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Crosstalk of liver immune cells and cell death mechanisms in different murine models of liver injury and its clinical relevance

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2017年第3期16卷 245-256页

作者： Hilal ahmad Khan muhammad zishan ahmad Junaid Ali Khan muhammad Imran Arshad Institute of Microbiology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Institute of Pharmacy Physiology and Pharmacology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Department of Pathology The University of Faisalabad (TUF) Faisalabad Pakistan

BACKGROUND： Liver inflammation or hepatitis is a result of pluripotent interactions of cell death molecules, cytokines, chemokines and the resident immune cells collectively called as microenvironment. The interplay of these inflammatory mediators and switching of immune responses during hepatotoxic, viral, drug-induced and immune cell-mediated hepatitis decide the fate of liver pathology. The present review aimed to describe the mechanisms of liver injury, its relevance to human liver pathology and insights for the future therapeutic *** SOURCES： The data of mouse hepatic models and rele- vant human liver diseases presented in this review are system- atically collected from PubMed, ScienceDirect and the Web of Science databases published in English. RESULTS： The hepatotoxic liver injury in mice induced by the metabolites of CC14, acetaminophen or alcohol represent ne- crotic cell death with activation of cytochrome pathway, for- mation of reactive oxygen species （ROS） and mitochondrial damage. The Fas or TNF-a induced apoptotic liver injury was dependent on activation of caspases, release of cytochrome c and apoptosome formation. The ConA-hepatitis demonstrat- ed the involvement of TRAIL-dependent necrotic/necroptotic cell death with activation of RIPK1/3. The a-GalCer-induced liver injury was mediated by TNF-a. The LPS-induced hepatitis involved TNF-a, Fas/FasL, and perforin/granzyme cell death pathways. The MHV3 or Poly（I：C） induced liver injury was mediated by natural killer cells and TNF-a signaling. The necrotic ischemia-reperfusion liver injury was mediated by hypoxia, ROS, and pro-inflammatory cytokines; however, necroptotic cell death was found in partial hepatectomy. The crucial role of immune ceils and cell death mediators in viral hepatitis （HBV, HCV）, drug-induced liver injury, non-alcohol- ic fatty liver disease and alcoholic liver disease in human were discussed. CONCLUSIONS： The mouse animal models of hepatitis provide a parallel appro

关键词： liver immunobiology hepatitis therapy mode of cell death

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Secure Channel Estimation Using Norm Estimation Model for 5G Next Generation Wireless Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 1151-1169页

作者： Khalil Ullah Song Jian muhammad Naeem Ul Hassan Suliman Khan Mohammad Babar Arshad ahmad Shafiq ahmad Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650500China Department of Computer Science Abbottabad University of Science and TechnologyHavelianAbbottabad22500Pakistan Department of Computing and Electronics Engineering Middle East CollegeMuscat124Oman Department of CS&IT Pak-Austria Fachhochschule Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology MangHaripur22621Pakistan Industrial Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11421Saudi Arabia

The emergence of next generation networks(NextG),including 5G and beyond,is reshaping the technological landscape of cellular and mobile *** networks are sufficiently scaled to interconnect billions of users and *** in academia and industry are focusing on technological advancements to achieve highspeed transmission,cell planning,and latency reduction to facilitate emerging applications such as virtual reality,the metaverse,smart cities,smart health,and autonomous *** continuously improves its network functionality to support these *** input multiple output(MIMO)technology offers spectral efficiency,dependability,and overall performance in *** article proposes a secure channel estimation technique in MIMO topology using a norm-estimation model to provide comprehensive insights into protecting NextG network components against adversarial *** technique aims to create long-lasting and secure NextG networks using this extended *** viability of MIMO applications and modern AI-driven methodologies to combat cybersecurity threats are explored in this ***,the proposed model demonstrates high performance in terms of reliability and accuracy,with a 20%reduction in the MalOut-RealOut-Diff metric compared to existing state-of-the-art techniques.

