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Genome wide identification and characterization of MAPK genes reveals their potential in enhancing drought and salt stress tolerance in Gossypium hirsutum

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Journal of Cotton Research 2022年第3期5卷 261-273页

作者： SADAU Salisu Bello MEHARI Teame Gereziher AHMAD Adeel TAJO Sani muhammad IBRAHIM Sani IQBAL muhammad shahid ELASAD Mohammed ZHANG Jingjing WEI Hengling YU Shuxun State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology Institute of Cotton ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesAnyangHenan 455000China Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops Ministry of AgricultureOil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430062China Department of Science and Technology Education Bayero University KanoP.O.Box 3011KanoNigeria Agricultural Research Corporation(ARC) P.O.Box 126Wad MedaniSudan.

Background:The cotton crop is universally considered as protein and edible oil source besides the major contributor of natural fiber and is grown in tropical and subtropical regions around the world Unpredicted environmental stresses are becoming significant threats to sustainable cotton production,ultimately leading to a substantial irreversible economic ***-activated protein kinase(MAPK)is generally considered essential for recognizing environmental stresses through phosphorylating downstream signal pathways and plays a vital role in numerous biological ***:We have identified 74 MAPK genes across cotton,41 from ***,19 from ***,whereas 14 have been identified from *** MAPK gene-proteins have been further studied to determine their physicochemical characteristics and other essential *** this perspective,characterization,phylogenetic relationship,chromosomal mapping,gene motif,cis-regulatory element,and subcellular localization were carried *** on phylogenetic analysis,the MAPK family in cotton is usually categorized as A,B,C,D,and E *** to the results of the phylogenic relationship,cotton has more MAPKS genes in Clade A than Clade *** cis-elements identified were classified into five groups(hormone responsiveness,light responsiveness,stress responsiveness,cellular development,and binding site).The prevalence of such elements across the promoter region of these genes signifies their role in the growth and development of *** GHMAPK genes(GH_A07G1527,GH_D02G1138,GH_D03G0121,GH_D03G1517,GH_D05G1003,GH_D11G0040,and GH_D12G2528)were selected,and specific tissue expression and profiling were performed across drought and salt *** expressed that six genes were upregulated under drought treatment except for GH_D11G0040 which is *** all the seven genes have been upregulated at various hours of salt stress ***:RNA sequence and qPCR results showe

关键词： Cotton MAPK gene Drought stress Salt stress

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A Computational Analysis to Burgers Huxley Equation

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第5期67卷 2161-2183页

作者： muhammad Saqib muhammad Shoaib Arif shahid Hasnain Daoud S.Mashat Department of Mathematics Numl UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Mathematics Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Mathematics Air UniversityMultan CampusMultan66000Pakistan Department of Mathematics King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia

The efficiency of solving computationally partial differential equations can be profoundly highlighted by the creation of precise,higher-order compact numerical scheme that results in truly outstanding accuracy at a given *** objective of this article is to develop a highly accurate novel algorithm for two dimensional non-linear Burgers Huxley(BH)*** proposed compact numerical scheme is found to be free of superiors approximate oscillations across discontinuities,and in a smooth ow region,it efciently obtained a high-order *** particular,two classes of higherorder compact nite difference schemes are taken into account and compared based on their computational *** stability and accuracy show that the schemes are unconditionally stable and accurate up to a two-order in time and to six-order in ***,algorithms and data tables illustrate the scheme efciency and decisiveness for solving such non-linear coupled *** is scaled in terms of L_(2) and L_(∞) norms,which validate the approximated results with the corresponding analytical *** investigation of the stability requirements of the implicit method applied in the algorithm was carried *** agreement was constructed under indistinguishable computational *** proposed methods can be implemented for real-world problems,originating in engineering and science.

