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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2016年第8期24卷 1080-1086页

作者： Abdul Majeed khan Noureen Fatima muhammad Shoukat Hussain Kousar Yasmeen Research Laboratory of Bioenergy (RLB) Department of Chemistry Federal Urdu University of Arts Science and Technology Gulshan-e-Iqbal Campus

This research article is based on the biodiesel synthesis from the marine green macroalga Ulva fasciata, collected from the coast of Karachi, Pakistan using new and the most potential waste catalysts from Pakistan Steel *** oil was extracted with n-hexane then it was analyzed by GC, TLC and by the examination of fuel *** metal analysis of catalysts was carried out by chemical tests and flame atomic absorption spectroscopy(FAAS). The thermal treatment of catalysts at 1500–1700 °C during various processes in steel manufacturing industry converted the metals to metal oxides. The presence of CaO, MgO and ZnO in these catalysts made them highly reactive for biodiesel synthesis. The basicity of waste industrial catalysts was calculated to know their basic strength. The transesterification of U. fasciata oil was performed by fast stirring using 9:1 molar ratio of methanol/oil in the presence of seven different waste industrial catalysts for 6 h at 80–100 °C. The solid catalysts were easily separated from product for re-use. In addition, the rate of reaction in the presence of these catalysts was found to be quite feasible. The waste brown dust from the steel converter gave the highest yield(88%) of biodiesel. The production of biodiesel was confirmed by TLC examination and fuel properties in comparison with the ASTM standards.

关键词： Ulva fasciata Waste catalysts Thermal treatment Metal oxides and fuel properties

Numerical Simulation for Bioconvection of Unsteady Stagnation Point Flow of Oldroyd-B Nanofluid with Activation Energy and Temperature-Based Thermal Conductivity Past a Stretching Disk

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第1期130卷 233-254页

作者： muhammad Sami Rashad Haihu Liu Shan Ali khan School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China Department of Mathematics Government College University FaisalabadLayyah Campus31200Pakistan

A mathematical modeling is explored to scrutinize the unsteady stagnation point flow of Oldroyd-B nanofluid under the thermal conductivity and solutal diffusivity with bioconvection *** of Joule heating and Arrhenius activation energy including convective boundary conditions are studied,and the specified surface temperature and constant temperature of wall(CTW)are *** consequences of thermal conductivity and diffusivity are also taken into *** flow is generated through stretchable disk geometry,and the behavior of non-linear thermal radiation is incorporated in energy *** partial differential equations governing the fluid flow in the structure is reduced into dimensionless nonlinear ODEs by applying suitable similarity *** obtained system of non-dimensional nonlinear ODEs is treated numerically with the help of bvp4c solver in Matlab under shooting *** impact of various prominent parameters on velocity profile,thermal profile,volumetric nanoparticle concentration and microorganism distribution is depicted in graphical *** numerical outcomes for skin friction coefficient,heat transfer rate,Sherwood number as well as microorganism density number versus various parameters are listed in the *** results show that fluid velocity is reduced by increasing buoyancy ratio parameter,while the fluid flow increases with mixed convective *** temperature profile is enhanced with the amount of nonlinear thermal radiation and temperature dependent thermal ***,concentration profiles of nanoparticles have opposite behavior for Brownian motion coefficient and thermophoresis diffusion parameter,and it is noticed that by varying Peclet number the microorganisms profile is *** proposed study is useful to control and optimize heat transfer in industrial applications.

关键词： Oldroyd-B nanofluid thermal conductivity solutal diffusivity conductivity bioconvective microorganisms shooting algorithm

Combining Landsat-8 spectral bands with ancillary variables for land cover classification in mountainous terrains of northern Pakistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第9期18卷 2388-2401页

作者： Arif UR REHMAN Sami ULLAH muhammad SHAFIQUE muhammad Sadiq khan muhammad Tariq BADSHAH LIU Qi-jing College of Forestry Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Department of Forestry Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University SheringalDir 18050Pakistan GIS&Space Applications in Geosciences(G-SAG)laboratory at the NCE in Geology University of PeshawarNational Center of GIS and Space ApplicationsPeshawar 25120Pakistan State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

