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Vegetation-environment relationship in conifer dominating forests of the mountainous range of Indus Kohistan in northern Pakistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第8期17卷 1989-2000页

作者： Adam KHAN Moinuddin AHMED muhammad faheem siddiqi Mohib SHAH Eduardo Soares CALIXTO Afsheen KHAN Paras SHAH Javed IQBAL muhammad AZEEM Department of Botany University of BunerSwari 19290Pakistan Dr.Moinuddin Ahmed Research Laboratory of Dendrochronology and Plant Ecology Department of Botany FederalUrdu University of ArtsScience and Technology Gulshan-e-Iqbal campus KarachiKarachi 75300Pakistan Department of Botany University of Karachi Karachi 75270Pakistan Department of Botany Abdul Wali Khan University MardanMardan 23200Pakistan Department of Entomology University of Sao PauloRibeirao PretoRibeirao Preto 14040-900Brazil Dr.Abdul Ghaffar laboratory of Plant Pathology and Aerobiology Department of BotanyFederal Urdu University ofArtsScience and Technology Gulshan-e-Iqbal campus KarachiKarachi 75300Pakistan

Environmental variables play a crucial role in shaping vegetation structure,mainly in mountainous *** studies have attempted to identify the environment-vegetation relationship of Conifer Dominating Forests(CDF)***,due to differences in local climate and soil composition,different environmental drivers can be *** applying multivariate analysis techniques,this study investigated the vegetation-environment relationship of CDF of Indus Kohistan in northern *** results showed that CDF of Indus Kohistan are distributed in five distinct ecological groups,which are dominated by different trees and understory species.A total of 7 trees and 71 understory species were recorded from the sampling *** deodara was the leading species among four groups,having the highest importance value(IV),density and basal *** I was dominated by Pinus wallichiana with the second highest importance value,density and basal *** addition,elevation,slope,maximum water holding capacity(MWHC),soil moisture(SM),total organic matter(TOM),sodium,phosphorus and nickel showed highly significant influence on composition and distribution pattern of Indus Kohistan ***,this study shows a new evidence of vegetation-environment relationship,pointing out specific drivers of vegetation structure in CDF of Indus Kohistan region in northern Pakistan.

关键词： Conifer forests Understory species Environmental variables Multivariate analysis Indus Kohistan Northern Pakistan

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Deep Learning Based Efficient Crowd Counting System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 4001-4020页

作者： Waleed Khalid Al-Ghanem Emad Ul Haq Qazi muhammad Hamza faheem Syed Shah Amanullah Quadri Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh12372Saudi Arabia Centre of Excellence in Cybercrime and Digital Forensics Naif Arab University for Security SciencesRiyadh14812Saudi Arabia Center of Excellence for Information Assurance(COEIA) King Saud UniversityRiyadh12372Saudi Arabia

Estimation of crowd count is becoming crucial nowadays,as it can help in security surveillance,crowd monitoring,and management for different *** is challenging to determine the approximate crowd size from an image of the crowd’s *** in this research study,we proposed a multi-headed convolutional neural network architecture-based model for crowd counting,where we divided our proposed model into two main components:(i)the convolutional neural network,which extracts the feature across the whole image that is given to it as an input,and(ii)the multi-headed layers,which make it easier to evaluate density maps to estimate the number of people in the input image and determine their number in the *** employed the available public benchmark crowd-counting datasets UCF CC 50 and ShanghaiTech parts A and B for model training and testing to validate the model’s *** analyze the results,we used two metrics Mean Absolute Error(MAE)and Mean Square Error(MSE),and compared the results of the proposed systems with the state-of-art models of crowd *** results show the superiority of the proposed system.

关键词： Crowd counting EfficientNet multi-head attention convolutional neural network transfer learning

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Depression Intensity Classification from Tweets Using Fast Text Based Weighted Soft Voting Ensemble

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 2047-2066页

作者： muhammad Rizwan muhammad faheem Mushtaq Maryam Rafiq Arif Mehmood Isabel de la Torre Diez Monica Gracia Villar Helena Garay Imran Ashraf Department of Artificial Intelligence The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalnagar63100Pakistan Department of Information Technology Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and ITRYKhan64200Pakistan Department of Computer Science&Information Technology The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalnagar63100Pakistan Department of Signal Theory and Communications and Telematic Engineering Unviersity of ValladolidPaseo de Belén 15Valladolid47011Spain Faculty of Social Science and Humanities Universidad Europea del Atlántico Isabel Torres 21Santander39011Spain Department of Project Management Universidad Internacional IberoamericanaCampeche24560México Fundación Universitaria Internacional de Colombia Bogotá111611Colombia Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana AreciboPuerto Rico00613USA Universidade Internacional do Cuanza Cuito46703Angola Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541South Korea