关键词： Burgers Huxley equation nite difference schemes HOC schemes Thomas algorithm Von-Neumann stability ana

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Analysis and Forecasting COVID-19 Outbreak in Pakistan Using Decomposition and Ensemble Model

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第7期68卷 841-856页

作者： Xiaoli Qiang muhammad Aamir muhammad naeem Shaukat Ali Adnan Aslam Zehui Shao Institute of Computing Science and Technology Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou510006China Department of Statistics Abdul Wali Khan UniversityMardan23200Pakistan Department of English University of MalakandChakdara188800Pakistan Department of Natural Sciences and Humanities University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore54000Pakistan

COVID-19 has caused severe health complications and produced a substantial adverse economic impact around the *** the trend of COVID-19 infections could help in executing policies to effectively reduce the number of new *** this study,we apply the decomposition and ensemble model to forecast COVID-19 confirmed cases,deaths,and recoveries in Pakistan for the upcoming month until the end of *** the decomposition of data,the Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition(EEMD)technique is *** decomposes the data into small components,called Intrinsic Mode Functions(IMFs).For individual IMFs modelling,we use the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average(ARIMA)*** data used in this study is obtained from the official website of Pakistan that is publicly available and designated for COVID-19 outbreak with daily *** analyses reveal that the number of recoveries,new cases,and deaths are increasing in Pakistan *** on the selected EEMD-ARIMA model,the new confirmed cases are expected to rise from 213,470 to 311,454 by 31 July 2020,which is an increase of almost 1.46 times with a 95%prediction interval of 246,529 to 376,*** 95%prediction interval for recovery is 162,414 to 224,579,with an increase of almost two times in total from 100802 to 193495 by 31 July *** the other hand,the deaths are expected to increase from 4395 to 6751,which is almost 1.54 times,with a 95%prediction interval of 5617 to ***,the COVID-19 forecasting results of Pakistan are alarming for the next month until 31 July *** also confirm that the EEMD-ARIMA model is useful for the short-term forecasting of COVID-19,and that it is capable of keeping track of the real COVID-19 data in nearly all *** decomposition and ensemble strategy can be useful to help decision-makers in developing short-term strategies about the current number of disease occurrences until an appropriate vaccine is developed.

关键词： Analysis ARIMA COVID-19 decomposition and ensemble model forecasting

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Telecommunications reforms in Pakistan-lessons and suggestions for China

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China Communications 2007年第2期4卷 106-114页

作者： muhammad Khalil shahid Tang Shou-lian School of Economics and Management Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijingChina

The worldwide strategy for the development of telecommunications has been the opening of the telecom sector to competition and private *** paper focuses on telecommunications reforms and its outcomes in Pakistan and discusses some lessons and suggestions for China who is still in the process of formulating telecom *** liberalization and deregulation,telecom industry in Pakistan is tremendously growing and is in a transition phase from the monopoly to the *** policies and independent regulator is playing critical role in this *** paper suggests that speed up formulation of Telecom Law,establishment of independent regulatory and antitrust agencies are need of time for the China telecom ***,China will have to give special attention to accommodate convergence in its coming model of telecommunications reforms.

关键词： Pakistan China reforms telecommunications regulations competition

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Structure Elucidation and Biological Screening of Bis(4-{[(E)-(2-Hydroxybenzylidene)amino]methyl}-cyclohexane-carboxylato-O)-triaqua-cadmium

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2018年第6期37卷 871-877页

作者： muhammad Danish SABA Akbar muhammad Nawaz Tahir muhammad naeem Ahmed RABIA Ayub Butt muhammad Asam Raza muhammad Ashfaq Department of Chemistry University of Gujrat Department of Physics University of Sargodha Department of Chemistry University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir

Using a bidentate ligand, a Schiff base 4-（{[（Z）-（2-hydroxyphenyl）methyldene]amino}methyl）cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, complex I（ML2, where M = Cd（Ⅱ）） was synthesized and characterized by IR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. It crystallizes in monoclinic system, space group C2/c, M_r = 685.04, 0.34 mm × 0.26 mm × 0.14 mm, a = 54.050（3）, b = 6.1220（3）, c = 9.5081（5） A, β = 90.229（2）°, Z = 4, C_（30） H_（40） CdN_2 O_9 and V = 3146.2（3） A^3. Complex I was screened for its bactericidal activity against four bacterial strains Chromohalobactersalexigens, Chromohalobacterisraelensis, Halomonashalofila and Halomonassalina and fungicidal activity against Aspergillusnigerand Aspergillusflavus. Antimicrobial activity results showed that the synthesized complex displayed good anti-fungal activity against two fungal strains. It was found to be inactive against four different bacterial strains analyzed and was negative for bactericidal effect.

