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Characterization of 3D microstructure,thermal conductivity,and heat flow of cement-based foam using imaging technique

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2021年第3期15卷 643-651页

作者： Farnaz BATOOL muhammad Saad khan Vivek BINDIGANAVILE Department of Civil Engineering NED University of Engineering&TechnologyKarachi75270Pakistan Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonT6G2R3Canada

This study presents the results of the 3D microstructure,thermal conductivity,and heat flow in cement-based foams and examines their changes with a range of *** were captured using X-ray micro computed tomography(micro-CT)imaging technique on cement-based foam samples prepared with densities of 400,600,and 800 kg/m^(3).These images were later simulated and quantified using 3D data visualization and analysis *** on the analysis,the pore volume of 11000µm^(3)was determined across the three densities,leading to optimal ***,distinct pore diameters of 15µm for 800 kg/m^(3),and 20µm for 600 and 400 kg/m^(3)were found to be *** of the pores were spherical,with only 10%appearing elongated or *** addition,a difference of 15%was observed between the 2D and 3D porosity ***,a difference of 5%was noticed between the experimentally measured thermal conductivity and the numerically predicted value and this variation was constant across the three cast *** 3D model showed that heat flows through the cement paste solids and with an increase in porosity this flow reduces.

关键词： 3D pore volume distribution X-ray tomography 3D shape factor heat flow

Infrastructure of Sustainable Energy Development in Pakistan:A Review

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2020年第2期8卷 206-218页

作者： Sidra Kanwal Bilal khan muhammad Qasim Rauf the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering COMSATS University IslamabadAbbottabad Campus 22010Pakistan the Department of Electrical Engineering Capital University of Science and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan

Pakistan is an energy-resourceful country with vast and untapped renewable energy sources(RESs).The wind,solar,and biomass of the country are practically capable of ending a power sector collapse caused by demand-supply variances.A significant percentage of Pakistan’s population resides in rural *** rural population,the lack of connection to the mainstream of national development is a direct consequence of frequent power blackouts and,in certain cases,a lack of grid connection *** features of smart grid are not fully incorporated into the power network yet,but policy-makers are paying attention to increase RES reliance.A comprehensive study describing the renewable energy potential of Pakistan is of *** research work attempts to present a collective summary of Pakistan’s renewable energy potential.A statistical analysis of the proposed and installed projects in various districts are *** paper elaborates the pressing needs of renewable energy integration for resolving Pakistan’s energy *** energy projects are acclaimed in this paper for affording higher living standards and better job opportunities than the fossil fuel based industry in *** RESs into the national portfolio is guaranteed to offer profound socio-economic benefits to Pakistan’s rural population.

关键词： Biomass energy geothermal energy renewable energy source(RES) solar energy smart grid wind energy

Presentation delay in breast cancer patients and its association with sociodemographic factors in North Pakistan

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2015年第3期27卷 288-293页

作者： muhammad Aleem khan Sheharyar Hanif Sundas Iqbal muhammad Faheem Shahzad Sehrish Shafique muhammad Taha khan Department of Nuclear Medicine Nuclear MedicineOncology and Radiotherapy Institute Department of Medicine Ziauddin Medical University Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology Department of Physiology Rawal Institute of Health Sciences Nuffield Brentwood Hospital

Background： There is strong evidence that delayed diagnosis of breast cancer is associated with poor survival. The objectives were to determine the frequency of breast cancer patients with delayed presentation, the reasons of delay and its association with different socio-demographic variables in our ***： We interviewed 315 histologically confirmed breast cancer patients. Delay was defined as more than 3 months from appearance of symptoms to the consultation from doctor. Questions were asked from each patient which could reflect their understanding about the disease and which could be the likely reasons for their delayed ***： A total of 39.01%（n=123） of patients presented late and out of those, 40.7% wasted time using alternative medicines; 25.2% were not having enough resources; 17.1% presented late due to painless lump; 10.6% felt shyness and 6.5% presented late due to other reasons. Higher age, negative family history, 〈8 school years of education and low to middle socio-economic status were significantly associated with delayed presentation（P〈0.05）. Education and socioeconomic status were two independent variables related to the delayed presentation after adjustment for others [odds ratios（OR） of 2.26, 2.29 and 95% confidence intervals（CI） was 1.25-4.10, 1.06-4.94 respectively].Conclusions： Significant percentage of women with breast cancer in North Pakistan is experiencing presentation delay due to their misconceptions about the disease. Coordinated efforts with public health department are needed to educate the focused groups and mitigating the barriers identified in the study. Long term impact will be reduced overall burden of the disease in the region.