Landsat-8 spectral values have been used to map the earth’s surface information for ***,forest types and other land-use/land-cover(LULC)in the mountain terrains exist on different altitudes and climatic ***,spectral information alone cannot be sufficient to accurately classify the forest types and other LULC,especially in high mountain *** this study,the suitability of Landsat-8 spectral bands and ancillary variables to discriminate forest types,and other LULC,using random forest(RF)classification algorithm for the Hindu Kush mountain ranges of northern Pakistan,was *** prior-examination(multicollinearity)of spectral bands and ancillary variables,three out of six spectral bands and five out of eight ancillary variables were selected with threshold correlation coefficients r2<*** selected datasets were stepwise stacked together and six Input Datasets(ID)were *** first ID-1 includes only the Surface Reflectance(SR)of spectral bands,and then in each ID,the extra one ancillary variable including Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI),Normalized Difference Water Index(NDWI),Normalized Difference Snow Index(NDSI),Land Surface Temperature(LST),and Digital Elevation Model(DEM)was *** found an overall accuracy(OA)=72.8%and kappa coefficient(KC)=61.9%for the classification of forest types,and other LULC classes by using the only SR bands of *** OA=81.5%and KC=73.7%was improved by the addition of NDVI,NDWI,and NDSI to the spectral bands of ***,the addition of LST and DEM further increased the OA,and Kappa coefficient(KC)by 87.5%and 82.6%,*** indicates that ancillary variables play an important role in the classification,especially in the mountain terrain,and should be adopted in addition to spectral *** output of the study will be useful for the protection and conservation,analysis,climate change research,and other mountains forest-related management information.

关键词： Forest types Landuse Landcover Landsat-8 Random forest Ancillary variables Mountain environment

Clinical relevance of circulating non-coding RNAs in metabolic diseases:Emphasis on obesity,diabetes,cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第6期10卷 2393-2413页

作者： Abdullahi Dandare muhammad Jawad khan Aisha Naeem Afrose Liaquat Department of Biosciences COMSATS University IslamabadIslamabad 45550Pakistan Department of Biochemistry Usmanu Danfodiyo UniversitySokoto 840104Nigeria Ministry of Public Health POB42DohaQatar Department of Oncology Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer CenterGeorgetown University Medical CenterWashingtonDC 20057USA Shifa College of Medicine Shifa Tameer-E-Millat UniversityIslamabad 45550Pakistan

Non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)participate in the regulation of several cellular processes including transcription,RNA processing and genome *** aberrant expression of ncRNAs is associated with several pathological *** this review,we focused on recent information to elucidate the role of various regulatory ncRNAs i.e.,micro RNAs(miRNAs),circular RNAs(circRNAs)and long-chain non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs),in metabolic diseases,e.g.,obesity,diabetes mellitus(DM),cardiovascular diseases(CVD)and metabolic syndrome(MetS).The mechanisms by which ncRNAs participated in disease pathophysiology were also *** regulate the expression of genes at transcriptional and translational *** modulate the regulation of gene expression via miRNA sponging activity,interacting with RNA binding protein and polymerase II transcription *** regulate the expression of genes by acting as a protein decoy,miRNA sponging,miRNA host gene,binding to miRNA response elements(MRE)and the recruitment of transcriptional element or chromatin *** examined the role of ncRNAs in the disease pathogenesis and their potential role as molecular markers for diagnosis,prognosis and therapeutic *** showed the involvement of ncRNAs in the onset of obesity and its progression to MetS and ***-192,miRNA-122,and miRNA-221 were dysregulated in all these metabolic *** ncRNAs,implicated in at least three diseases include miRNA-15a,miRNA-26,miRNA-27a,miRNA-320,and *** of ncRNAs increased the risk of development of DM and MetS and its progression to CVD in obese ***,these molecules are potential targets to arrest or delay the progression of metabolic diseases.

关键词： Biomarkers CircRNAs LncRNAs Metabolic diseases miRNAs Non-coding RNAs Therapeutic targets

Development of anti-corrosive coating on AZ31 Mg alloy modified by MOF/LDH/PEO hybrids

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第2期12卷 586-607页

作者： muhammad Ali khan Ananda Repycha Safira Mohammad Aadil Mosab Kaseem Corrosion and Electrochemistry Laboratory Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials EngineeringSejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea

The self-assembly of hybrid inorganic-organic materials on stationary platforms plays a critical role in improving their structural stability and wide *** this work,a novel two-step hydrothermal approach is proposed for synthesizing stable and advanced hybrid coatings on metal-oxide platforms through the surface modification of layered double hydroxide(LDH)films using novel metal-organic frameworks(MOFs).Initially,Mg-Al LDH nanocontainers,grown on a magnesium oxide layer produced through plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO)of AZ31 Mg alloy substrate,were intercalated with cobalt via an oxidation route,providing the metallic coordination center for the MOF *** the subsequent step,a pioneering technique is introduced,utilizing tryptophan as the organic linker for the first time at a pH of *** self-assembly of cobalt-tryptophan complex,driven by the strong bonding between electrophilic sites of monomers and nucleophilic sites,facilitated the formation of a MOF network having a cloud-like structure on the surface of MgAl LDH's *** resulting MOF-LDH encapsulation containers demonstrate exceptional electrochemical stability when exposed to a 3.5 wt.%NaCl solution,surpassing the performance of PEO and pure LDH *** enhanced stability is attributed to the development of a dense top layer and a stable composition within the self-assembled MOF,effectively sealing flaws and preventing the infiltration of corrosive ions into the underlying metallic *** formation mechanism of MOFs on LDH galleries is investigated using density functional theory calculations.

关键词： Mg alloy Layered double hydroxide Metal-organic frameworks Corrosion DFT

Citrus Diseases Recognition Using Deep Improved Genetic Algorithm

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 3667-3684页

作者： Usra Yasmeen muhammad Attique khan Usman Tariq Junaid Ali khan muhammad Asfand EYar ChAvais Hanif Senghour Mey Yunyoung Nam Department of Computer Science HITEC University TaxilaTaxilaPakistan College of Computer Engineering and Sciences Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-KhrajSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Bahria UniversityIslamabadPakistan Department of EE HITEC University TaxilaTaxilaPakistan Department of ICT Convergence Soonchunhyang UniversityKorea Department of Computer Science and Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityKorea

Agriculture is the backbone of each country,and almost 50%of the population is directly involved in *** Pakistan,several kinds of fruits are produced and exported the other *** is an important fruit,and its production in Pakistan is higher than the other ***,the diseases of citrus fruits such as canker,citrus scab,blight,and a few more impact the quality and quantity of this *** manual diagnosis of these diseases required an expert person who is always a time-consuming and costly *** the agriculture sector,deep learning showing significant success in the last five *** research work proposes an automated framework using deep learning and best feature selection for citrus diseases *** the proposed framework,the augmentation technique is applied initially by creating more training data from existing *** were then modifying the two pre-trained models named Resnet18 and Inception *** modified models are trained using an augmented dataset through transfer *** are extracted for each model,which is further selected using Improved Genetic Algorithm(ImGA).The selected features of both models are fused using an array-based approach that is finally classified using supervised learning classifiers such as Support Vector Machine(SVM)and name a few *** experimental process is conducted on three different datasets-Citrus Hybrid,Citrus Leaf,and Citrus *** these datasets,the best-achieved accuracy is 99.5%,94%,and 97.7%,*** proposed framework is evaluated on each step and compared with some recent techniques,showing that the proposed method shows improved performance.

关键词： Citrus diseases data augmentation deep learning features selection features fusion

Brain Tumor Segmentation using Multi-View Attention based Ensemble Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第9期72卷 5793-5806页

作者： Noreen Mushtaq Arfat Ahmad khan Faizan Ahmed khan muhammad Junaid Ali Malik muhammad Ali Shahid Chitapong Wechtaisong Peerapong Uthansakul COMSATS University Islamabad Islamabad Campus45550Pakistan Suranaree University of Technology Nakhon Ratchasima30000Thailand COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus54000Pakistan Virtual University of Pakistan Islamabad Campus45550Pakistan COMSATS University Islamabad Vehari Campus61100Pakistan

Astrocytoma IV or glioblastoma is one of the fatal and dangerous types of brain *** detection of brain tumor increases the survival rate and helps in reducing the fatality *** imaging modalities have been used for diagnosing by expert radiologists,and Medical Resonance Image(MRI)is considered a better option for detecting brain tumors as MRI is a non-invasive technique and provides better visualization of the brain *** of the challenging issues is to identify the tumorous region from the MRI scans *** segmentation is performed by medical experts,which is a time-consuming task and got chances of *** overcome this issue,automatic segmentation is performed for quick and accurate *** proposed approach is to capture inter-slice information and reduce the *** learning-based brain tumor segmentation techniques proved best among available segmentation ***,deep learning may miss some preliminary info while using MRI images during *** MRI volumes are volumetric,3D U-Net-based models are used but *** of multiple 2D U-Net predictions in axial,sagittal,and coronal views help to capture inter-slice *** approach may reduce the system ***,the Conditional Random Fields(CRF)reduce the predictions’false positives and improve the segmentation *** model is applied to Brain Tumor Segmentation(BraTS)2019 dataset,and cross-validation is performed to check the accuracy of *** proposed approach achieves Dice Similarity Score(DSC)of 0.77 on Enhancing Tumor(ET),0.90 on Whole Tumor(WT),and 0.84 on Tumor Core(TC)with reduced Hausdorff Distance(HD)of 3.05 on ET,5.12 on WT and 3.89 on TC.

