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Effects of Combined Spinal Epidural Anaesthesia and Spinal Anaesthesia on Peri-Operative Pulmonary Status in Geriatric Patients in Lower Extremity Surgery

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第10期8卷 132-147页

作者： Sharmin Ara Begum A. K. M. Akhtaruzzaman Dilip Kumar Bhowmick Debabrata Banik Md. Afzalur Rahman A. K. M. Shahidur Rahman Md. Saydur Rahman Khandoker Moynul Hasan Mohammad Kamrul Ahsan Md. Imrul Islam muhammad shamsul arefin Tahmidul Islam Department of Anaesthesiology National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedic Rehabilitation (NITOR) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Anaesthesia Analgesia and Intensive Care Medicine Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Neuro-Anaesthesia National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (NINS) Sher-e-Bangla Nagar Agargaon Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Nephrology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Anaesthesia Asgor Ali Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Pediatric Surgery Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College and Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College Hospital (HFRCMCH) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Rajshahi Medical College Hospital (RMCH) Rajshahi Bangladesh Department of Biochemistry Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka Bangladesh

Background: Lower extremity surgeries performed in elderly people usually have high prevalence of peri-operative medical problems related to anaesthesia. The overall objective of peri-operative care of geriatric population is to fast recovery from anaesthesia and avoid functional decline. Objective: To compare the peri-operative pulmonary status of combined spinal epidural anaesthesia (CSEA) and spinal anaesthesia (SA) in geriatric patients underwent lower extremity surgeries. Methods: This prospective comparative study was conducted at Department of Anaesthesia, Analgesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2016 to June 2018. A total of 70 geriatric cases that underwent lower extremity surgeries were included in this study. Cases were randomly allocated into two groups;35 in Group A (CSEA) and 35 in Group B (SAB). The different outcome variables between the groups like-duration of anaesthesia, respiratory rates (RR), oxygen saturation (SpO2), end tidal CO2 (EtCO2), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), breath holding test (BHT), peri-operative side effects of anaesthesia and post-operative visual analogue score (VAS) were analyzed and compared by statistical tests. Results: The mean age, weight, BMI of Group A and Group B patients were not significantly different (p > 0.05). No significant differences were observed in duration of surgery, gender and ASA grade between the groups (p > 0.05). Mean duration of anaesthesia, mean time to achieve target level of sensory block and mean time to achieve complete motor block were significantly higher in Group A (p 2, PEFR and BHT of both groups were not significantly different (p > 0.05). Peri-operative side effects of anaesthesia and post-operative VAS were significantly less in group A patients (p <

关键词： Combined Spinal Epidural Anaesthesia (CSEA) Geriatric Patients Spinal Anaesthesia (SA)

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Mobile biosafety level (BSL) 2 laboratories deployment: Strengthening the diagnostic facilities in Pakistan with emerging public health challenges and the way forward

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Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity 2023年第2期5卷 79-83页

作者： shamsul Arfin Qasmi Aamer Ikram muhammad Tariq muhammad Tahir Khadim Nabeel Ahmed Maqbool Principal/HOD Pathology Bahawalpur Medical&Dental CollegeBahawalpur Pakistan Executive Director National Institute of Health IslamabadPakistan Country Director Chemonics International IslamabadPakistan Principal Fazaia Medical College and Dean Faculty Health Sciences Air University IslamabadPakistan GHSC.PSM Pakistan

Availability of mobile laboratories can facilitate rapid on-spot detection of pathogens,monitor its presence in certain populations and inform health authorities to take immediate remedial *** available biosafety and biosecurity guidelines and policies may not completely articulate the increased demand to manage mobile units in infectious disease outbreaks in remote parts of the country for rapid diagnosis,and also allows research and epidemiological study take place *** main objective of this study is to evaluate the current limitations and develop and implement biosafety and biosecurity guidelines as well as the protocols for operations,security,and response plan of mobile biosafety level 2 laboratories and their *** in view the sensitivity of it,a comprehensive plan was developed to address it in view of Global Health Security *** and biosecurity protocols were developed including Risk Assessment Tool(RAT)fitting the needs and strengthen the diagnostic and epidemiological capacity in the field covering remote parts of country to fill the gaps observed during the COVID-19 *** the biosafety and biosecurity best practices guidelines and biosecurity policy and regulations are directed mostly towards static laboratories.A biosafety and biosecurity manual developed to adopt and meet the requirements for MBSL *** acute health infectious threats including the COVID-19 outbreak and other epidemics,rapid diagnosis can curb and mitigate the problem before it gets out of its boundaries creating significant health risks for the public and *** deployment of mobile laboratories will certainly help in curbing these catastrophes.