关键词： Next generation networks massive mimo communication network artificial intelligence 5G adversarial attacks channel estimation information security

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Emerging insights into the function of very long chain fatty acids at cerebellar synapses

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1709-1710页

作者： Martin-Paul Agbaga Mohiuddin ahmad Department of Cell Biology and Ophthalmology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Centerand Dean McGee Eye InstituteOklahoma CityOKUSA

Very long chain-saturated and-polyunsaturated fatty acids(VLC-SFA and VLC-PUFA, respectively) are a functionally important class of fatty acids containing 28 carbons or more in their acyl chain. They are synthesized by the elongation of very long fatty acids-4(ELOVL4) enzyme, expressed mainly in the brain, retina, skin, testes, and meibomian gland, where these fatty acids are found(Agbaga et al., 2008). Further, these organs exhibit tissuespecific VLC-PUFA and VLC-SFA biosynthesis and incorporation into complex lipids for specific functions. In the brain, skin, and Meibomian glands, the ELOVL4 mainly makes VLC-SFA, which are incorporated into complex sphingolipids. In the retina, the ELOVL4 makes VLC-PUFA that are incorporated into phosphatidylcholine, that are critical for visual function, while in testes and sperm, the VLC-PUFA are incorporated into sphingolipids that are critical for fertility(Yeboah et al., 2021).

关键词： functions function insight

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IDSSCNN-XgBoost:Improved Dual-Stream Shallow Convolutional Neural Network Based on Extreme Gradient Boosting Algorithm for Micro Expression Recognition

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 729-749页

作者： Adnan ahmad Zhao Li Irfan Tariq Zhengran He School of Information Science and Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing210016China

Micro-expressions(ME)recognition is a complex task that requires advanced techniques to extract informative features fromfacial *** deep neural networks(DNNs)with convolutional structures have been ***,unlike DNNs,shallow convolutional neural networks often outperform deeper models in mitigating overfitting,particularly with small ***,many of these methods rely on a single feature for recognition,resulting in an insufficient ability to extract highly effective *** address this limitation,in this paper,an Improved Dual-stream Shallow Convolutional Neural Network based on an Extreme Gradient Boosting Algorithm(IDSSCNN-XgBoost)is introduced for ME *** proposed method utilizes a dual-stream architecture where motion vectors(temporal features)are extracted using Optical Flow TV-L1 and amplify subtle changes(spatial features)via EulerianVideoMagnification(EVM).These features are processed by IDSSCNN,with an attention mechanism applied to refine the extracted effective *** outputs are then fused,concatenated,and classified using the XgBoost *** comprehensive approach significantly improves recognition accuracy by leveraging the strengths of both temporal and spatial information,supported by the robust classification power of *** proposed method is evaluated on three publicly available ME databases named Chinese Academy of Sciences Micro-expression Database(CASMEII),Spontaneous Micro-Expression Database(SMICHS),and Spontaneous Actions and Micro-Movements(SAMM).Experimental results indicate that the proposed model can achieve outstanding results compared to recent *** accuracy results are 79.01%,69.22%,and 68.99%on CASMEII,SMIC-HS,and SAMM,and the F1-score are 75.47%,68.91%,and 63.84%,*** proposed method has the advantage of operational efficiency and less computational time.

关键词： ME recognition dual stream shallow convolutional neural network euler video magnification TV-L1 XgBoost

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A Latency-Aware and Fault-Tolerant Framework for Resource Scheduling and Data Management in Fog-Enabled Smart City Transportation Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 1377-1399页

作者： Ibrar Afzal Noor ul Amin Zulfiqar ahmad Abdulmohsen Algarni Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Hazara UniversityMansehra21300Pakistan Department of Computer Science King Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia

Thedeployment of the Internet of Things(IoT)with smart sensors has facilitated the emergence of fog computing as an important technology for delivering services to smart environments such as campuses,smart cities,and smart transportation *** computing tackles a range of challenges,including processing,storage,bandwidth,latency,and reliability,by locally distributing secure information through end *** of endpoints,fog nodes,and back-end cloud infrastructure,it provides advanced capabilities beyond traditional cloud *** smart environments,particularly within smart city transportation systems,the abundance of devices and nodes poses significant challenges related to power consumption and system *** address the challenges of latency,energy consumption,and fault tolerance in these environments,this paper proposes a latency-aware,faulttolerant framework for resource scheduling and data management,referred to as the FORD framework,for smart cities in fog *** framework is designed to meet the demands of time-sensitive applications,such as those in smart transportation *** FORD framework incorporates latency-aware resource scheduling to optimize task execution in smart city environments,leveraging resources from both fog and cloud *** simulation-based executions,tasks are allocated to the nearest available nodes with minimum *** the event of execution failure,a fault-tolerantmechanism is employed to ensure the successful completion of *** successful execution,data is efficiently stored in the cloud data center,ensuring data integrity and reliability within the smart city ecosystem.

