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Peat properties of a tropical forest reserve adjacent to a fire-break canal

Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第1期35卷 155-167页

作者： Dayang Nur Sakinah Musa Mohd Zahirasri Mohd Tohir Xinyan Huang Luqman Chuah Abdullah Mohamad Syazaruddin Md Said muhammad firdaus sulaiman Safety Engineering Interest Group(SEIG) Department of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM SerdangSelangorMalaysia International Tropical Forestry Programme Faculty of Tropical ForestryUniversiti Malaysia SabahSabahMalaysia Department of Land Management Faculty of AgricultureUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSelangorMalaysia Research Centre for Fire Safety Engineering Department of Building Environment and Energy EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongPeople’s Republic of China

Tropical peat comprises decomposed dead plant material and acts like a sponge to absorb water,making it fully ***,drought periods dry it readily and increases its vulnerability to *** fires emit greenhouse gases and particles contributing to haze,and prevention by constructing fire-break canals to reduce fire spread into forest reserves is *** paper aims to determine peat physical and chemical properties near a fire-break canal at different fire frequency *** sampling was conducted at two forest reserves in Malaysia which represent low fire frequency and high fire frequency *** results show that peat properties were not affected by the construction of a fire-break canal,however lignin and cellulose content increased significantly from the distance of the canal in both *** study concluded that fire frequency did not significantly influence peat properties except for *** higher fibre content in the high frequency area did not influence moisture content nor the ability to regain ***,fire frequency might contribute differently to changes in physical and chemical properties,hence management efforts to construct fire-break canals and restoration efforts should protect peatlands from further *** findings will benefit future management and planning for forest reserves.

关键词： Peat fire Peat properties Fire-break canals Forest reserves

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The Influence of Depression on Different Age and Gender Groups in Bahawalpur

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2024年第7期8卷 196-207页

作者： Mehran Khan muhammad Shahbaz Tooba Waris Shoaib Yaseen Iqra Afzal Emaan Khadim Sawera Usman muhammad Ismail Shah sulaiman Aslam Zafar Iqbal Bahawalpur College of Pharmacy BMDC Complex63100PunjabPakistan

In Bahawalpur,a cross-sectional study assessed depression prevalence across age and gender groups,involving 442 participants from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds and *** the PHQ9 questionnaire,84%were found to meet depression *** findings revealed a higher incidence in females(88%)than males(79%),with the greatest disparity among young adults,particularly young women,due to factors like academic pressure and financial *** children had the lowest depression rates(68%),possibly due to better *** individuals exhibited more severe depression,likely related to aging and domestic *** study’s findings highlight a significant variation in depression severity across different demographic groups,with an overall higher incidence in *** research underscores the necessity for targeted mental health resources and interventions tailored to the specific needs of each demographic *** also points to the importance of addressing academic and socioeconomic stressors to mitigate depression,particularly among young *** the study provides valuable insights,it relies on self-reported data,which may introduce ***,future research should include clinical assessments to validate these findings and ensure a more accurate representation of depression within the community.

关键词： Influence Depression Different age Gender groups Bahawalpur

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High glucose microenvironment and human mesenchymal stem cell behavior

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第3期16卷 237-244页

作者： muhammad Abdul Mateen Nouralsalhin Alaagib Khawaja Husnain Haider Basic Sciences Sulaiman AlRajhi UniversityAlQaseem 52736Saudi Arabia Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology Sulaiman AlRajhi Medical SchoolAl Bukairiyah 51941Saudi Arabia

High glucose(HG)culture conditions in vitro and persistent exposure to hyperglycemia in diabetes patients are detrimental to stem cells,analogous to any other cell type in our *** interferes with diverse signaling pathways,*** target of rapamycin(mTOR)-phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)-Akt signaling,to impact physiological cellular functions,leading to low cell survival and higher cell apoptosis *** elucidating the underlying mechanism responsible for the apoptosis of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),a recent study has shown that HG culture conditions dysregulate mTORPI3K-Akt signaling in addition to mitochondrial malfunctioning due to defective mitochondrial membrane potential(MtMP)that lowers ATP *** organelle-level dysfunction energy-starves the cells and increases oxidative stress and ultrastructural *** of the mitochondrial electron transport chain produces an altered mitochondrial NAD+/NADH redox state as evidenced by a low NAD+/NADH ratio that primarily contributes to the reduced cell survival in *** previous studies have also reported altered mitochondrial membrane polarity(causing hyperpolarization)and reduced mitochondrial cell mass,leading to perturbed mitochondrial *** hostile microenvironment created by HG exposure creates structural and functional changes in the mitochondria,altering their bioenergetics and reducing their capacity to produce *** are significant data,as MSCs are extensively studied for tissue regeneration and restoring their normal functioning in cell-based ***,MSCs from hyperglycemic donors should be cautiously used in clinical settings for cell-based therapy due to concerns of their poor sur-vival rates and increased rates of post engraftment *** hypergly-cemia alters the bioenergetics of donor MSCs,rectifying the loss of MtMP may be an excellent target for future research to restore the normal functioning of MSCs i