关键词： Biosafety manual Biorisk Management Risk Assessment Mobile BSL 2 Laboratories(MBSL2Laboratories) Outbreak Response

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Integrated Nutrient Management Improves Productivity and Quality of Sugarcane(Saccharum Officinarum L.)

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第2期91卷 439-469页

作者： Md.shamsul arefin Md.Ariful Islam Md.Mokhlesur Rahman Md.Abdul Alim Sabry Hassan Mahmoud F.K.Soliman Mohamed M.Hassan Rajan Bhatt Akbar Hossain Physiology and Sugar Chemistry Division Bangladesh Sugarcrop Research InstituteIshurdi6620Bangladesh On-Farm Research Division Bangladesh Agricultural Research InstitutePabna6600Bangladesh Department of Agricultural Chemistry Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh2202Bangladesh Department of Food Technology and Rural Industries Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh2202Bangladesh Department of Biology College of ScienceTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Nature Conservation Sector Egyptian Environmental Affairs AgencyCairo11728Egypt Regional Research Station Panjab Agricultural UniversityKapurthala144601India Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute Dinajpur5200Bangladesh

Sugarcane is one of the major important sugar yielding crops in *** an exhaustive crop,sugarcane removes a huge amount of plant nutrients from the ***,the combined use of organic and inorganic fertilizers can be a good approach to deal with nutrient depletion and promote sustainable crop production as well as improve soil ***,an attempt was made to identify the most fruitful and profitable integrated nutrient management on the aspects of growth,yield and quality of sugarcane in two consecutive growing *** treatments:T_(1)=Control,T_(2)=165:55:120:30:10:2.5:4 kg N:P:K:S:Mg:Zn:B ha^(−1),T_(3)=Poultry Litter(PL)at 5 t ha^(−1)+95:51:87:9:10:2.5:4 kg N:P:K:S:Mg:Zn:B ha^(−1),T_(4)=Cow Dung(CD)at 15 t ha^(−1)+36:52:60:17:10:2.5:4 kg N:P:K:S:Mg:Zn:B ha^(−1),T_(5)=Press Mud(PM)at 15 t ha^(−1)+10:50:43:0:10:2.5:4 kg N:P:K:S:Mg:Zn:B ha^(−1),T_(6)=Mustard Oil Cake(MOC)at 0.5 t ha^(−1)+140:54:115:25:10:2.5:4 kg N:P:K:S:Mg:Zn:B ha^(−1)and T_(7)=GM(Green Manure)at 5 t ha^(−1)+140:53:100:28:10:2.5:4 kg N:P:K:S:Mg:Zn:B ha^(−1)were used in this *** years data showed that treatment T_(3)produced the maximum amount of tillers,total dry matter yield,millable sugarcane,cane yield and sugar yield,followed by the T_(4)*** highest stalk heights were recorded in the T_(3)treatment,which was statistically similar to all other treatments except T_(1)and T_(2).The juice quality parameters viz.,brix and pol in cane were found significant in treatment T_(3)while the highest purity was obtained in the T_(7)*** the data of Jaggery(goor)quality parameters,the highest sucrose content,color transmittance,Jaggery(goor)recovery and the lowest ash content of Jaggery(goor)were observed in the T_(3)treatment,which was statistically similar to the T_(4)treatment in both *** highest cost of production was obtained from the T_(6)treatment while the highest gross return,net return and BCR were recorded in the T_(3)*** sig

关键词： Nutrient fertilizer growth physiology yield quality sugarcane

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Capacity building for the identification,mitigation,and communication of DURC in Pakistan:A cross-sectional study

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Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity 2021年第2期3卷 141-146页

作者： shamsul Arfin Qasmi Samreen Sarwar muhammad Azheruddin Department of Pathology Fazaia Ruth Pfau Medical CollegeKarachiSindhPakistan Technical Advisor Health Security PartnersLahorePakistan and Department of MicrobiologyUniversity of Health Sciences LahorePakistan Department of Community Medicine Fazaia Ruth Pfau Medical CollegeKarachiSindhPakistan

