangdong 512005China State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources College of HorticultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China The Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-wood Forest trees Ministry of EducationCentral South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China College of Agriculture South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry Beijing 100093China Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences Beijing 100093China

Loquat(Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.)is an evergreen fruit tree species of the Rosaceae,and its unique flowering time greatly hinders its *** explore the artificial regulation of loquat flowering time,we removed the main inflorescence(by cutting it)to induce *** different loquat tree cultivars with different stages,the inflorescence was removed by cutting the main floral axis at two alternative positions:the upper or the lower position beneath the inflorescence,and it was found that the proportion of reflowering resulting from removing the upper position of the main floral axis of yellow-flesh loquat cultivars during the full-bloom stage was the *** addition,compared with those of the normal-growing panicles,the number of flower buds and branch axes of the reflowering panicles decreased significantly after ***,these newly produced inflorescences flowered 2–4 months later than normal-growing inflorescences did,effectively prolonging both the flowering and fruiting *** addition,qRT-PCR results showed that EjFT1,EjFT2,EjAP1–1 and EjAP1–2 were highly expressed in the floral *** findings highlighted a new method for extending the production cycle of loquat and provided a reference for the flowering regulation of loquat and other economically important fruit tree species.

关键词： Eriobotrya japonica Reflowering Flowering time Cutting Production cycle

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Effect of different catalysts and growth temperature on the photoluminescence properties of zinc silicate nanostructures grown via vapor-liquid-solid method

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第5期31卷 657-665页

作者： Ghfoor muhammad Imran Murtaza Rehan Abid naeem Ahmad Department of Physics International Islamic UniversityIslamabad 44000Pakistan

We explore the photoluminescence properties of zinc silicate(Zn_(2)SiO_(4)) nanostructures synthesized by vapor-liquidsolid(VLS)mode of growth using three different catalysts(Sn,Ag,and Mn).Different catalysts significantly influence the growth rate which in turn has an impact on the structure and hence the photoluminescence of the prepared zinc silicate ***_(2)SiO_(4) has a wide bandgap of about 5.5 eV and in its pure form,it does not emit in visible region due to its inner shell electronic transitions between the 3 d5 energy ***,the incorporation of different catalysts(Sn,Ag and Mn)at different growth temperatures into the Zn_(2)SiO_(4) crystal growth kinetics provides wide visible spectral range of photoluminescence(PL)*** analysis shows broad multi-band spectrum in the visible region and distinct colors(red,yellow,green,blue,cyan and violet)are obtained depending on the crystalline structure of the prepared *** allowed transitions due to the effect of different catalysts on zinc silicate lattice offer a huge cross-section of absorption that generates strong *** correlation between the structural and optical properties of the synthesized nanostructures is discussed in *** synthesized photoluminescent nanostructures have potential applications in solidstate lighting and display devices.

关键词： nanostructures vapor-liquid-solid growth mode photoluminescence spectra fluorescence microscopy

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Biological Synthesis of Nanoparticles and Their Applications in Sustainable Agriculture Production

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Natural Science 2022年第6期14卷 226-234页

作者： naeem Khan shahid Ali Sadia Latif Asif Mehmood Department of Agronomy Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences University of Florida Gainesville FL USA College of Life Sciences and Oceangraphy Shenzhen University Shenzhen China Department of Biology and Environmental Science Allama Iqabal Open University Islamabad Pakistan Institute of Biological Sciences Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology Peshawar Pakistan

Nanotechnology is a developing field in biotechnology. The synthesis of nanoparticles is an important step in the field of nanotechnology. Overcoming the limitations of traditional methods, a green scheme for synthesizing nanoparticles has emerged. Plants and microorganisms are mainly used for the green synthesis of metal nanoparticles. Some of the nanoparticles showed strong antimicrobial effects against different plant pathogens. Compared with microorganisms, the use of plants to synthesize nanoparticles is on the rise, and has advantages compared with microorganisms, because plants have a wide range of bio-molecular variability, which can act as blocking/stabilizing agents and reducing agents, thereby increasing reduction rate and stability of synthetic nanoparticles. Of all living things, plants seem to have the best potential for nanoparticle biosynthesis and are suitable for large-scale biosynthesis. Compared with microorganisms, the synthesis of plant-derived nanoparticles is faster and more stable. Therefore, this review focuses on the use of microbial and plant sources to synthesize nanoparticles and their applications in agriculture.

关键词： Biosynthesis Nanoparticles Microbes Biomolecules

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Broadband Access:Technologies,Drivers,and Issues

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China Communications 2007年第4期4卷 23-32页

作者： muhammad Khalil shahid School of Economics and Management Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications

Economic research shows that public infrastructure investment is a powerful driver of business productivity,investment,and economic *** paper discusses the drivers for broadband and analyses the various broadband access technologies and their respective market *** policy and regulatory issues are also *** access,along with its extended value-added services and applications,has now become the most important growth driver for fixed *** Subscriber Line(DSL) is the leading access technology due to already available copper infrastructure and WiMAX is emerging new technology,especially in Asia/Pacific(APAC) region,due to its speedy and low cost infrastructure deployment characteristics. Countries with high penetration of broadband users such as South Korea,Japan and Canada have all implemented conscious policies for the growth of broadband in their *** in APAC region,especially the developing countries,will have to play the leading role for broadband due to its importance in economic and social growth.

