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Designing Pair of Nonlinear Components of a Block Cipher over Gaussian Integers

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第6期75卷 5287-5305页

作者： muhammad sajjad Tariq Shah Robinson Julian Serna Department of Mathematics Quaid-I-Azam UniversityIslamabad45320Pakistan Escuela de Matemáticas y Estadística Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de ColombiaTunja150003Columbia

In block ciphers,the nonlinear components,also known as sub-stitution boxes(S-boxes),are used with the purpose of inducing confusion in *** the last decade,most of the work on designing S-boxes over the points of elliptic curves has been *** main purpose of these studies is to hide data and improve the security levels of crypto *** this work,we design pair of nonlinear components of a block cipher over the residue class of Gaussian integers(GI).The fascinating features of this structure provide S-boxes pair at a time by fixing three *** the prime field dependent on the Elliptic curve(EC)provides one S-box at a time by fixing three parameters a,b,and *** newly designed pair of S-boxes are assessed by various tests like nonlinearity,bit independence criterion,strict avalanche criterion,linear approximation probability,and differential approximation probability.

关键词： Gaussian integers residue class of gaussian integers block cipher S-boxes analysis of S-boxes

Structure inversion asymmetry enhanced electronic structure and electrical transport in 2D A3SnO(A=Ca,Sr,and Ba)antiperovskite monolayers

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Nano Research 2023年第1期16卷 1779-1791页

作者： Syed muhammad Alay-e-Abbas Ghulam Abbas Waqas Zulfiqar muhammad sajjad Nirpendra Singh J.Andreas Larsson Applied Physics Division of Materials ScienceDepartment of Engineering Sciences and MathematicsLuleåUniversity of Technology97187 LuleåSweden Computational Materials Modeling Laboratory Department of PhysicsGovernment College UniversityFaisalabad 38040Pakistan Department of Energy Conversion and Storage Technical University of Denmark2800 Kgs.LyngbyDenmark Department of Physics Khalifa University of Science and TechnologyAbu Dhabi-127788United Arab Emirates Center for Catalysis and Separation(CeCaS) Khalifa University of Science and TechnologyAbu Dhabi-127788United Arab Emirates

Anti-perovskites A3SnO(A=Ca,Sr,and Ba)are an important class of materials due to the emergence of Dirac cones and tiny mass gaps in their band structures originating from an intricate interplay of crystal symmetry,spin–orbit coupling,and band *** provides an exciting playground for modulating their electronic properties in the two-dimensional(2D)***,we employ first-principles density functional theory(DFT)calculations by combining dispersion-corrected SCAN+rVV10 and mBJ functionals for a comprehensive side-by-side comparison of the structural,thermodynamic,dynamical,mechanical,electronic,and thermoelectric properties of bulk and monolayer(one unit cell thick)A3SnO *** results show that 2D monolayers derived from bulk A3SnO anti-perovskites are structurally and energetically ***,Rashba-type splitting in the electronic structure of Ca3SnO and Sr3SnO monolayers is observed owing to strong spin–orbit coupling and inversion *** the other hand,monolayer Ba3SnO exhibits Dirac cone at the high-symmetryΓpoint due to the domination of band *** on the predicted electronic transport properties,it is shown that inversion asymmetry plays an essential character such that the monolayers Ca3SnO and Sr3SnO outperform thermoelectric performance of their bulk counterparts.