关键词： Schiff base tranexamic acid Cd XRD fungicidal activity bactericidal activity

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Cotton Leaf Curl Virus： Ionic Status of Leaves and Symptom Development

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2006年第5期48卷 558-562页

作者： naeem lqbal muhammad Yasin Ashraf Farrukh Javed muhammad Ashmf Sohail Hameed Department of Botany University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology Faisalabad Pakistan National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Faisalabad Pakistan

In the present study, the relationship between the nutritional status of leaves and the development of symptoms of cotton leaf curl virus （CLCuV） in two cotton （Gossypium hirsutum L.） cuItlvars （I.e. CIM-240 and S-12） was Investigated. The incidence of disease attack was found to be 100% In the S-12 cuItlvar and 16% in the CIM-240 cuItivar. Geminivirus particles in infected leaves were confirmed by transmission electron microscope examination of highly specific geminivirus coat protein antlsera-treated cell sap. The CLCuV Impaired the accumulation of different nutrients in both cuItivars. A marked decrease in the accumulation of Ca^2＋ and K^＋ was observed in infected leaves. However, the disease had no effect on leaf concentrations of Na^＋, N, and P. It was observed that the curling of leaf margins in CLCuV-Infected plants was associated with the leaf Ca^2＋ content; leaf curling was severe in plants with a significant reduction In Ca^2＋ content. Moreover, leaf K＆＋ content was found to be associated with resistance/susceptibility to CLCuV infection.

关键词： geminiviruses Gossypium hirsutum leaf curling nutrient accumulation.

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One-pot Synthesis,Crystal Structures and Antimicrobial Activities of Two New 1,4-Disubstituted 1,2,3-Triazole-4-Carboxylates

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2015年第1期34卷 26-32页

作者： muhammad naeem Ahmed KHAWAJA Ansar Yasin muhammad Nawaz Tahir IFZAN Arshad MURTAZA Madni Department of Chemistry The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir University of Sargodha Department of Physics Department of Chemistry Quaid-i-Azam University

Two new 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles-4-carboxylates were synthesized via click reaction. Compound 1a was synthesized by the interaction of 6-nitro-tetrazolo[1.5-a]-pyridine with ethyl propynoate at room temperature in the presence of Cu（OAc）2 as a catalyst and THF as solvent. Compound 1b was also synthesized by the same manner except that tert-butyl propionate, instead of ethyl propynoate, was used. The compounds were characterized by IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Compound 1a（C10H9N5O4） crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P1 with a = 5.0894（9）, b = 8.9834（13）, c = 13.089（2）？, α= 83.041（7）, β= 80.256（7）, γ=87.296（8）°, V = 585.24（16）？3, Z = 2, Mr = 263.22, crystal size（mm） = 0.37 × 0.20 ×0.18,（I 〉 2σ（I）） = 8557, 2493, 1229, Rint = 0.057. Compound 1b（C12H13N5O4） crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/c with a = 6.8854（5）, b = 21.783（2）, c = 9.3986（8）？,β = 93.239（4）°, V = 1407.4（2）？3, Z = 4, Mr = 291.27, crystal size（mm） = 0.38 × 0.22 × 0.20,（I 〉 2σ（I）） = 11842, 3172, 1866, Rint = 0.047. Antimicrobial assay results showed that the title compounds display excellent activities to different bacterial and fungal strains.

关键词： click reaction triazoles crystal structure antimicrobial activity

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Rice molecular markers and genetic mapping:Current status and prospects

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第9期16卷 1879-1891页

作者： Ghulam Shabir Kashif Aslam Abdul Rehman Khan muhammad shahid Hamid Manzoor Sibgha Noreen Mueen Alam Khan muhammad Baber muhammad Sabar shahid Masood Shah muhammad Arif National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering(NIBGE) Faisalabad 38000Pakistan Biotechnology Program Environmental SciencesCOMSA TS Institute of Information TechnologyAbbottabad 22010Pakistan Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan 60000Pakistan Rice Research Institute Kala Shah Kaku 39020Pakistan Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology Government College UniversityFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Institute of Pure and Applied Biology Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan 60000Pakistan Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur 63100Pakistan National Center for Soybean Improvement Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095P.R.China