Predicting depression intensity from microblogs and social media posts has numerous benefits and applications,including predicting early psychological disorders and stress in individuals or the general public.A major challenge in predicting depression using social media posts is that the existing studies do not focus on predicting the intensity of depression in social media texts but rather only perform the binary classification of depression and moreover noisy data makes it difficult to predict the true depression in the social media *** study intends to begin by collecting relevant Tweets and generating a corpus of 210000 public tweets using Twitter public application programming interfaces(APIs).A strategy is devised to filter out only depression-related tweets by creating a list of relevant hashtags to reduce noise in the ***,an algorithm is developed to annotate the data into three depression classes:‘Mild,’‘Moderate,’and‘Severe,’based on International Classification of Diseases-10(ICD-10)depression diagnostic *** baseline classifiers are applied to the annotated dataset to get a preliminary idea of classification performance on the *** FastText-based model is applied and fine-tuned with different preprocessing techniques and hyperparameter tuning to produce the tuned model,which significantly increases the depression classification performance to an 84%F1 score and 90%accuracy compared to ***,a FastText-based weighted soft voting ensemble(WSVE)is proposed to boost the model’s performance by combining several other classifiers and assigning weights to individual models according to their individual *** proposed WSVE outperformed all baselines as well as FastText alone,with an F1 of 89%,5%higher than FastText alone,and an accuracy of 93%,3%higher than FastText *** proposed model better captures the contextual features of the relatively small sample class and aids in the detection of

关键词： Depression classification deep learning FastText machine learning

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Reconfigurable intelligent surface-aided wireless communications: An overview

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Intelligent and Converged Networks 2022年第1期3卷 33-63页

作者： muhammad Zain siddiqi Talha Mir Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Electronic Engineering Faculty of ICTBUITEMSQuetta 87300Pakistan

The reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)is an emerging technology,which will hopefully bring a new revolution in wireless *** RIS technology can be deployed in an indoor/outdoor environment to dynamically manipulate the propagation *** RIS consists of a large number of independently controllable passive elements,and these elements are involved in realizing high passive beamforming *** from the conventional active phased antenna array,there is no dedicated radio-frequency(RF)chain installed at the RIS to perform complex signal processing ***,it does not incur additional noise while retransmitting the incident wave,which is substantially a unique feature from the conventional wireless communication *** advantage of its working principle,RIS has been deployed in various practical *** this tutorial,at first we will review the latest advances in RIS,including the application scenarios such as the system and channel model,the information theoretic analysis,the physical realization and design,key signal processing techniques such as precoding and channel estimation,and ***,we discuss interesting future research problems for the RIS-aided communications.

关键词： reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS) wireless communications new paradigm

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Mobile Devices Interface Adaptivity Using Ontologies

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 4767-4784页

作者： muhammad Waseem Iqbal muhammad Raza Naqvi muhammad Adnan Khan faheem Khan T.Whangbo Department of Software Engineering The Superior UniversityLahore53700Pakistan INP-ENIT University of ToulouseTarbes65000France Riphah School of Computing&Innovation Faculty of ComputingRiphah International University Lahore CampusLahore54000Pakistan Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning Lab Department of SoftwareGachon UniversitySeongnam13557Korea Department of Computer Engineering Gachon UniversitySeongnam13557Korea

Currently,many mobile devices provide various interaction styles and modes which create complexity in the usage of *** context offers the information base for the development of Adaptive user interface(AUI)frameworks to overcome the *** this purpose,the ontological modeling has been made for specific context and *** type of philosophy states to the relationship among elements(e.g.,classes,relations,or capacities etc.)with understandable satisfied *** contextmechanisms can be examined and understood by anymachine or computational framework with these formal definitions expressed in Web ontology language(WOL)/Resource description frame work(RDF).The Protégéis used to create taxonomy in which system is framed based on four contexts such as user,device,task and *** competency questions and use-cases are utilized for knowledge obtaining while the information is refined through the instances of concerned parts of context *** consistency of the model has been verified through the reasoning software while SPARQL querying ensured the data availability in the models for defined *** semantic context model is focused to bring in the usage of adaptive *** exploration has finished up with a versatile,scalable and semantically verified context learning *** model can be mapped to individual User interface(UI)display through smart calculations for versatile UIs.

关键词： User context adaptive interfaces human computer interaction

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An efficient method for clonal propagation and in vitro establishment of softwood shoots from epicormic buds of teak(Tectona grandis L.)

