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COVID-19 and comorbidities of hepatic diseases in a global perspective

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第13期27卷 1296-1310页

作者： Aqsa Ahmad Syeda Momna ishtiaq Junaid Ali Khan Rizwan Aslam Sultan Ali muhammad Imran Arshad Institute of Microbiology University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabad 38040PunjabPakistan Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabad 38040PunjabPakistan

The worldwide outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) has challenged the priorities of healthcare system in terms of different clinical management and infection transmission, particularly those related to hepatic-disease comorbidities. Epidemiological data evidenced that COVID-19 patients with altered liver function because of hepatitis infection and cholestasis have an adverse prognosis and experience worse health outcomes. COVID-19-associated liver injury is correlated with various liver diseases following a severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus type 2(SARS-CoV-2) infection that can progress during the treatment of COVID-19 patients with or without pre-existing liver disease. SARS-CoV-2 can induce liver injury in a number of ways including direct cytopathic effect of the virus on cholangiocytes/hepatocytes, immune-mediated damage, hypoxia, and sepsis. Indeed, immediate cytopathogenic effects of SARSCoV-2 via its potential target, the angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 receptor, which is highly expressed in hepatocytes and cholangiocytes, renders the liver as an extra-respiratory organ with increased susceptibility to pathological outcomes. But, underlying COVID-19-linked liver disease pathogenesis with abnormal liver function tests(LFTs) is incompletely understood. Hence, we collated COVID-19-associated liver injuries with increased LFTs at the nexus of pre-existing liver diseases and COVID-19, and defining a plausible pathophysiological triad of COVID-19, hepatocellular damage, and liver disease. This review summarizes recent findings of the exacerbating role of COVID-19 in pre-existing liver disease and vice versa as well as international guidelines of clinical care, management, and treatment recommendations for COVID-19 patients with liver disease.

关键词： Liver disease COVID-19 Pathophysiology Epidemiology Prophylaxis

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Evaluation of the adsorption potential of titanium dioxide nanoparticles for arsenic removal

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第3期21卷 402-408页

作者： NABI Deedar ASLAM Irfan QAZI ishtiaq A Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering National University of Sciences and Technology Rawalpindi 46000 Pakistan

The adsorption potential of titanium dioxide （TiO2） nanoparticles for removing arsenic from drinking water was evaluated. Pure and iron-doped TiO2 particles are synthesized via sol-gel method. The synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles were then immobilized on ordinary sand for adsorption studies. Adsorption isotherms were conducted on the synthesized nanoparticles as well as the sand coated with TiO2 nanoparticles under varying conditions of air and light, namely, the air-sunlight （A-SL）, air-light （AL）, air-dark （AD） and nitrogen-dark （ND）. X-ray diffraction （XRD） analysis showed that the pure and iron-doped TiO2 nanoparticles were in 100% anatase crystalline phase with crystai sizes of 108 and 65 nm, respectively. Adsorption of arsenic on the three adsorbents was non-linear that could be described by the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption models. Iron doping enhanced the adsorption capacity of TiO2 nanoparticles by arresting the grain growth and making it visible light responsive resulting in a higher affinity for arsenic. Similarly, the arsenic removal by adsorption on the sand coated with TiO2 nanoparticles was the highest among the three types of sand used. In all cases, As（V） was adsorbed more compared with As（Ⅲ）. The solution pH appeared to be the most important factor in controlling the amount of arsenic adsorbed.

关键词： arsenic removal titanium dioxide nanoparticles adsorption isotherm immobilization of nanoparticles on sand

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Bio-inspired heuristics hybrid with interior-point method for active noise control systems without identification of secondary path

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2018年第2期19卷 246-259页

作者： muhammad Asif Zahoor RAJA muhammad Saeed ASLAM Naveed ishtiaq CHAUDHARY Wasim Ullah KHAN Department of Electrical Engineering COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyAttock Campus Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences Department of Electronic Engineering International Islamic University