关键词： Breast cancer delayed diagnosis survival

Crosstalk of liver immune cells and cell death mechanisms in different murine models of liver injury and its clinical relevance

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2017年第3期16卷 245-256页

作者： Hilal Ahmad khan muhammad Zishan Ahmad Junaid Ali khan muhammad Imran Arshad Institute of Microbiology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Institute of Pharmacy Physiology and Pharmacology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Department of Pathology The University of Faisalabad (TUF) Faisalabad Pakistan

BACKGROUND： Liver inflammation or hepatitis is a result of pluripotent interactions of cell death molecules, cytokines, chemokines and the resident immune cells collectively called as microenvironment. The interplay of these inflammatory mediators and switching of immune responses during hepatotoxic, viral, drug-induced and immune cell-mediated hepatitis decide the fate of liver pathology. The present review aimed to describe the mechanisms of liver injury, its relevance to human liver pathology and insights for the future therapeutic *** SOURCES： The data of mouse hepatic models and rele- vant human liver diseases presented in this review are system- atically collected from PubMed, ScienceDirect and the Web of Science databases published in English. RESULTS： The hepatotoxic liver injury in mice induced by the metabolites of CC14, acetaminophen or alcohol represent ne- crotic cell death with activation of cytochrome pathway, for- mation of reactive oxygen species （ROS） and mitochondrial damage. The Fas or TNF-a induced apoptotic liver injury was dependent on activation of caspases, release of cytochrome c and apoptosome formation. The ConA-hepatitis demonstrat- ed the involvement of TRAIL-dependent necrotic/necroptotic cell death with activation of RIPK1/3. The a-GalCer-induced liver injury was mediated by TNF-a. The LPS-induced hepatitis involved TNF-a, Fas/FasL, and perforin/granzyme cell death pathways. The MHV3 or Poly（I：C） induced liver injury was mediated by natural killer cells and TNF-a signaling. The necrotic ischemia-reperfusion liver injury was mediated by hypoxia, ROS, and pro-inflammatory cytokines; however, necroptotic cell death was found in partial hepatectomy. The crucial role of immune ceils and cell death mediators in viral hepatitis （HBV, HCV）, drug-induced liver injury, non-alcohol- ic fatty liver disease and alcoholic liver disease in human were discussed. CONCLUSIONS： The mouse animal models of hepatitis provide a parallel appro

关键词： liver immunobiology hepatitis therapy mode of cell death

Modeling and scientific computing for the transmission dynamics of Avian influenza with half-saturated incidence

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2020年第4期11卷 1-31页

作者： muhammad Altaf khan Saif Ullah Yasir khan muhammad Farhan Informetrics Research Group Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam Faculty of Mathematics and Statistics Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam Department of Mathematics University of PeshawarPakistan Department of Mathematics University of Hafr Al-Batin Hafr Al-Batin 31991Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan 23200Pakistan

This paper presents the mathematical analysis of the dynamical system for avian *** proposed model considers a nonlinear dynamical model of birds and *** half-saturated incidence rate is used for the transmission of avian influenza *** mathematical results are presented for the proposed *** local and global dynamics of each model are presented and proven that when R01,then the endemic equilibrium is stable both locally and *** numerical results obtained for the proposed model shows that influenza could be eliminated from the community if the threshold is not greater than unity.

关键词： Avian influenza half-saturated incidence rate scientific computing stability analysis numerical results.

Importance of Features Selection,Attributes Selection,Challenges and Future Directions for Medical Imaging Data:A Review

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2020年第10期125卷 315-344页

作者： Nazish Naheed muhammad Shaheen Sajid Ali khan Mohammed Alawairdhi muhammad Attique khan Faculty of Engineering&Information Technology Foundation University IslamabadIslamabadPakistan College of Computing and Informatics Saudi Electronic UniversityRayadhSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science HITEC UniversityTaxilaPakistan

In the area of pattern recognition and machine learning,features play a key role in *** famous applications of features are medical imaging,image classification,and name a few *** the exponential growth of information investments in medical data repositories and health service provision,medical institutions are collecting large volumes of *** data repositories contain details information essential to support medical diagnostic decisions and also improve patient care *** the other hand,this growth also made it difficult to comprehend and utilize data for various *** results of imaging data can become biased because of extraneous features present in larger *** selection gives a chance to decrease the number of components in such large *** selection techniques,ousting the unimportant features and selecting a subset of components that produces prevalent characterization *** correct decision to find a good attribute produces a precise grouping model,which enhances learning pace and forecast *** paper presents a review of feature selection techniques and attributes selection measures for medical *** review is meant to describe feature selection techniques in a medical domainwith their pros and cons and to signify its application in imaging data and data mining *** review reveals the shortcomings of the existing feature and attributes selection techniques to multi-sourced ***,this review provides the importance of feature selection for correct classification of medical *** the end,critical analysis and future directions are provided.