The increasing threat posed by state and nonstate actors seeking to misuse scientific and technological developments means it is more important than ever to ensure the responsible conduct of life sciences research,biosecurity research,and dual-use research of concern(DURC).Pakistan has a rapidly growing research environment and,being a signatory to the Biological Toxins and Weapons Convention,is committed to raising DURC awareness among its *** this end,a series of five workshops were conducted in Pakistan between July 2018 and January 2020 with the support of the United States organization Health Security *** workshops targeted universities offering postgraduate programs in life and medical *** purpose of the workshops was to enable participants to understand the concept of DURC,review their own research,determine if any of their experiments may be DURC,identify potential risks while conducting the research,and develop protocols to mitigate DURC threats.A pre-and post-workshop questionnaire evaluated the knowledge of the *** of both the course and facilitators were obtained at each workshop.

关键词： Dual-use research Knowledge Pakistan Training

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High Order Central Schemes Applied to Relativistic Multi-Component Flow Models

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Applied Mathematics 2014年第8期5卷 1169-1186页

作者： Tayabia Ghaffar muhammad Yousaf Saira Sultan shamsul Qamar Department of Mathematics COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad Pakistan Department of Mathematics Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad Pakistan

The dynamics of inviscid multi-component relativistic fluids may be modeled by the relativistic Euler equations, augmented by one (or more) additional species equation(s). We use the high-resolution staggered central schemes to solve these equations. The equilibrium states for each component are coupled in space and time to have a common temperature and velocity. The current schemes can handle strong shocks and the oscillations near the interfaces are negligible, which usually happens in the multi-component flows. The schemes also guarantee the exact mass conservation for each component, the exact conservation of total momentum, and energy in the whole particle system. The central schemes are robust, reliable, compact and easy to implement. Several one- and two-dimensional numerical test cases are included in this paper, which validate the application of these schemes to relativistic multi-component flows.

关键词： Multi-Component Flows Relativistic Euler Equations Central Schemes Higher Order Accuracy

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Modified EDMONDS-KARP Algorithm to Solve Maximum Flow Problems

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2016年第2期6卷 131-140页

作者： Kalyan Kumar Mallick Aminur Rahman Khan Mollah Mesbahuddin Ahmed Md. shamsul arefin Md. Sharif Uddin Department of Mathematics University of Development Alternative (UODA) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Mathematics Jahangirnagar University Savar Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Development Alternative (UODA) Dhaka Bangladesh

Maximum Flow Problem (MFP) discusses the maximum amount of flow that can be sent from the source to sink. Edmonds-Karp algorithm is the modified version of Ford-Fulkerson algorithm to solve the MFP. This paper presents some modifications of Edmonds-Karp algorithm for solving MFP. Solution of MFP has also been illustrated by using the proposed algorithm to justify the usefulness of proposed method.

关键词： Maximum Flow Maximum Flow Problem Breadth First Search Augmenting Path Residual Network

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Navigating Eutrophication in Aquatic Environments: Understanding Impacts and Unveiling Solutions for Effective Wastewater Management

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Research in Ecology 2023年第3期5卷 11-18页

作者： Arnob Dhar Pranta Md.Tareque Rahaman Md.Samin Ahmed Md.shamsul arefin Rafi Department of Textile Engineering Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology UniversitySantoshTangail1902Bangladesh Department of Computing Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolL35UXUnited Kingdom Department of Chemistry Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology UniversitySantoshTangail1902Bangladesh

Eutrophication is the term used to describe the presence of natural and artificial nutrients like phosphorus and nitrogen in aquatic *** water quality in various bodies of water such as ponds,lakes,rivers,*** deteriorating as a result of an abundance of plant nutrients in these water ***-enrichment of aquatic ecosystems with nutrients is a major hazard to the well-being of aquatic ecosystems *** addition,the circulations have lowered the requirements for home and agricultural consumption of *** main origins of these plant nutrients within aquatic ecosystems stem from the discharges of industries engaged in activities like livestock farming,agriculture,fertilizer production,manufacturing of textiles,and clothing ***,a variety of methods and approaches have already been developed as safety measures to avoid the negative consequences of water tainted with those undesired *** presents many obstacles,but with the right public awareness campaign and global scientific efforts,its negative impacts may be *** research seeks to pinpoint the primary origins of plant nutrients within the aquatic ecosystem and explore potential triggers for ***,it proposes innovative regulatory methods and offers suggestions for sustainable wastewater management practices.