In this study, hybrid computational frameworks are developed for active noise control（ANC） systems using an evolutionary computing technique based on genetic algorithms（GAs） and interior-point method（IPM）, following an integrated approach, GA-IPM. Standard ANC systems are usually implemented with the filtered extended least mean square algorithm for optimization of coefficients for the linear finite-impulse response filter, but are likely to become trapped in local minima（LM）. This issue is addressed with the proposed GA-IPM computing approach which is considerably less prone to the LM problem. Also, there is no requirement to identify a secondary path for the ANC system used in the scheme. The design method is evaluated using an ANC model of a headset with sinusoidal, random, and complex random noise interferences under several scenarios based on linear and nonlinear primary and secondary paths. The accuracy and convergence of the proposed scheme are validated based on the results of statistical analysis of a large number of independent runs of the algorithm.

关键词： Active noise control (ANC) Filtered extended least mean square (FXLMS) Memetic computing Genetic algorithms Interior-point method

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Extraction of DNA suitable for PCR applications from mature leaves of Mangifera indica L.

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2012年第4期13卷 239-243页

作者： muhammad Abubakkar AZMAT Iqrar Ahmad KHAN Hafiza Masooma Naseer CHEEMA ishtiaq Ahmad RAJWANA Ahmad Sattar KHAN Asif Ali KHAN Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology University of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of Agricul-tureFaisalabadPakistan University College of Agriculture Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan Institute of Horticultural Sciences University of AgricultureFais-alabadPakistan

Good quality deoxyribonucleic acid （DNA） is the pre-requisite for its downstream applications. The presence of high concentrations of polysaccharides, polyphenols, proteins, and other secondary metabolites in mango leaves poses problem in getting good quality DNA fit for polymerase chain reaction （PCR） applications. The problem is exacerbated when DNA is extracted from mature mango leaves. A reliable and modified protocol based on the cetyl trimethylammonium bromide （CTAB） method for DNA extraction from mature mango leaves is described here. High concentrations of inert salt were used to remove polysaccharides; Polyvinylpyrrolidone （PVP） and 13-mercaptoethanol were employed to man＇age phenolic compounds. Extended chloroform-isoamyl alcohol treatment followed by RNase treatment yielded 950-1050 pg of good quality DNA, free of protein and RNA. The problems of DNA degradation,contamination, and low yield due to irreversible binding of phenolic compounds and coprecipitation of polysaccharides with DNA were avoided by this method, The DNA isolated by the modified method showed good PCR amplification using simple sequence repeat （SSR） primers, This modified protocol can also be used to extract DNA from other woody plants having similar problems.

关键词： Extraction buffer Mango Polyphenols DNA isolation Simple sequence repeat (SSR) Secondary metabotites

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Splenic injuries secondary to colonoscopy:Rare but serious complication

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2020年第2期12卷 55-67页

作者： Waqas Ullah Mamoon Ur Rashid Asif Mehmood Yousaf Zafar ishtiaq Hussain Deepika Sarvepalli muhammad Khalid Hasan Department of Internal Medicine Abington HospitalAbingtonPA 19001United States Department of Internal Medicine Advent Health HospitalOrlandoFL 32804United States Department of Internal Medicine Geisinger Medical CenterDanvillePA 17822United States Department of Internal Medicine UMKC5100 Rockhill RdKansas CityMO 64110United States Department of Gastroenterology Cleveland ClinicWestonFL 33331United States Department of Gastroenterology Advent Health HospitalOrlandoFL 32804United States