关键词： Adipose tissue Apoptosis Bioenergetics Cell survival Cell therapy Hyperglycemia Mitochondria Mesenchymal stem cells Stem cells

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Mesenchymal stem cells’“garbage bags”at work:Treating radial nerve injury with mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第5期16卷 467-478页

作者： Mazhar Mushtaq Doaa Hussein Zineldeen muhammad Abdul Mateen Khawaja Husnain Haider Department of Basic Sciences Sulaiman AlRajhi UniversityAlbukairiyah 52736AlQaseemSaudi Arabia Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTanta 6632110Egypt

Unlike central nervous system injuries,peripheral nerve injuries(PNIs)are often characterized by more or less successful axonal ***,structural and functional recovery is a senile process involving multifaceted cellular and molecular *** contemporary treatment options are limited,with surgical intervention as the gold-standard method;however,each treatment option has its associated limitations,especially when the injury is severe with a large *** advancements in cell-based therapy and cell-free therapy approaches using stem cell-derived soluble and insoluble components of the cell secretome are fast-emerging therapeutic approaches to treating acute and chronic *** recent pilot study is a leap forward in the field,which is expected to pave the way for more enormous,systematic,and well-designed clinical trials to assess the therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as a bio-drug either alone or as part of a combinatorial approach,in an attempt synergize the best of novel treatment approaches to address the complexity of the neural repair and regeneration.

关键词： Exosome Mesenchymal stem cells Nerve injury Stem cells Secretome Regeneration

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New Data on Coal, Gypsum, Iron and Silica Sand Deposits and Geochemical Exploration (Pakistan): Revision of 25 Years History of Dinosaur Discoveries from Pakistan

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第3期14卷 431-511页

作者： muhammad Sadiq Malkani Geological Survey of Pakistan Muzaffarabad Pakistan

Discoveries of many coal seams at depths by drilling carried by Geological Survey of Pakistan in Sor Range and Harnai Gochina, extended the coal seams at depth which is challenge for mine owners to exploit feasibly. Bed to bed gypsum samplings (and their chemical analyses) of huge gypsum deposits from sulaiman foldbelt is a base for industrialist and also planers to develop cement and gypsum industries to increase export and foreign exchange for the development of area and Pakistan. Low and high grade sedimentary iron deposits, silica sand and uranium host rocks and their extensions in sulaiman and Kirthar foldbelts are presented. Anomalies of a few base metals arise as a result of geochemical exploration carried at part of Loralai District of Balochistan. Theropod dinosaurs were frequent in India, while Poripuchian titanosaurs (Sauropoda, Dinosauria) were frequent in Pakistan. Besides some ichnotaxa, many bone taxa such as 1 titanosauriform, 14 titanosaurian sauropod (including one new titanosaur), and 3 theropod dinosaurs are established from Pakistan. Among these 12 titanosaur species and 3 theropod species are named in about 10 km2 area of Vitakri dome and 2 titanosaur species are named in about a few hundred square meter area of Mari Bohri (Kachi Bohri) which is about 10 km westward from Vitakri dome. Pakistan is a unique country which discoverd 14 diversified titanosaurs in a short area and also in a short period (67 - 66 million years ago/Ma). About 400 bones found from a few meter thick upper part of upper shale horizon of latest Maastrichtian Vitakri Formation which is base for titanosaur taxa. Cranial material is in low fraction (but include significant diverse snouts), caudal vertebrae are prominent, the cervicals, dorsals and sacrals have significant numbers, forelimb and hind limb bones have balanced fraction. Humeri, femora and tibiae are most common. To know the position of Pakistani titanosaurs among titanosaurs and sauropods, there is a n

