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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1647-1648页

作者： Sven Marcel Stefan muhammad Rafehi Drug Development and Chemical Biology Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology(LIED)University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-HolsteinLübeckGermany Department of Pathology Section of NeuropathologyTranslational Neurodegeneration Research and Neuropathology LabUniversity of Oslo and Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Institute of Clinical Pharmacology University Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany Department of Medical Education Augsburg University MedicineAugsburgGermany

Introductory comments:The identification and validation of disease-modifying proteins are fundamental aspects in drug ***,the m ultifactority of n eurodegen era tive diseases poses a real challenge for targeted ***,the behavior of individually(over-)expressed to rget proteins in vitro is likely to differ from their actual functional behavior when embedded in cascades and pathways in vivo.

关键词： translation beyond likely

Metabolic complications of psychotropic medications in psychiatric disorders:Emerging role of de novo lipogenesis and therapeutic consideration

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第6期14卷 767-783页

作者： Mohammad M khan Zaw Ali khan Mohsin Ali khan Laboratory of Translational Neurology and Molecular Psychiatry Department of BiotechnologyEra’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospitaland Faculty of ScienceEra UniversityLucknow 226003India Era’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital Era UniversityLucknow 226003India

Although significant advances have been made in understanding the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders(PDs),therapeutic advances have not been very *** psychotropic medications can reduce classical symptoms in patients with PDs,their long-term use has been reported to induce or exaggerate various pre-existing metabolic abnormalities including diabetes,obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).The mechanism(s)underlying these metabolic abnormalities is not clear;however,lipid/fatty acid accumulation due to enhanced de novo lipogenesis(DNL)has been shown to reduce membrane fluidity,increase oxidative stress and inflammation leading to the development of the aforementioned metabolic ***,emerging evidence suggest that DNL dysregulation and fatty acid accumulation could be the major mechanisms associated with the development of obesity,diabetes and NAFLD after long-term treatment with psychotropic medications in patients with *** support of this,several adjunctive drugs comprising of anti-oxidants and antiinflammatory agents,that are used in treating PDs in combination with psychotropic medications,have been shown to reduce insulin resistance and development of *** conclusion,the above evidence suggests that DNL could be a potential pathological factor associated with various metabolic abnormalities,and a new avenue for translational research and therapeutic drug designing in PDs.

关键词： Psychotropic medications Metabolic complications De novo lipogenesis Obesity Diabetes Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Antibody Pattern: Correlation of Age and Gender in ANA and Anti-ds-DNA Prevalence

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2024年第6期8卷 373-381页

作者： Usama Ahmed Hijazi Mallick Amber khan muhammad Zubair Department of Medicine School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen 518060China Dow International Medical College Karachi Pakistan Department of Biosciences Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology(SZABIST)KarachiPakistan Institute of Biological Sciences Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information TechnologyRahim Yar KhanPakistan

The study was designed to find the prevalence of ANA antibodies and anti-dsDNA antibodies in samples tested at AFIP Rawalpindi and their correlation with age and gender and to find positive and negative predictive values of ANA *** this purpose,twelve thousand nine hundred sixty-seven(12,967)patients were analyzed for ANA with four hundred sixty-eight(468)healthy samples tested as control and four thousand seven hundred three(4,703)patients tested for ds-DNA *** data of all samples tested by indirect immunofluorescence(IF)for ANA antibodies and dsDNA antibodies was *** address positive and negative predictive values another control group(autoimmunity not suspected)of serum samples was taken from the healthy *** the first group,age,gender,ANA antibodies and ds-DNA antibodies results(both tests performed by IIF)data was collected from a computer record cell;for the second control group,ANA antibodies were performed by IIF.12,967 and 4,703 samples(Group 1)were tested for ANA antibodies and dsDNA antibodies,respectively,during this period.1,119(9%)and 99(2%)were found positive for ANA antibodies and ds DNA *** these positive samples,850(76%)and 73(74%)were females *** predisposition towards autoimmunity(ANA)was found significant with a P value of(P=0.001).Relation of age was also found significant with anti-ANA antibodies with a P value of(P=0.001).This study shows a negative correlation between age(P=0.025)and gender(P=0.001)with anti-dsDNA which is also *** prevalence was found below the mean age of 38 years(SD±16.635)for ANA antibodies and the mean age of 35 years(SD±15.066)for ds-DNA *** age of ANA antibodies and dsDNA antibodies positive patients ranged from 1 year old to 98 years old and 2 years old to 95 years old *** the second(autoimmunity-free)control group,a total of 468 samples were tested for ANA antibodies and 9(2%)were found ***