BACKGROUND Colonoscopy is a safe and routine diagnostic and therapeutic procedure for evaluation of large bowel *** common procedure related complications include bleeding and perforation but rarely a splenic *** To investigate the reason for colonoscopy,presentation of patient with spleen injury,types of injury,diagnosis,management and outcomes of patients METHODS A structured search on four databases was done and 45 articles with 68 patients were *** reason for colonoscopy,presentation of patient with spleen injury,types of injury,diagnosis,management and outcomes of patients were identified and analyzed using *** The mean age of the patients was 62.7 years with 64%*** two percent had a complete splenic rupture with colonoscopy while 63%had subcapsular hematoma,spleen laceration and spleen *** most common reason for colonoscopy was screening(46%)followed by diagnostic colonoscopy(28%).Eighty seven percent of patients presented with abdominal *** with spleen rupture mostly required splenectomy(47%),while minor spleen hematomas and lacerations were managed conservatively(38%).Six percent of the patients were managed with proximal splenic artery splenic embolization and 4%were managed with laparoscopic *** overall mortality was 10%while 77%had complete *** reason of colonoscopy against presentation specifically,abdominal pain showed no statistical significance P=*** indication of colonoscopy had no significant impact on incidence of splenic injury(P=0.89).Majority of the patients(47%)were managed with splenectomy while the rest were managed conservatively(P=0.04).This association was moderately strong at a cramer’s V test(0.34).The Fisher exact test showed a higher mortality with spleen rupture(P=0.028).CONCLUSION Spleen rupture due to colonoscopy is a significant concern and is associated with high *** management of the patients can be individualized based on clinical pre

关键词： Colonoscopy Spleen Splenic rupture Systematic review Splenic injuries

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Physicochemical,rheological and antioxidant profiling of yogurt prepared from non-enzymatically and enzymatically hydrolyzed potato powder under refrigeration

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第1期12卷 69-78页

作者： ishtiaq Ahmad Zhouyi Xiong Hanguo Xiong Rana muhammad Aadil Nauman Khalid Allah Bakash Jvaid Lakhoo Zia-ud-din Asad Nawaz Noman Walayat Rao Sanaullah Khan College of Food Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Fisheries Research Institute Wuhan Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430207China National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Schools of Food and Agricultural Sciences University of Management and TechnologyLahore 54000Pakistan College of Food Science and Technology Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China

Evidences show that the storage period greatly affects the quality of *** this study,three types of yogurt:control yogurt(CY),non-hydrolyzed potato powder yogurt(PPY)and enzymatically hydrolyzed potato powder yogurt(EHPPY)were prepared at 42℃ for 5 h and stored for 28 days at 4℃.The yogurts were evaluated for quality characteristics at different storage *** differences in pH values,titratable acidities and viable counts were detected in all three types of yogurt during ***,compared to other yogurts,EHPPY exhibited desirable water holding capacity,throughout the storage *** from this,sensory properties and antioxidant activities(2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl(DPPH)free radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power(FRAP))of EHPPY were also significantly improved during the storage ***,the storage(G’)and loss(G”)modulus of PPY,EHPPY were lower than CY at 4℃ while a hysteresis loop was shown by all yogurts at the temperature range of 4-50℃ indicating higher G’(elasticity)than G”(viscosity).Based on our findings,EHPP could be an important functional ingredient in improving the quality and storage stability of yogurt for its production at an industrial level.

关键词： Storage stability Potato powder Yogurt Rheology Microbiology Antioxidant activity

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The Space-Time CE/SE Method for Solving Reduced Two-Fluid Flow Model

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Communications in Computational Physics 2012年第9期12卷 1070-1095页

作者： Shamsul Qamar Munshoor Ahmed ishtiaq Ali Department of Mathematics COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyPark RoadChak Shahzad IslamabadPakistan Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems Sandtorstr.139106 MagdeburgGermany

The space-time conservation element and solution element(CE/SE)method is proposed for solving a conservative interface-capturing reducedmodel of compressible two-fluid *** flow equations are the bulk equations,combined with mass and energy equations for one of the two *** latter equation contains a source term for accounting the energy *** one and two-dimensional flow models are numerically investigated in this *** CE/SE method is capable to accurately capture the sharp propagating wavefronts of the fluids without excessive numerical diffusion or spurious *** contrast to the existing upwind finite volume schemes,the Riemann solver and reconstruction procedure are not the building block of the suggested *** method differs from the previous techniques because of global and local flux conservation in a space-time domain without resorting to interpolation or *** order to reveal the efficiency and performance of the approach,several numerical test cases are *** validation,the results of the current method are compared with other finite volume schemes.