关键词： Coal Gypsum Ironstone Silica sands Geochemical Exploration Dinosaurs Titanosauriformes Titanosaurs Theropods Revision Balochistan Pakistan

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A Blockchain-Assisted Distributed Edge Intelligence for Privacy-Preserving Vehicular Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第9期76卷 2959-2978页

作者： muhammad firdaus Harashta Tatimma Larasati Kyung-Hyune Rhee Department of Artificial Intelligence Convergence Pukyong National UniversityBusan48513Korea School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Institut Teknologi BandungBandung40132Indonesia College of Information Technology and Convergence Division of Computer Engineering and AIPukyong National UniversityBusan48513Korea

The enormous volume of heterogeneous data fromvarious smart device-based applications has growingly increased a deeply interlaced cyber-physical *** order to deliver smart cloud services that require low latency with strong computational processing capabilities,the Edge Intelligence System(EIS)idea is now being employed,which takes advantage of Artificial Intelligence(AI)and Edge Computing Technology(ECT).Thus,EIS presents a potential approach to enforcing future Intelligent Transportation Systems(ITS),particularly within a context of a Vehicular Network(VNets).However,the current EIS framework meets some issues and is conceivably vulnerable tomultiple adversarial attacks because the central aggregator server handles the entire ***,this paper introduces the concept of distributed edge intelligence,combining the advantages of Federated Learning(FL),Differential Privacy(DP),and blockchain to address the issues raised *** performing decentralized data management and storing transactions in immutable distributed ledger networks,the blockchain-assisted FL method improves user privacy and boosts traffic prediction ***,DP is utilized in defending the user’s private data from various threats and is given the authority to bolster the confidentiality of data-sharing *** model has been deployed in two strategies:First,DP-based FL to strengthen user privacy by masking the intermediate data during model ***,blockchain-based FL to effectively construct secure and decentralized traffic management in vehicular *** simulation results demonstrated that our framework yields several benefits for VNets privacy protection by forming a distributed EIS with privacy budget(ε)of 4.03,1.18,and 0.522,achieving model accuracy of 95.8%,93.78%,and 89.31%,respectively.

关键词： Edge intelligence federated learning differential privacy blockchain vehicular networks

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Photokilling of waterborne-resistant pathogenic bacteria using cobalt-doped zinc oxide doped on reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2022年第4期15卷 1-10页

作者： Ameer muhammad Khan Laiba Pervez Jonathan Celli Mutiullah Khattak Maqdad Ullah ZiaUllah Shah muhammad Mustafa Khan muhammad Nadeem sulaiman Faisal Akhtar Nadhman Department of Biotechnology Institute of Integrative Biosciences CECOS University Hayatabad Phase VI PeshawarPakistan Department of Physics University of Massachusetts BostonMA 02125USA Department of Microbiology Institute of Pathology and Diagnostic Medicine Khyber Medical University Hayatabad PeshawarKPPakistan Department of Pharmacy Institute of Integrative Biosciences CECOS University Hayatabad Phase VIPeshawarPakistan

This study is aimed at the chemical synthesis of light-activated cobalt-doped zinc oxide and its further doping on reduced graphene oxide(RGO)and assessment of its antibacterial activity on antibiotic-resistant waterborne pathogens including Enterococcus faecalis,Staphylococcus aureus,Klebsiella pneumonia,and Pseudomonas *** synthesized nanoparticles were characterized via UV–vis spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS).The minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)of nanoparticles portrayed a significant killing of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative *** synthesized nanoparticles were further found as active killers of bacteria in drinking ***,these nanoparticles were found photothermally active alongside ROS *** photokilling activity makes them ideal replacement candidates for traditional water filters.

关键词： MDR Bacteria graphene oxide doping photokilling ZnO.

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Detection and Classification of Hemorrhages in Retinal Images

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第2期44卷 1601-1616页

作者： Ghassan Ahmed Ali Thamer Mitib Ahmad Al Sariera muhammad Akram Adel sulaiman Fekry Olayah College of Computer Science and Information Systems Najran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Studies in Computer Science University of MysoreMysoreIndia