关键词： ANA Anti ds-DNA Autoimmunity SLE Immune fluorescence

The Impact of Domain Name Server(DNS)over Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure(HTTPS)on Cyber Security:Limitations,Challenges,and Detection Techniques

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第9期80卷 4513-4542页

作者： muhammad Dawood Shanshan Tu Chuangbai Xiao muhammad Haris Hisham Alasmary muhammad Waqas Sadaqat Ur Rehman Faculty of Information Technology Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China National Center of Robotics and Automation University of Engineering and TechnologyPeshawar25000Pakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computer ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia School of Computing and Engineering Sciences Faculty of Engineering and ScienceUniversity of GreenwichLondonSE109LSUnited Kingdom School of Engineering Edith Cowan UniversityPerthWA 6027Australia School of Computer Science and Engineering University of SalfordManchesterM54BRUnited Kingdom

The DNS over HTTPS(Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure)(DoH)is a new technology that encrypts DNS traffic,enhancing the privacy and security of ***,the adoption of DoH is still facing several research challenges,such as ensuring security,compatibility,standardization,performance,privacy,and increasing user *** significantly impacts network security,including better end-user privacy and security,challenges for network security professionals,increasing usage of encrypted malware communication,and difficulty adapting DNS-based security ***,it is important to understand the impact of DoH on network security and develop newprivacy-preserving techniques to allowthe analysis of DoH traffic without compromising user *** paper provides an in-depth analysis of the effects of DoH on *** discuss various techniques for detecting DoH tunneling and identify essential research challenges that need to be addressed in future security ***,this paper highlights the need for continued research and development to ensure the effectiveness of DoH as a tool for improving privacy and security.

关键词： DNS DNS over HTTPS cybersecurity machine learning

Model Agnostic Meta-Learning(MAML)-Based Ensemble Model for Accurate Detection of Wheat Diseases Using Vision Transformer and Graph Neural Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2795-2811页

作者： Yasir Maqsood Syed muhammad Usman Musaed Alhussein Khursheed Aurangzeb Shehzad Khalid muhammad Zubair Department of Creative Technologies Faculty of Computing and Artificial IntelligenceAir UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 51178Riyadh11543Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering Bahria School of Engineering and Applied SciencesBahria UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Laboratory for Neuro&Psychophysiology KU LeuvenLeuven3000Belgium

Wheat is a critical crop,extensively consumed worldwide,and its production enhancement is essential to meet escalating *** presence of diseases like stem rust,leaf rust,yellow rust,and tan spot significantly diminishes wheat yield,making the early and precise identification of these diseases vital for effective disease *** advancements in deep learning algorithms,researchers have proposed many methods for the automated detection of disease pathogens;however,accurately detectingmultiple disease pathogens simultaneously remains a *** challenge arises due to the scarcity of RGB images for multiple diseases,class imbalance in existing public datasets,and the difficulty in extracting features that discriminate between multiple classes of disease *** this research,a novel method is proposed based on Transfer Generative Adversarial Networks for augmenting existing data,thereby overcoming the problems of class imbalance and data *** study proposes a customized architecture of Vision Transformers(ViT),where the feature vector is obtained by concatenating features extracted from the custom ViT and Graph Neural *** paper also proposes a Model AgnosticMeta Learning(MAML)based ensemble classifier for accurate *** proposedmodel,validated on public datasets for wheat disease pathogen classification,achieved a test accuracy of 99.20%and an F1-score of 97.95%.Compared with existing state-of-the-art methods,this proposed model outperforms in terms of accuracy,F1-score,and the number of disease pathogens *** future,more diseases can be included for detection along with some other modalities like pests and weed.