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Forestry Studies in China 2009年第2期11卷 105-110页

作者： muhammad AKRAM faheem AFTAB Department of Botany University of the PunjabQ. A. Campus

Softwood shoots were produced from 40 cm long stem segments placed horizontally in flat trays containing sterilized sand under natural light or shade conditions for subsequent rooting and micropropagation studies in teak （Tectona grand＆ L.）. Higher number of shoots （6.17） per log was produced under natural light as compared to shade conditions. Forcing was also better in natural light as compared to shade in terms of shoot length, number of nodes or leaves. For rooting, 2-4 cm long softwood shoots were excised and treated with either indole-3-butyric acid （IBA） or α-naphthyl acetic acid （NAA） at 0, 1000, 2000 or 3000 μmol.L^-1 each or with combinations （1000 ＋ 1000, 2000 ＋ 2000 or 3000 ＋ 3000 μmol.L^-1） and then placed in flat trays containing autoclaved sand at 25 ± 2℃ in 16 h photoperiod at 35 μmol.m^-2.s^-1. After 28 days, softwood cuttings treated with IBA ＋ NAA （3000 ＋ 3000 μmol.L^-1） had highest rooting percentage （89.3%） with 5.5 mean roots. Shoot apex and nodal explants of softwood cuttings were pretreated with 0.1% （w/v） ascorbic acid, boric acid, activated charcoal, citric acid, glutamine or polyvinylpolypyrollidone （PVP） for 24 h to remove phenolic compounds before surface disinfestation. Glutamine （G1） and PVP were equally effective resulting in 60% establishment of shoot apices on MS medium supplemented with 10 μmol.L^-1 6-benzylaminopurine （BAP）＋ 5 μmol.L^-1 NAA. Using shoot apices, highest （42.80） number of multiple shoots with 54.33 mm shoot length were obtained on MS ＋ BAP （8.8 ***.L 1）＋ IBA （2 μmol.L^-1） after 45 days. Shoots were successfully rooted and acclimatized to greenhouse conditions.

关键词： epicormic buds glutamine PVP phenolics Tectona grandis L. tissue culture softwood shoots

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Effect of auxins on axillary and de novo shoot regeneration from in vitro shoot cultures derived from forced epicormic buds of teak (Tectona grandis L.)

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Forestry Studies in China 2012年第3期14卷 180-186页

作者： Akram muhammad Aftab faheem Department of Botany University of the PunjabLahorePunjab 54590Pakistan

Akram muhammad, Aftab faheem＊Abstract In this presentation, we report on de novo and axillary shoot regeneration and rooting of shoots maintained over a long term, from cultures of Tectona grandis L. Shoot-tips of teak shoots forced from epicormic buds were used as the starting material for axenie shoot-culture establishment. Long term maintenance of such axenic shoot cultures was carried out by regular sub-culturing on MS media supplemented with N6-benzyleadenine （BA, 8.8 μmol·L^-1） and indole-3-butyric acid （IBA, 2 μmol·L ^1） for 24 months. Vigorously growing shoot tips （2-3 cm long） were inoculated on the MS basal medium supplemented with different concentrations （0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 or 10 ***-L-~） of either [BA or a-naphthaleneacetic acid （NAA） for rooting. Axillary and de novo shoots were de- veloped from axillary and cut basal ends of shoots, respectively. Shoots growing on auxins were further sub-cultured （every 15 days） and maintained for 45 days. The greatest number of de novo （5.06） as well as axillary shoots （2.85） was observed on the MS medium supplemented with 10 μmol-L^-1 NAA or 8 μmol·L^-1 IBA, respectively, after 45 days. The combinations of both IBA （μmol·L^-1）＋ NAA （μmol·L^-1） were tested at different concentrations （4 ＋ 4, 6 ＋ 6, 8 ＋ 8） supplemented to a half strength MS basal medium with 0.1% activated charcoal for rooting of decapitated and non-decapitated de novo and axillary shoots. Rooting from non-decapitated de novo shoots was highest （93.33%） with a mean number of roots of 4.61 on this medium, supplemented with 6 μmol·L^-1 IBA ＋ 6 gmol.L l NAA, after 36 days of initial culture. Individual auxin, however, was not effective for root induction. Rooted shoots were acclimatized in a green house and after four weeks plantlets were transferred to the field.