关键词： Brain tumor deep learning detection conditional random field segmentation

Dynamic trip point categorisation using manufacturing process for polycrystalline diamond compact bits as case study

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Journal of Control and Decision 2022年第3期9卷 311-321页

作者： Zubair Ahmad khan Khalid khan Shuja Ahmad khan Shahbaz khan muhammad Tufail Abdel Nasser Mechatronics Department University of Engineering and Technology PeshawarPeshawarPakistan Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion US Pakistan Centre for Advanced Studies in Energy University of Engineering and Technology PeshawarPeshawarPakistan Bakar Hughes HoustonGermany Jacobs DallasTXUSA

Disruptions in the manufacturing process cast substantial impacts on the consumer’s centric values,cost,and overall *** ripple effect of these disruptions is observed in the whole assembly *** proper analysis and mitigation of disruptions is the key to the proficiency of the plant and resource *** research focuses on the quantitative analysis of the impact of disruptions of the manufacturing process,which is performed by analysing the disruptive workstation *** disruptive workstations have a significant impact on succeeding and preceding workstations,which have been analysed dynamically,and accordingly,the preset alarm trip points are *** results show that lowering the number of starts and stops decreases the number of rejections of valuable process batches that finally improve ***,the developed model is implemented on a polycrystalline diamond compact drill bit manufacturing *** results are compared with the research work of other researchers,showing a 60%reduction in the number of start/stop events,60%reduction in downtime,while a 75%reduction in the number of rejections is noted.

关键词： Disruptions dynamic assessment downtime alarm tripoints

Ordered Semigroups Characterized by Their Intuitionistic Fuzzy Generalized Bi-ideals

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模糊系统与数学 2009年第5期23卷 56-64页

作者： muhammad Shabir Asghar khan Department of Mathematics Quaid-i-Azam University Department of Mathematics COMSATS Institute of Information Technology

In this paper,we define intuitionistic fuzzy generalized bi-ideals in ordered semigroups and characterize regular and left weakly regular ordered semigroups in terms of intuitionistic fuzzy generalized bi-ideals.

关键词：模糊数学模糊系统系统论理论

Effects of bismuth on structural and dielectric properties of cobalt-cadmium spinel ferrites fabricated via micro-emulsion route

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Chinese Physics B 2019年第8期28卷 408-416页

作者： Furhaj Ahmed Sheikh muhammad Khalid muhammad Shahzad Shifa H M Noor ul Huda khan Asghar Sameen Aslam Ayesha Perveen Jalil ur Rehman muhammad Azhar khan Zaheer Abbas Gilani Department of Physics Balochistan University of Information TechnologyEngineering & Management SciencesQuetta 87300Pakistan Department of Physics Government College UniversityFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Department of Physics The Islamia University of Bahawalpur 63100Pakistan

Spinel ferrites have a significant role in high-tech *** the present work nano-crystalline ferrites having general formula Co0.5Cd0.5BixFe2-xO4 with(x=0.0,0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2,and 0.25)are synthesized via micro-emulsion *** x-ray diffraction(XRD)studies discover the FCC spinel *** size is calculated in a range of 11 nm-15 *** parameter calculations are reduced due to its substitution which leads to the exchange of large ionic radius of Fe^3+for small ionic radius of Bi^3+.The x-ray density is analyzed to increase with *** transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)is performed to analyze absorption band *** two absorption bands are observed in a range of 400 cm^-1-600 cm^-1,and they are the characteristic feature of spinel ***-gravimetric analysis(TGA)reveals the total weight loss of nearly 1.98%.Dielectric analysis is carried out by impedance analyzer in a frequency span from 1 MHz to 3 GHz by using the Maxwell Wagner *** studies reveal the decrease of dielectric *** alternating current(AC)conductivity exhibits a plane behavior in a low frequency range and it increases with the applied frequency *** is attributed to the grain effects in a high frequency range or may be due to the reduction of *** and imaginary part of impedance show the decreasing trend which corresponds to the grain boundary *** imaginary modulus shows the occurrence of peak that helps to understand the interfacial ***-Cole graph shows a single semicircle which confirms that the conduction mechanism is due to the grain boundaries at low *** studies reveal the applicability of these ferrites in high frequency equipment,microwave applications,high storage media,and semiconductor devices.

关键词： Co-ferrite nanocrystalline ferrites XRD microemulsion dielectric properties