关键词： Eutrophication Phosphorus Water environments Fertilizers Wastewater

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Blossoming Characteristics in Black Cumin Genotypes in Relation Seed Yield Influenced by Sowing Time

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第8期6卷 1167-1183页

作者： Md Ziaul Haq M. Mofazzal Hossain M. Moynul Haque Mira Rani Das muhammad shamsul Huda Seed Science and Technology Unit Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University Gazipur Bangladesh Department of Horticulture Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University Gazipur Bangladesh Agriculture Training Institute Gazipur Bangladesh Scientific Officer Farm Division Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Joydebpur Gazipur Bangladesh

Black cumin (Nigella sativa L.;Family-Ranunculaceae) is an important spice crop. Mature seeds are consumed for edible and medical purposes and also used as a food additive and flavour. Seed of black cumin has great potentiality as spice crop due to nutritive and medicinal values. The experiments were carried out at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur during 2011 to 2012 to determine optimum planting time for seed production of black cumin. The experiment was two factorials. Factor A: 4 genotypes were V1: Exotic, Iran;V2: BARI kalozira-1;V3: Local, Faridpur and V4: Local, Natore. Factor B: sowing date: D1: 16 October;D2: 1 November;D3: 16 November and D4: 1 December. Therefore, treatment combinations were 16 in total. So, in 3 replications total plot was 48. Result revealed that significantly the highest 2.37 t/ha in V1, followed by V2 (1.96 t/ha). V2 and V3 (1.97 t/ha) were statistically similar and maximum yield was obtained from D2 (2.65 t/ha). In combined effect, maximum yield 3.00 t/ha was obtained in V1D2.. Investigation on time of sowing revealed that performance of black cumin was better in earlier sowings (16 October, 1 November) than later ones. The highest yield (4g plant-1;2.65 tha-1) was obtained when the crop was sown on 1 November. Among the genotypes, the exotic one with sowing in 1 November gave the highest seed yield (4.54 g·plant-1;3.00 t·ha-1).

关键词： Black Cumin Flower Blooming Capsule Seed Yield Sowing Time

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Antimicrobial activity and essential oils of Curcuma aeruginosa,Curcuma mangga,and Zingiber cassumunar from Malaysia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第3期5卷 202-209页

作者： Tg Siti Amirah Tg Kamazeri Othman Abd Samah muhammad Taher Deny Susanti Haitham Qaralleh Department of Biomedical Science Kulliyyah of ScienceInternational Islamic University MalaysiaJalan IstanaBandar Indera Mahkota25200 KuantanPahangMalaysia Kulliyyah of Pharmacy International Islamic University MalaysiaJalan IstanaBandar Indera Mahkota25200 KuantanPahangMalaysia

Objective:To analyze the chemical composition of the essential oils of Curcuma aeruginosa (***),Curcuma mangga(***),and Zingiber cassumunar(***). and study their antimicrobial ***:Essential oils obtained by steam distillation were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass speclrometry(GC-MS).The antimicrobial activity of the essential oils was evaluated against four bacteria:Bacillus cereus(***).Staphylococcus aureus(***).Escherichia coli(***).and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(***);and two fungi:Candida albicans(***) and Cyptococcus neoformans(***),using disc-diffusion and broth microdilution ***:Cycloisolongifolene,8.9-dehydro-9- formyl(35.29%) and dihydrocoslunolide(22.51%) were the major compounds in *** oil; whereas caryophyllene oxide(18.71%) and caryophyllene(12.69%) were the major compounds in *** oil:and 2,6.9,9-tetramethyl-2.6.10-cycloundecatrien-1-one(60.77%) andα-caryophyllene(23.92%) were abundant in *** *** essential oils displayed varying degrees of antimicrobial activity against all lested *** oil had the highest and most broad-spectrum activity by inhibiting all microorganisms tested,with *** being the most sensitive microorganism by having the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration(MFC) values of 0.1μL/mL. *** oil showed mild antimicrobial activity,whereas *** had very low or weak activity against the tested ***:The preliminary results suggest promising antimicrobial properties of *** and ***,which may be useful for food preservation,pharmaceutical treatment and natural therapies.

关键词： Antimicrobial Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Essential oil Curcuma aeruginosa Curcuma mangga Zingiber cassumunar

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