关键词： Medical imaging imaging data feature selection data mining attribute selection medical challenges future directions

Outage Probability Analysis of Free Space Communication System Using Diversity Combining Techniques

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第12期73卷 6001-6017页

作者： Hasnain Kashif muhammad Nasir khan Department of Electrical Engineering The University of LahoreLahore54000Pakistan

Recently,free space optical(FSO)communication is gaining much attention towards the research *** reason for this attention is the promises of high data-rate,license-free deployment,and non-interfering *** can,however,give rise to major system difficulties concerning alignment and atmospheric *** is the degradation in the signal quality because of atmospheric channel impairments and *** worst effect is due to fog ***,Radio Frequency(RF)links are able to transmit the data in foggy conditions but not in *** overcome these issues related to both the FSO and RF links.A free space communication system(FSCS)is proposed,in which the hybrid technology is based on the individual FSO and RF *** is a capable solution to overcome the difficulties of the existing systems(FSO and RF)as well as to enhance the overall link reliability and *** this paper,FSCS is investigated in terms of performance throughput(i.e.,outage probability and bit-error-rate(BER))by implementing the receive diversity combining *** analysis of the outage probability of the proposed system along with the individual FSO and RF system is *** results are presented to support the *** is shown that the proposed system outperforms the individual FSO andRF system and gives a power gain of 3dB over a distinct number of receive antennas.

关键词： Atmospheric turbulence free space communication system power management signal independent noise line of sight

Deep Learning-Based Hybrid Intelligent Intrusion Detection System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第7期68卷 671-687页

作者： muhammad Ashfaq khan Yangwoo Kim Department of Information and Communication EngineeringDongguk UniversitySeoul100-715Korea Department of Electronics Engineering IoT and Big-Data Research CenterIncheon National UniversityIncheonKorea

Machine learning(ML)algorithms are often used to design effective intrusion detection(ID)systems for appropriate mitigation and effective detection of malicious cyber threats at the host and network ***,cybersecurity attacks are still *** ID system can play a vital role in detecting such *** ID systems are unable to detect malicious threats,primarily because they adopt approaches that are based on traditional ML techniques,which are less concerned with the accurate classication and feature ***,developing an accurate and intelligent ID system is a *** main objective of this study was to develop a hybrid intelligent intrusion detection system(HIIDS)to learn crucial features representation efciently and automatically from massive unlabeled raw network trafc *** ID datasets are publicly available to the cybersecurity research *** such,we used a spark MLlib(machine learning library)-based robust classier,such as logistic regression(LR),extreme gradient boosting(XGB)was used for anomaly detection,and a state-of-the-art DL,such as a long short-term memory autoencoder(LSTMAE)for misuse attack was used to develop an efcient and HIIDS to detect and classify unpredictable *** approach utilized LSTM to detect temporal features and an AE to more efciently detect global ***,to evaluate the efcacy of our proposed approach,experiments were conducted on a publicly existing dataset,the contemporary real-life ISCX-UNB *** simulation results demonstrate that our proposed spark MLlib and LSTMAE-based HIIDS signicantly outperformed existing ID approaches,achieving a high accuracy rate of up to 97.52%for the ISCX-UNB dataset respectively 10-fold crossvalidation *** is quite promising to use our proposed HIIDS in real-world circumstances on a large-scale.

关键词： Machine learning intrusion detection system deep learning spark MLlib LSTM big data

Concept of Yager operators with the picture fuzzy set environment and its application to emergency program selection

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International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2020年第4期13卷 455-483页

作者： muhammad Qiyas muhammad Ali khan Saifullah khan Saleem Abdullah Mathematics Abdul Wali Khan UniversityMardanPakistan Abdul Wali khan University MardanPakistan

Purpose-The aim of this study as to find out an approach for emergency program ***/methodology/approach-The authors have generated six aggregation operators(AOs),namely picture fuzzy Yager weighted average(PFYWA),picture fuzzy Yager ordered weighted average,picture fuzzy Yager hybrid weighted average,picture fuzzy Yager weighted geometric(PFYWG),picture fuzzy Yager ordered weighted geometric and picture fuzzy Yager hybrid weighted geometric aggregations ***-First of all,the authors defined the score and accuracy function for picture fuzzy set(FS),and some fundamental operational laws for picture FS using the Yager aggregation *** that,using the developed operational laws,developed some AOs,namely PFYWA,picture fuzzy Yager ordered weighted average,picture fuzzy Yager hybrid weighted average,PFYWG,picture fuzzy Yager ordered weighted geometric and picture fuzzy Yager hybrid weighted geometric aggregations operators,have been proposed along with their desirable properties.A decision-making(DM)approach based on these operators has also been *** illustrative example has been given for demonstrating the ***,discussed the comparison of the proposed method with the other existing methods and write the conclusion of the ***/value-To find the best alternative for emergency program selection.

关键词： Yager operations Arithmetic aggregation operators Geometric aggregation operators Emergency program selection Decision-making