Damage of the blood vessels in retina due to diabetes is called diabetic retinopathy(DR).Hemorrhages is theﬁrst clinically visible symptoms of *** paper presents a new technique to extract and classify the hemorrhages in fundus *** normal objects such as blood vessels,fovea and optic disc inside retinal images are masked to distinguish them from *** masking blood vessels,thresholding that separates blood vessels and background intensity followed by a newﬁlter to extract the border of vessels based on orienta-tions of vessels are *** masking optic disc,the image is divided into sub-images then the brightest window with maximum variance in intensity is *** the candidate dark regions are extracted based on adaptive thresholding and top-hat morphological *** are extracted from each candidate region based on ophthalmologist selection such as color and size and pattern recognition techniques such as texture and wavelet *** different types of Support Vector Machine(SVM),Linear SVM,Quadratic SVM and Cubic SVM classiﬁer are applied to classify the candidate dark regions as either hemor-rhages or *** efﬁcacy of the proposed method is demonstrated using the standard benchmark DIARETDB1 database and by comparing the results with methods in *** performance of the method is measured based on average sensitivity,speciﬁcity,F-score and *** results show the Linear SVM classiﬁer gives better results than Cubic SVM and Quadratic SVM with respect to sensitivity and accuracy and with respect to speciﬁcity Quadratic SVM gives better result as compared to other SVMs.

关键词： Diabetic retinopathy hemorrhages adaptive thresholding support vector machine

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Offshore Software Maintenance Outsourcing Process Model Validation:A Case Study Approach

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5035-5048页

作者： Atif Ikram Masita Abdul Jalil Amir Bin Ngah Adel sulaiman muhammad Akram Ahmad Salman Khan Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics University Malaysia TerengganuKuala TerengganuMalaysia Department of Computer Science&Information Technology Faculty of Information TechnologyThe University of LahoreLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information SystemsNajran UniversityNajranSaudi Arabia Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Information TechnologyThe University of LahoreLahore54000Pakistan

The successful execution and management of Offshore Software Maintenance Outsourcing(OSMO)can be very beneficial for OSMO vendors and the OSMO *** a lot of research on software outsourcing is going on,most of the existing literature on offshore outsourcing deals with the outsourcing of software development *** frameworks have been developed focusing on guiding software systemmanagers concerning offshore software ***,none of these studies delivered comprehensive guidelines for managing the whole process of *** is a considerable lack of research working on managing OSMO from a vendor’s ***,to find the best practices for managing an OSMO process,it is necessary to further investigate such complex and multifaceted phenomena from the vendor’s *** study validated the preliminary OSMO process model via a case study research *** results showed that the OSMO process model is applicable in an industrial setting with few *** industrial data collected during the case study enabled this paper to extend the preliminary OSMO process *** refined version of the OSMO processmodel has four major phases including(i)Project Assessment,(ii)SLA(iii)Execution,and(iv)Risk.

关键词： Offshore outsourcing process model model validation vendor challenges case study

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A Joint Optimization Algorithm for Renewable Energy System

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第5期36卷 1979-1989页

作者： Imran Khan firdaus muhammad-Sukki Jorge Alfredo Ardila Rey Abdullahi Abubakar Mas’ud Saud Jazaa Alshammari DagØivind Madsen Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyPeshawar814Pakistan School of Engineering&the Built Environment Edinburgh Napier UniversityMerchiston Campus10 Colinton RoadEdinburghEH105DTScotlandUK Department of Electrical Engineering Federico Santa María Technical UniversitySantiago8940000Chile Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Jubail Industrial CollegeP O Box 10099Jubail 31961Saudi Arabia University of South-Eastern Norway Bredalsveien143511HønefossNorway

Energy sustainability is a hot topic in both scientiﬁc and political *** date,two alternative approaches to this issue are being *** peo-ple believe that increasing power consumption is necessary for countries’economic and social progress,while others are more concerned with maintaining carbon consumption under set *** establish a secure,sustainable,and economical energy system while mitigating the consequences of climate change,most governments are currently pushing renewable growth *** mar-kets are meant to provide consumers with dependable electricity at the lowest pos-sible cost.A proﬁt-maximization optimal decision model is created in the electric power market with the combined wind,solar units,loads,and energy storage sys-tems,based on the bidding mechanism in the electricity market and operational *** model utterly considers the technological limits of new energy units and storages,as well as the involvement of new energy and electric vehicles in market bidding through power generation strategy and the output arrangement of the virtual power plant’s coordinated *** accuracy and validity of the optimal decision-making model of combined wind,solar units,loads,and energy storage systems are validated using numerical *** multi-operating scenarios,the effects of renewable energy output changes on joint sys-tem bidding techniques are compared.

关键词： Renewable energy optimizationalgorithm electricity market decision-making

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