关键词： Broadband access DSL WiMAX APAC region

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Identification of an S5^n allele in Oryza rufipogon Griff. and its effect on embryo sac fertility

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第13期55卷 1255-1262页

作者： shahid muhammad Qasim Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding South China Agricultural University

Oryza rufipogon exhibits abundant genetic diversity and contains many elite genes. In this work, a total of 441 accessions of O. rufipogon were genetically examined using the functional marker S5n, revealing that 18 accessions carried the S5n allele with a heterozygous genotype (S5nS5i/j). Of these accessions, 14 were from Guangdong Province, 2 from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 1 from Hainan Province and 1 from Jiangxi Province. Further sequence analysis spanning both sides of the deletion in S5n allele of O. rufipogon confirmed that this allele is identical with that of 02428, a wide-compatibility variety of domesticated rice. The segregation ratio of the 3 genotypes (S5iS5i/S5jS5j:S5nS5i/j:S5nS5n) among 15 self-bred progenies of O. rufipogon significantly deviated from the Mendelian expectation (1:2:1) in that the proportion of plants exhibiting S5n heterozygous and homozygous genotypes was much lower in the progeny. Sequence analysis of full-length S5n alleles indicated that a few base pairs were different between O. rufipogon and O. sativa, and it was presumed that S5n may be an ancient allele. The fertility of the embryo sac in plants with an S5n heterozygous genotype was low, suggesting the existence of other genes controlling embryo sac fertility in the wild rice.

关键词：普通野生稻等位基因胚囊广西壮族自治区鉴定序列分析遗传多样性广亲和品种

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Spherical uncertain linguistic Hamacher aggregation operators and their application on achieving consistent opinion fusion in group decision making

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International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2021年第4期14卷 550-579页

作者： muhammad Qiyas Saleem Abdullah muhammad naeem Mathematics Abdul Wali Khan UniversityMardanPakistan Abdul Wali Khan University MardanPakistanand Department of Preparatory Year Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia

Purpose-The aim of this research is to establish a new type of aggregation operator based on Hamacher operational law of spherical uncertain linguistic numbers(SULNs).Design/methodology/approach-First,the authors define spherical uncertain linguistic sets and develop some operational laws of ***,the authors extended these operational laws to the aggregation operator and developed spherical uncertain linguistic Hamacher averaging and geometric aggregation ***-The authors were limited in achieving a consistent opinion on the fusion in group decision-making problem with the SULN ***/value-In order to give an application of the introduced operators,the authors first constrict a system of multi-attribute decision-making algorithm.

关键词： Multi-attribute group decision making Spherical fuzzy set Spherical uncertain linguistic Hamacher averaging operators Spherical uncertain linguistic Hamacher geometric operators

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A Two Stream Fusion Assisted Deep Learning Framework for Stomach Diseases Classification

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 4423-4439页

作者： muhammad shahid Amin Jamal Hussain Shah Mussarat Yasmin Ghulam Jillani Ansari Muhamamd Attique Khan Usman Tariq Ye Jin Kim Byoungchol Chang Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadWah CampusPakistan Department of Information Sciences University of Education Lahore(Multan Campus)Pakistan Department of Computer Science HITEC University TaxilaPakistan College of Computer Engineering and Sciences Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-KharjSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Hanyang UniversitySeoul04763Korea Center for Computational Social Science Hanyang UniversitySeoul04763Korea

Due to rapid development in Artificial Intelligence(AI)and Deep Learning(DL),it is difficult to maintain the security and robustness of these techniques and algorithms due to emergence of novel term adversary *** technique is sensitive to these ***,fake samples cause AI and DL model to produce diverse *** attacks that successfully implemented in real world scenarios highlight their applicability even *** this regard,minor modifications of input images cause“Adversarial Attacks”that altered the performance of competing attacks ***,such attacks and defensive strategies are gaining lot of attention by the machine learning and security *** use different kinds of technologies to examine the patient abnormalities including Wireless Capsule Endoscopy(WCE).However,using WCE it is very difficult for doctors to detect an abnormality within images since it takes enough time while inspection and deciding *** a result,it took weeks to generate patients test report,which is tiring and strenuous for ***,researchers come out with the solution to adopt computerized technologies,which are more suitable for the classification and detection of such *** far as the classification is concern,the adversarial attacks generate problems in classified *** days,to handle this issue machine learning is mainstream defensive approach against adversarial ***,this research exposes the attacks by altering the datasets with noise including salt and pepper and Fast Gradient Sign Method(FGSM)and then reflects that how machine learning algorithms work fine to handle these noises in order to avoid *** obtained on the WCE images which are vulnerable to adversarial attack are 96.30%accurate and prove that the proposed defensive model is robust when compared to competitive existing methods.