关键词： Reduced model space-time CE/SE method central schemes conservation laws hyperbolic systems shock solutions

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Removal of heavy metals through adsorption using sand

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2003年第3期15卷 413-416页

作者： M. Ali Awan ishtiaq A. Qazi Imran Khalid Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering (IESE) National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST) Rawalpindi PakistanPakistan Council of Renewable Energy TechnologiesInstitute of Environmental Science and Engineering (IESE) National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST) Rawalpindi Pakistan Islamabad Pakistan

The removal of four heavy metals i.e. Pb, Cr, Cu, and Zn from their aqueous solutions, using ordinary sand as an adsorbent, was studied at 20℃. The amount of metal adsorbed to form monolayer on sand(a_m), obtained from Langmuir isotherm, exhibited the preference of metals for sand in the order Pb>Cr>Cu>Zn. The heavy metal-sand adsorption phenomena can be illustrated on the basis of the interaction between surface functional group of silicates (sand) and the metal ions. It is deduced that sand can be used as a low cost adsorbent for the removal of heavy metal from wastewater (containing low conc. of metals), especially in the developing countries.

关键词： sand heavy metals adsorption

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Numerical simulations of reaction-diffusion equations modeling prey-predator interaction with delay

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2018年第4期11卷 179-195页

作者： ishtiaq Ali Ghulam Rasool Saleh Alrashed Department of Mathematics COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyPark Road Chak Shahzad 44000 Islamabad Pakistan College of Computer Science and Information Technology Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University KSA

To model biological systems one often uses ordinary and partial differential equations. These equations can be quite good at approximating observed behavior, but they suffer from the downfall of containing many parameters, often signifying quantities which cannot be determined experimentally. For the better understanding of complicated phe- nomena, the delay differential equation approach to model such phenomena is becoming more and more essential to capture the rich variety of dynamics observed in natural systems. In this study, we investigated numerically the influence of delay on the dynam- ics of nonlinear reaction-diffusion equations modeling prey-predator interaction using finite difference scheme subject to appropriate initial and boundary conditions. We first consider the prey-predator with Holling type II functional response where the growth of prey is assumed to be logistic in the sense of predator in one-dimensional space. The effect of delay was investigated with the help of simulations and is compared with the model equation without delay. The proposed method is then extended to two-dimensional space.

关键词： Reaction-diffusion equations with delay prey-predator interactions Hollingtype II functional response finite difference scheme.

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Purification and characterization of the kinetic parameters of cellulase produced from wheat straw by Trichoderma viride under SSF and its detergent compatibility

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2011年第3期2卷 149-156页

作者： Hafiz muhammad Nasir Iqbal ishtiaq Ahmed muhammad Anjum Zia muhammad Irfan 不详

This paper reports the purification and characterization of kinetic parameters of cellulase produced from Trichoderma viride under still culture solid state fermentation technique using cheap and an easily available agricultural waste material, wheat straw as growth supported substrate. Trichoderma viride was cultured in fermentation medium of wheat straw under some previously optimized growth conditions and maximum activity of 398±2.43U/mL obtained after stipulated fermentation time period. Cellulase was purified 2.33 fold with specific activity of 105U/mg in comparison to crude enzyme extract using ammonium sulfate precipitation, dialysis and Sephadex-G-100 column chromatography. The enzyme was shown to have a relative low molecular weight of 58kDa by sodium dodecyl sulphate poly-acrylamide gel electrophoresis. The purified enzyme displayed 6.5 and 55oC as an optimum pH and temperature respectively. Using carboxymethyl cellulose as substrate, the enzyme showed maximum activity (Vmax) of 148U/mL with its corresponding KM value of 68μM. Among activators/inhibitors SDS, EDTA, and Hg2+ showed inhibitory effect on purified cellulase whereas, the enzyme activated by Co2+ and Mn2+ at a concentration of 1mM. The purified cellulase was compatible with four local detergent brands with up to 20 days of shelf life at room temperature suggesting its potential as a detergent additive for improved washing therefore, it is concluded that it may be potentially useful for industrial purposes especially for detergent and laundry industry.

关键词： Cellulase Trichoderma viride Purification SDS-PAGE Characterization Detergent Compatibility

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