关键词： Fog computing smart cities smart transportation data management fault tolerance resource scheduling

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Review of Techniques for Integrating Security in Software Development Lifecycle

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 139-172页

作者： Hassan Saeed Imran Shafi Jamil ahmad Adnan Ahmed Khan Tahir Khurshaid Imran Ashraf College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)Rawalpindi46604Pakistan Department of Computer Science Abasyn University Islamabad CampusIslamabad45510Pakistan Military College of Signals National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)Rawalpindi46600Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Republic of Korea Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Republic of Korea

Software-related security aspects are a growing and legitimate concern,especially with 5G data available just at our *** conduct research in this field,periodic comparative analysis is needed with the new techniques coming up *** purpose of this study is to review the recent developments in the field of security integration in the software development lifecycle(SDLC)by analyzing the articles published in the last two decades and to propose a way *** review follows Kitchenham’s review *** review has been divided into three main stages including planning,execution,and *** the selected 100 articles,it becomes evident that need of a collaborative approach is necessary for addressing critical software security risks(CSSRs)through effective risk management/estimation *** risks using a numeric scale enables a comprehensive understanding of their severity,facilitating focused resource allocation and mitigation *** a comprehensive understanding of potential vulnerabilities and proactive mitigation efforts facilitated by protection poker,organizations can prioritize resources effectively to ensure the successful outcome of projects and initiatives in today’s dynamic threat *** review reveals that threat analysis and security testing are needed to develop automated tools for the *** estimation of effort required to prioritize potential security risks is a big challenge in software *** accuracy of effort estimation can be further improved by exploring new techniques,particularly those involving deep *** is also imperative to validate these effort estimation methods to ensure all potential security threats are *** challenge is selecting the right model for each specific security *** achieve a comprehensive evaluation,researchers should use well-known benchmark checklists.

关键词： Software development lifecycle systematic literature review critical software security risks national institute of standards and technology DevSecOps open web application security project McGraw’s touch points

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Order selection in fractional Fourier transform based beamforming

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2010年第3期21卷 361-369页

作者： muhammad Ishtiaq ahmad School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of Technology

Traditionally,beamforming using fractional Fourier transform（FrFT） involves a trial-and-error based FrFT order selection which is impractical.A new numerical order selection scheme is presented based on fractional power spectra（FrFT moment） of the linear chirp *** method can adaptively determine the optimum FrFT order by maximizing the second-order central FrFT *** makes the desired chirp signal substantially concentrated whereas the noise is rejected *** improves the mean square error minimization beamformer by reducing effectively the signal-noise cross terms due to the finite data length de-correlation *** results show that the new method works well under a wide range of signal to noise ratio and signal to interference ratio.

关键词： adaptive beamforming fractional Fourier transform (FrFT) fractional moments chirp signal.

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Thermospheric neutral wind studies over the equatorial region:A review

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2025年第1期9卷 81-100页

作者： Siti Syazwani Nasuha Idahwati Sarudin Nurul Shazana Abdul Hamid ahmad Fairuz Omar School of Physics Universiti Sains Malaysia11800 USMPulau PinangMalaysia Department of Applied Physics Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 UKM BangiSelangorMalaysia Space Science Centre(ANGKASA) Institute of Climate ChangesUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 UKM BangiSelangorMalaysia