关键词： WCE images adversarial attacks FGSM noise salt and pepper noise feature fusion deep learning

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Large Scale Fish Images Classification and Localization using Transfer Learning and Localization Aware CNN Architecture

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第5期45卷 2125-2140页

作者： Usman Ahmad muhammad Junaid Ali Faizan Ahmed Khan Arfat Ahmad Khan ArifUr Rehman Malik muhammad Ali shahid Mohd Anul Haq Ilyas Khan Zamil SAlzamil Ahmed Alhussen Bahria University Islamabad45550Pakistan COMSATS University Islamabad Islamabad45550Pakistan University of Central Punjab Lahore54000Pakistan College of Computing Khon Kaen UniversityKhon Kaen40000Thailand COMSATS University Islamabad Vehari61170Pakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics College of Science Al-ZulfiMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia

Building an automatic fish recognition and detection system for largescale fish classes is helpful for marine researchers and marine scientists because there are large numbers of fish ***,it is quite difficult to build such systems owing to the lack of data imbalance problems and large number of *** solve these issues,we propose a transfer learning-based technique in which we use Efficient-Net,which is pre-trained on ImageNet dataset and fine-tuned on QuT Fish Database,which is a large scale ***,prior to the activation layer,we use Global Average Pooling(GAP)instead of dense layer with the aim of averaging the results of predictions along with having more information compared to the dense *** check the validity of our model,we validate our model on the validation set which achieves satisfactory ***,for the localization task,we propose an architecture that consists of localization aware block,which captures localization information for better prediction and residual connections to handle the over-fitting ***,the residual connections help the layer to combine missing information with the relevant *** addition,we use class weights and Focal Loss(FL)to handle class imbalance problems along with reducing false ***,class weights assign less weights to classes having fewer instances and large weights to classes having more number of *** the localization,the qualitative assessment shows that we achieve 57%Mean Intersection Over Union(IoU)on testing data,and the classification results show 75%precision,70%recall,78%accuracy and 74%F1-Score for 468 fish species.

关键词： Underwater species transfer learning k-nearest neighbors global average pooling efficientnet

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Seed Priming and Foliar Supplementation withβ-aminobutyric Acid Alleviates Drought Stress through Mitigation of Oxidative Stress and Enhancement of Antioxidant Defense in Linseed(Linum usitatissimum L.)

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第11期92卷 3113-3131页

作者： Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir muhammad Ateeq Allah Wasaya Mubshar Hussain naeem Sarwar Khuram Mubeen Mudassir Aziz muhammad Aamir Iqbal Chukwuma COgbaga Ibrahim Al-Ashkar Md Atikur Rahman Ayman El Sabagh Department of Agronomy University of LayyahLayyah31200Pakistan Department of Agronomy Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60000Pakistan State Key Lab of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling712100China Department of Agronomy MNS University of AgricultureMultan60000Pakistan Department of Agronomy Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of Poonch RawalakotRawalakot10250Pakistan Independent Researcher MiddlesbroughNorth YorkshireUK Plant Production Department College of Food and Agriculture SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2460Riyadh11451Saudi Arabia Grassland and Forage Division National Institute of Animal ScienceRural Development AdministrationCheonan31000Korea Department of Field Crops Faculty of AgricultureSiirt UniversitySiirt56100Turkey Department of Agronomy Faculty of AgricultureKafrelsheikh UniversityKafr El-Shaikh33516Egypt

Drought is one of the critical limitations to agricultural soils and crop *** of water is increasing due to climate change that lead to increasing threats to global food ***,ecofriendly and cost effective strategies are highly desirable for mitigating drought stress along with sustainable and smart agricultural *** aim of the study was to mitigate DS using seed priming and exogenous supplementation ofβ-aminobutyric acid(BABA)in linseed(Linum usitatissimum L.).Different doses(0,50,100 and 150μM)of BABA were used for seed priming agent and foliar spraying under three soil moisture levels viz.,25%(SM25),45%(SM45)and 65%(SM65).The response variables of both experiments included different agro-botanical traits and oxidative stress indicators such as melondialdehyde content,free proline accumulation,and antioxidant defense in *** linseed plants showed water stress at SM25 that reduced plant height,number of branches per plant,time taken to flower initiation and heading,and root and shoot dry ***,the number of capsules and seeds per capsule showed a significant decline at SM25,which led to a drastic reduction in 100-seed weight yield in linseed plants in both ***,seed priming and foliar supplementation with of BABA(50–100μM)significantly improved these morpho-agronomical attributes in linseed plants under *** results revealed that the BABA was fully active in linseed plants at ***,the combination of SM25 with BABA significantly improved the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),ascorbate peroxidase(APX),and peroxidase(POD)activity,which significantly enhanced DS tolerance in linseed *** findings might be useful to oil seed breeders and farmers linseed for breeding program in linseed plants as well as sustainable agricultural production of oil seed crop plants.

关键词： Linseed water stress signaling molecule climate change biostimulant ecofriendly approach sustainable agricultural

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