Dramatic changes in climatic conditions that supplement the biotic and abiotic stresses pose severe threat to the sustainable rice production and have made it a difficult task for rice molecular breeders to enhance production and productivity under these stress factors. The main focus of rice molecular breeders is to understand the fundamentals of molecular pathways involved in complex agronomic traits to increase the yield. The availability of complete rice genome sequence and recent improvements in rice genomics research has made it possible to detect and map accurately a large number of genes by using linkage to DNA markers. Linkage mapping is an effective approach to identify the genetic markers which are co-segregating with target traits within the family. The ideas of genetic diversity, quantitative trait locus（QTL） mapping, and marker-assisted selection（MAS） are evolving into more efficient concepts of linkage disequilibrium（LD） also called association mapping and genomic selection（GS）, respectively. The use of cost-effective DNA markers derived from the fine mapped position of the genes for important agronomic traits will provide opportunities for breeders to develop high-yielding, stress-resistant, and better quality rice cultivars. Here we focus on the progress of molecular marker technologies, their application in genetic mapping and evolution of association mapping techniques in rice.

关键词： genetic mapping molecular markers maker assisted selection Oryza sativa L quantitative trait loci

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Large Scale Mass Movements Triggered by the Kashmir Earthquake 2005,Pakistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第1期11卷 19-30页

作者： muhammad BASHARAT Joachim ROHN Mirza shahid BAIG muhammad Rustam KHAN Markus SCHLEIER GeoZentrum Nordbayern Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg Institute of Geology University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir

The SPOT image analysis in Muzaffarabad Azad Kashmir,northwest Himalayas,Pakistan reveals that the Kashmir earthquake 2005 triggered a number of coseismic mass movements along the hanging wall block of the Muzaffarabad *** Neelidandi and Langarpura rock falls have been identified as two major reactivated mass movements with an estimated volume of 3.1 × 106m3and 5.76 × 106m3,*** Neelidandi and Langarpura mass movements were initiated during earthquake in the direction of northwest-southeast extension and northeastsouthwest directed thrusting,*** Neelidandi rock fall occurred in sheared cherty dolomites and limestones of the Cambrian Muzaffarabad Formation,whereas the Langarpura rock fall occurred in alternating clays,shales,claystones,siltstones and sandstones of the Miocene Murree *** rock units along the fault are highly fractured and *** geotechnical maps and geological longitudinal profiles show the relationship between the geometrical characteristics and mechanism of these mass *** characteristics were analyzed according to the role of topographic,seismic,geological and tectonic *** steep topography,sheared rocks,lithology,coseismic uplift and strong ground shaking of the hanging wall block along Muzaffarabad Fault facilitated the gravity collapse of these mass movements.

关键词： Coseismic mass movements Himalayas Muzaffarabad Fault Geological and tectonic factors Earthquake Rock fall

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4-((4-Chlorophenylsulfonamido)methyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic Acid： Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Biological Activities

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2017年第8期36卷 1307-1314页

作者： muhammad Danish RABIA Ayub Butt muhammad Nawaz Tahir muhammad Ashfaq SYEDA Tahira Hafeez muhammad naeem Ahmed HALEEMA Qureshi Department of Chemistry University of Gujrat Gujrat 50700 Pakistan Department of Physics University of Sargodha Sargodha Pakistan Department of Chemistry University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Muzaffarabad 13100 Pakistan

In this study, a novel 4-（（4-chlorophenylsulfonamido）methyl）cyclohexanecarboxylic acid（C（14）H（18）ClNO4S） was synthesized by the reaction of tranexamic acid and 4-chlororbenzene sulfonyl chloride in basic medium at room temperature. The molecular structure was determined by FT-IR, NMR, elemental analysis and single-crystal X-ray analysis. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/c with a = 12.3120（11）, b = 16.5987（19）, c = 7.6873（7）？, β = 90.495（6）o, Z = 4 and V = 1570.9（3）？~3, crystal size（mm） = 0.38 × 0.16 × 0.14 and Rint = 0.045. In this compound, the carboxylic acid A（O（1）/C（1）/C（2）） and the sulfonyl B（O（3）/S（1）/O（4）） moieties are of course planar. The molecules are dimerized due to the O–H…O type of H-bonding with the R22（8） ring motifs. The dimmers are interlinked through C–H…O and N–H…O types of H-bonding. The synthesized compound was screened against four bacterial and two fungal strains and inactive against all strains. Antioxidant activity was checked against DPPH. Enzyme inhibition activity was carried out using three different enzymes and the title compound was more potent α-chymotrypsin inhibitor.

关键词： sulfonamide tranexamic acid 4-chlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride XRD biological applications

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