Thermospheric neutral winds(TNWs)refer to the neutral gases in the thermosphere circulating as tides,which play a crucial role in the dynamics of the thermosphere-ionosphere system(TIS).Global geospace neutral winds,particularly over the magnetic equator,have been a subject of study for several ***,despite the known importance of neutral winds,a comprehensive understanding and characterization of the winds is still *** ground-based and satellite missions have provided valuable information on the contribution of neutral winds to the global atmospheric ***,efforts in the global monitoring of neutral winds are still lacking,and the drivers behind the behavior of TNWs as well as their influence on the TIS remain *** address these knowledge gaps in the global circulation of TNWs,it is crucial to develop a deep understanding of the neutral wind characteristics over different *** low-latitude equatorial region in particular has been observed to exert complex influences on TNWs because of the unique effects of the Earth’s magnetic field at the dip *** neutral winds over this region will provide valuable insights into the unique dynamics and processes that occur in this region,thereby enhancing our understanding of their role in the overall dynamics of the ***,through empirical observations,an improved ability to accurately model and predict the behavior of this region can be *** review article addresses challenges in understanding equatorial winds by reviewing historical measurements,current missions,and the interactions of ionospheric and thermospheric phenomena,emphasizing the need for comprehensive measurements to improve global atmospheric dynamics and weather forecasting.

关键词： thermospheric neutral wind thermosphere-ionosphere system dip equator equatorial region

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Transmit Power Optimization for Relay-Aided Multi-Carrier D2D Communication

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2018年第1期23卷 65-74页

作者： muhammad Waqas Guftaar ahmad Sardar Sidhu Tayyaba Jabeen muhammad Afaq ahmad muhammad Awais Javed Department of Electrical Engineering COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT) Islamabad 44000 Pakistan Transmission Department Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited (PTCL) Islamabad 44000 Pakistan

In this paper, we consider the power optimization problem in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing （OFDM）-based relay-enhanced device-to-device （D2D） communication. In a single cell transmission scenario, dual- hop communication is assumed in which each D2D user re-uses the spectrum of just one Cellular User （CU）. In this work, we formulate a joint optimization scheme under a Decode-and-Forward （DF） relaying protocol to maximize the sum throughput of D2D and cellular networks via power allocation over different sub-carriers. The problem is thus transformed into a standard convex optimization, subject to individual power constraints at different transmitting nodes. We exploit the duality theory to decompose the problem into several sub-problems and use Karush-Kuhn- Tucker （KKT） conditions to solve each sub-problem. We provide simulation results to validate the performance of our proposed scheme.

关键词： device-to-device communication Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) Decode-and-Forward (DF) relay transmission power optimization

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Influence of accelerated curing on the compressive strength of polymer-modified concrete

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2022年第5期16卷 589-599页

作者： Izhar ahmad Kashif Ali KHAN Tahir ahmad muhammad ALAM muhammad Tariq BASHIR College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Department of Civil Engineering Muslim Youth UniversityIslamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Civil Engineering CECOS University of IT&Emerging SciencesPeshawar 25000Pakistan Department of Civil Engineering University of Engineering&TechnologyMardan 23200Pakistan

In recent building practice,rapid construction is one of the principal ***,in designing concrete structures,compressive strength is the most significant of all *** 3-d and 7-d compressive strength reflects the strengths at early phases,the ultimate strength is *** effort has been made in this study to develop mathematical models for predicting compressive strength of concrete incorporating ethylene vinyl acetate(EVA)at the later ***-Smirnov(KS)goodness-of-fit test was used to examine distribution of the *** compressive strength of EVA-modified concrete was studied by incorporating various concentrations of EVA as an admixture and by testing at ages of 28,56,90,120,210,and 365 *** accelerated compressive strength at 3.5 hours was considered as a reference strength on the basis of which all the specified strengths were predicted by means of linear regression *** on the results of KS goodness-of-fit test,it was concluded that KS test statistics value(D)in each case was lower than the critical value 0.521 for a significance level of 0.05,which demonstrated that the data was normally *** on the results of compressive strength test,it was concluded that the strength of EVA-modified specimens increased at all ages and the optimum dosage of EVA was achieved at 16%***,it was concluded that predicted compressive strength values lies within a 6%difference from the actual strength values for all the mixes,which indicates the practicability of the regression *** research work may help in understanding the role of EVA as a viable material in polymer-based cement composites.

关键词： compressive strength prediction polymer-modified concrete linear regression fit early age strength ethylene vinyl acetate

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