关键词： auxins de novo shoots epicormic buds in vitro teak

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D^(2)PAM:Epileptic seizures prediction using adversarial deep dual patch attention mechanism

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2023年第3期8卷 755-769页

作者： Arfat Ahmad Khan Rakesh Kumar Madendran Usharani Thirunavukkarasu muhammad faheem Department of Computer Science College of ComputingKhon Kaen UniversityKhon KaenThailand Department of Computer Science and Engineering Rajalakshmi Engineering CollegeChennaiIndia Department of Biomedical Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences(Deemed to be University)ChennaiIndia School of Technology and Innovations University of VaasaVaasaFinland

Epilepsy is considered as a serious brain disorder in which patients frequently experience *** seizures are defined as the unexpected electrical changes in brain neural activity,which leads to *** researches made an intense effort for predicting the epileptic seizures using brain signal ***,they faced difficulty in obtaining the patients'characteristics because the model's distribution turned to fake predictions,affecting the model's *** addition,the existing prediction models have severe issues,such as overfitting and false positive *** overcome these existing issues,we propose a deep learning approach known as Deep dual‐patch attention mechanism(D^(2)PAM)for classifying the pre‐ictal signals of people with Epilepsy based on the brain *** neural network is integrated with D^(2)PAM,and it lowers the effect of differences between patients to predict *** multi‐network design enhances the trained model's generalisability and stability ***,the proposed model for processing the brain signal is designed to transform the signals into data blocks,which is appropriate for pre‐ictal *** earlier warning of epilepsy with the proposed model obtains the auxiliary *** data of real patients for the experiments provides the improved accuracy by D2PAM approximation compared to the existing *** be more distinctive,the authors have analysed the performance of their work with five patients,and the accuracy comes out to be 95%,97%,99%,99%,and 99%***,the numerical results unveil that the proposed work outperforms the existing models.

关键词： artificial intelligence techniques classification learning(artificial intelligence)

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Ultra-Low Power 1 Volt Small Size 2.4 GHz CMOS RF Transceiver Design for Wireless Sensor Node

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Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology 2018年第4期27卷 584-591页

作者： muhammad Yasir faheem Shun'an Zhong Abid Ali Minhas muhammad Basit Azeem School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing College of Computer and Information Systems Al Yamamah University Department of Mechatronics Engineering University of Engineering and Technology

Ultra-low power transceiver design is proposed for wireless sensor node used in the wireless sensor network（WSN）.Typically,each sensor node contains a transceiver so it is required that both hardware and software designs of WSN node must take care of energy consumption during all modes of operation including active/sleep modes so that the operational life of each node can be increased in order to increase the lifetime of *** current declared size of the wireless sensor node is of millimeter order,excluding the power source and crystal *** have proposed a new 2.4 GHz transceiver that has five blocks namely XO,PLL,PA,LNA and *** proposed transceiver incorporates less number of low-drop outs（LDOs）*** size of the transceiver is reduced by decreasing the area of beneficiary components up to 0.41 mm;of core area in such a way that some functions are optimally distributed among other *** proposed design is smaller in size and consumes less power,<1 mW,compared to other *** operating voltage has also been reduced to 1 *** transceiver is most efficient and will be fruitful for the wireless networks as it has been designed by considering modern requirements.

关键词： low-drop outs(LDOs) transceiver metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor(MOSFET) wireless sensor networks(WSN)

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Vegetation-environment relationships in the forests of Chitral district Hindukush range of Pakistan

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第2期24卷 205-216页

作者： Nasrullah Khan Syed Shahid Shaukat Moinuddin Ahmed muhammad faheem Siddiqui Department of Botany University of Malakand Dept. of Botany University of Karachi Laboratory of Dendrochronology and Plant Ecology Department of Botany Federal Urdu University of Arts Science and Technology

We investigated the composition of plant communities to quantify their relationships with environmental parameters in the Chitral Hindukush range of Pakistan. We sampled tree vegetation using the Point Centered Quarter （PCQ） method while understory vegetation was sampled in 1.5-m circular quadrats. Cedrus deodara is the national symbol of Pakistan and was dominant in the sampled communities. Because environmental variables determine vegetation types, we analyzed and evaluated edaphic and topographic factors. DCA-Ordination showed the major gradient as an amalgam of elevation （p〈0.05） and slope （p〈0.01） as the topographic factors correlated with species distribution. Soil variables were the factors of environmental significance along DCA axes. However, among these factors, Mg2＋ , K ＋ and N2＋ contributed not more than 0.054% 0.20% and 0.073%, respectively, to variation along the first ordination axis. We conclude that the principal reason for weak or no correlation with many edaphic variables was the anthropogenic disturbance of vegetation. The understory vegetation was composed of perennial herbs in most communities and was most dense under the tree canopy. The understory vegetation strongly regulates tree seedling growth and regeneration patterns. We recommend further study of the understory vegetation using permanent plots to aid development of forest regeneration strategies.

关键词： environmental relationship multivariate analysis cluster analysis ordination anthropogenic factors forest, Hindukush range

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