关键词： Wheat disease detection deep learning vision transformer graph neural network model agnostic meta learning

Can NogoA Be a Suitable Target to Treat Ischemic Stroke?

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第4期40卷 557-560页

作者： Suliman khan Abdul Nasir Medical Research Center The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou540014China

Treating stroke or restoring brain function after stroke remains challenging for clinicians[1,2].Researchers have largely focused on developing neuroprotective strategies and translating these discoveries from rodent experiments to the clinical setting;however,these have been typified by several failures[2].It is known that astrocytes play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke[3,4].They are activated in response to stimuli arising from injury,characterized by drastic changes to their morphology and function-associated gene *** astrocytes exacerbate secondary neurodegeneration(repair of nervous tissue by the generation of new neurons,glial cells,axons,myelin,or synapses)[5]as well as provide neuroprotection during CNS pathologies[6].It is worth noting that myelin-related neurite growth inhibitors induce the suppression of axon regeneration after stroke[7].

关键词： protective NogoA clinical

The Correlation between Nutrition and Transport Mechanism under Abiotic Stress in Plants: A Comprehensive Review

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第6期93卷 1325-1344页

作者： muhammad Saleem Jianhua Zhang muhammad Qasim Rashid Iqbal Li Song Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety The Ministry of Education of ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingYangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009China Microelement Research Center College of Resources and EnvironmentHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture and EnvironmentThe Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan

Variations in the nutrients and water that plants require for metabolism,development,and the maintenance of cellular homeostasis are the main causes of abiotic stress in *** has,however,hardly ever been studied how these transporter proteins,such as aquaporin which is responsible for food and water intake in cell plasma mem-branes,interact with one *** review aims to explore the interactions between nutrient transporters and aquaporins during water and nutrient *** also investigates how symbiotic relationships inﬂuence the plant genome’s responses to regulatory processes such as photoperiodism,senescence,and nitrogenﬁ*** responses are observed in reaction to various abiotic *** instance,plasma membrane transporters are upregulated during macronutrient insufﬁciency,tonoplast transporters are overexpressed,and aquaporins are downregulated in micronutrient deﬁ***,tolerant plants often exhibit increased expression of nutrient transporters and aquaporins in response to drought,salt,and cold *** better comprehend plant stress tolerance to abiotic challenges including starvation,K famine,salt,and freezing temperatures,both classes of nutrient and water transporters should be considered at the same time.

关键词： Nutrients abiotic stress aquaporin transporters

Deep Learning-Based ECG Classification for Arterial Fibrillation Detection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 4805-4824页

作者： muhammad Sohail Irshad Tehreem Masood Arfan Jaffar muhammad Rashid Sheeraz Akram Abeer Aljohani Faculty of Computer Science&Information Technology The Superior UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Intelligent Data Visual Computing Research(IDVCR) Lahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science National University of TechnologyIslamabad45000Pakistan Information Systems Department College of Computer and Information SciencesImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh11432Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Applied CollegeTaibah UniversityMedina42353Saudi Arabia

The application of deep learning techniques in the medical field,specifically for Atrial Fibrillation(AFib)detection through Electrocardiogram(ECG)signals,has witnessed significant *** and timely diagnosis increases the patient’s chances of ***,issues like overfitting and inconsistent accuracy across datasets remain *** a quest to address these challenges,a study presents two prominent deep learning architectures,ResNet-50 and DenseNet-121,to evaluate their effectiveness in AFib *** aim was to create a robust detection mechanism that consistently performs *** such as loss,accuracy,precision,sensitivity,and Area Under the Curve(AUC)were utilized for *** findings revealed that ResNet-50 surpassed DenseNet-121 in all evaluated *** demonstrated lower loss rate 0.0315 and 0.0305 superior accuracy of 98.77%and 98.88%,precision of 98.78%and 98.89%and sensitivity of 98.76%and 98.86%for training and validation,hinting at its advanced capability for AFib *** insights offer a substantial contribution to the existing literature on deep learning applications for AFib detection from ECG *** comparative performance data assists future researchers in selecting suitable deep-learning architectures for AFib ***,the outcomes of this study are anticipated to stimulate the development of more advanced and efficient ECG-based AFib detection methodologies,for more accurate and early detection of AFib,thereby fostering improved patient care and outcomes.

关键词： Convolution neural network atrial fibrillation area under curve ECG false positive rate deep learning classification

Economic and Social Impact Assessment of Chronic Diseases Among the Low-Income Population in Southern Punjab,Pakistan

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Proceedings of Anticancer Research 2024年第4期8卷 67-74页

作者： Mehran khan muhammad Arbab Nasir muhammad Umar Asadullah Faiz Mirza muhammad Abdul Bari Ayesha Saeed Fiza Nazeer khan Saliha Mehboob Malik Akashah Usama Tayyab Bahawalpur College of Pharmacy BMDC Complex63100BahawalpurPunjabPakistan

Introduction:Chronic diseases are becoming more prevalent *** effects of chronic illnesses are disastrous not only for the diagnosed person but also for their entire *** study explores chronic diseases’social and economic impact on low-income *** study aims to determine the economic and social implications of various chronic diseases and the loss of income due to these conditions among low-income individuals in Southern Punjab,***:A sample of 424 patients was selected from different areas of Southern *** were collected using a questionnaire that included questions about economic status,self-reported health status,social status,management strategies,and health insurance,among other ***:The mean monthly income of the respondents was found to be 57,097.6 Pakistani rupee(PKR),and the mean monthly expenses for treatment were 8,256.1 *** loss of income was calculated at 15%.Additionally,62%of patients spent more than 10%of their monthly income on managing their *** 85%of the respondents reported that chronic diseases affected their social ***,80%of patients lacked health ***:Chronic diseases impose significant economic and social burdens on patients and their families in Southern *** reduce the burden of chronic diseases,the government should enhance healthcare services in this region and provide health insurance to low-income families.

关键词： Chronic diseases Low-income families Economic impact Punjab Pakistan

Flow Injection Analysis Technique for Online Preconcentration of Lead Ions in Airborne Particulate Matter Using Imprinted Polymer as the Sorbent

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2024年第2期8卷 180-190页

作者： muhammad Bachri Amran Novita Ambarsari muhammad Ali Zulfikar Asri Indrawati Rusnadi Rusnadi Saipul Hamdi Analytical Chemistry Division Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesInstitut Teknologi BandungBandung 40132Indonesia Research Center for Climate and Atmosphere National Research and Innovation AgencyBandung 40135Indonesia

This work reported a simple and sensitive flow injection analysis(FIA)technique coupled with a Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer(FAAS)for online preconcentration of lead(Ⅱ)ions in the airborne particulate matter samples(PM_(2.5))using ion-imprinted polymers as adsorbent packed in minicolumn.A bulk polymerization method was chosen to synthesize the polymer based on a ternary complex of lead ions with 4-2-pyridilazo resorcinol and 4-vinyl pyridine with methacrylic acid as a functional *** optimum pH for sorption was 6,and other variables for the FIA system were optimized,including breakthrough volume,eluent concentration,and eluent *** optimum conditions were reached with a breakthrough volume of 4.45 mL,calculated as a dynamic retention capacity of 5.20 mg/g of Pb(II)40 mg/L,with a 1.5 mL/min flow *** eluent used for the FIA system was 0.5 mL HNO_(3)of 3 mol/***,precision,and limits of detection of the FIA system were determined before being applied to preconcentration and analysis of lead ions in PM_(2.5)*** precision of the method was determined to be 3.09%by calculating the coefficients of the *** of the method in the concentration range of 50-1000μg/L gave a coefficient correlation of 0.9925,showing a good response,and the limit of detection of the system was 5.11μg/L,better than that of the FAAS *** of the FIA system were evaluated and showed good results with an enrichment factor of more than 20 times higher and a concentration efficiency of 11.65 min^(-1)with a consumptive index of 4.5 *** and analysis of the PM_(2.5)samples in Bandung City showed the concentrations of Pb(II)were 26.67μg/L and 33.3μg/L with the accuracy of the method for each sample of104.75%and 107.86%.

关键词： Flow injection analysis Lead(II)ions Imprinted polymer Particulate matter