关键词： electrical transport anti-perovskites low-dimensional materials electronic structure mechanical properties

Investigating the trip configured causal effect of distracted driving on aggressive driving behavior for e-hailing taxi drivers

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2021年第5期8卷 725-734页

作者： muhammad sajjad Ansar Yongfeng Ma Shuyan Chen Kun Tang Ziyu Zhang School of Transportation Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China School of Automation Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

Risky driving behavior of taxi drivers typically evaluated for full operation or sometimes sorted into occupied and empty running *** this paper,we simultaneously analyze aggressive driving and distracted driving of taxi drivers under three different trip *** origin is considered a transition from without ride-order to with ride-order travelling or from with ride-order to occupied travelling,and a destination as a transition from occupied to without ride-order travelling and vice *** driving is characterized by driver interference,driver mobile use and some entertainment aspects,while specific harmful and risky actions are considered for aggressive ***-resolution and real-time kinematic parameters of taxis were recorded by the in-vehicle recorder VBOX for overall 562 *** distracted driving parameters and aggressive driving actions were monitored through python data collector web application that was specially programmed for this particular *** dual dash cam(i.e.,front and inside car camera),drivers’ whole day driving history from their Chinese ride-hailing Di Di smart application was used to differentiate occupied trips,unoccupied trips with ride-order and unoccupied trips without *** equation modeling(SEM) is practiced in this paper to understand the influence of distracted driving indicators on aggressive driving *** multi-group model analysis of SEM indicated that handling distracted risky driving could control aggressive driving behavior up to 96% and 98% inunoccupied without ride-order trips and unoccupied trips with ride-order *** model has also identified the sensitive risky driving indicators for each group separately.

关键词： E-hailing taxi driver Distracted driving Aggressive driving Naturalistic driving SEM

Nonlinear Components of a Block Cipher over Eisenstein Integers

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第12期77卷 3659-3675页

作者： Mohammad Mazyad Hazzazi muhammad sajjad Zaid Bassfar Tariq Shah Ashwag Albakri Department of Mathematics College of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha61413Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Quaid-I-Azam UniversityIslamabad45320Pakistan Department of Information Technology University of TabukTabuk71491Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science&Information TechnologyJazan UniversityJazan45142Saudi Arabia

In block ciphers,the nonlinear components,also known as substitution boxes(S-boxes),are used with the purpose to induce confusion in *** the last decade,most of the work on designing S-boxes over the points of elliptic curves,chaotic maps,and Gaussian integers has been *** main purpose of these studies is to hide data and improve the security levels of crypto *** this work,we design pair of nonlinear components of a block cipher over the residue class of Eisenstein integers(EI).The fascinating features of this structure provide S-boxes pair at a time by fixing three ***,in the same way,by taking three fixed parameters only one S-box is obtained through a prime field-dependent Elliptic curve(EC),chaotic maps,and Gaussian *** newly designed pair of S-boxes are assessed by various tests like nonlinearity,bit independence criterion,strict avalanche criterion,linear approximation probability,and differential approximation probability.

关键词： Eisenstein integers residue class of Eisenstein integers block cipher S-boxes analysis of S-boxes

Sub-picosecond,strain-tunable,polarizationselective optical switching via anisotropic exciton dynamics in quasi-1D ZrSe_(3)

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第11期13卷 2576-2588页

作者： Sang Ho Suk Sanghee Nah muhammad sajjad Sung Bok Seo Jianxiang Chen Sangwan Sim School of Electrical Engineering Hanyang UniversityAnsanSouth Korea Seoul Center Korea Basic Science InstituteSeoulSouth Korea Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute University of NottinghamNingboChina Key Laboratory of Carbonaceous Wastes Processing and Process Intensification Research of Zhejiang Province University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingboChina

In cutting-edge optical technologies,polarization is a key for encoding and transmitting vast information,highlighting the importance of selectively switching and modulating polarized ***,anisotropic two-dimensional materials have emerged for ultrafast switching of polarization-multiplexed optical signals,but face challenges with low polarization ratios and limited spectral ***,we apply strain to quasi-one-dimensional layered ZrSe_(3)to enhance polarization selectivity and tune operational energies in ultrafast all-optical ***,transient absorption on unstrained ZrSe_(3)reveals a sub-picosecond switching response in polarization along a specific crystal axis,attributed to shifting-recovery dynamics of an anisotropic ***,its polarization selectivity is weakened by a slow non-excitonic response in the perpendicular *** overcome this limitation,we apply strain to ZrSe_(3)by bending its flexible *** compressive strain spectrally decouples the excitonic and nonexcitonic components,doubling the polarization selectivity of the sub-picosecond switching and tripling it compared to that in the tensile-strained ZrSe_(3).It also effectively tunes the switching energy at a shift rate of~93 meV%-*** strain-tunable switching is repeatable,reversible,and robustly maintains the sub-picosecond ***-principles calculations reveal that the strain control is enabled by momentum-and band-dependent modulations of the electronic band structure,causing opposite shifts in the excitonic and non-excitonic *** findings offer a novel approach for high-performance,wavelength-tunable,polarization-selective ultrafast optical switching.

关键词： polarization tunable strain

Reconfigurable Sensing Time in Cooperative Cognitive Network Using Machine Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5209-5227页

作者： Noor Gul Saeed Ahmed Su Min Kim muhammad sajjad Khan Junsu Kim Department of Electronics Engineering Korea Polytechnic UniversityGyeonggi-do15073Korea Department of Electronics University of PeshawarPeshawar25120Pakistan Deparment of Electrical Engineering Mirpur University of Science of TechnologyAJ&KMirpur10250Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering International Islamic UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan

A cognitive radio network(CRN)intelligently utilizes the available spectral resources by sensing and learning from the radio environment to maximize spectrum *** CRNs,the secondary users(SUs)opportunistically access the primary users(PUs)***,unambiguous detection of the PU channel occupancy is the most critical aspect of the operations of *** spectrum sensing(CSS)is rated as the best choice for making reliable sensing *** paper employs machinelearning tools to sense the PU channels reliably in *** sensing parameters are reconfigured to maximize the spectrum utilization while reducing sensing error and cost with improved channel *** fine-k-nearest neighbor algorithm(FKNN),employed in this paper,estimates the number of samples based on the nature of the channel under-specific detection and false alarm probability *** simulation results reveal that the sensing cost is suppressed by reducing the sensing time and exploiting the traditional fusion rules,validating the effectiveness of the proposed ***,the global decision made at the fusion center(FC)based on the modified sensing samples,results low energy consumption,higher throughput,and improved detection with low error probabilities.

关键词： Energy detection machine learning k-nearest-neighbor decision tree linear regression throughput energy consumption

Anomaly Based Camera Prioritization in Large Scale Surveillance Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第2期70卷 2171-2190页

作者： Altaf Hussain Khan muhammad Hayat Ullah Amin Ullah Ali Shariq Imran Mi Young Lee Seungmin Rho muhammad sajjad Department of Software Sejong University143-747SeoulKorea Digital Image Processing Lab Islamia College Peshawar25000Pakistan Color Lab Department of Computer ScienceNorwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)2815GjovikNorway CORIS Institute Oregon State University97331OregonUSA

Digital surveillance systems are ubiquitous and continuously generate massive amounts of data,and manual monitoring is required in order to recognise human activities in public *** surveillance systems that can automatically identify normal and abnormal activities are highly desirable,as these would allow for efficient monitoring by selecting only those camera feeds in which abnormal activities are *** paper proposes an energy-efficient camera prioritisation framework that intelligently adjusts the priority of cameras in a vast surveillance network using feedback from the activity recognition *** proposed system addresses the limitations of existing manual monitoring surveillance systems using a three-step *** the first step,the salient frames are selected from the online video stream using a frame differencing method.A lightweight 3D convolutional neural network(3DCNN)architecture is applied to extract spatio-temporal features from the salient frames in the second ***,the probabilities predicted by the 3DCNN network and the metadata of the cameras are processed using a linear threshold gate sigmoid mechanism to control the priority of the *** proposed system performs well compared to state-of-theart violent activity recognition methods in terms of efficient camera prioritisation in large-scale surveillance *** experiments and an evaluation of activity recognition and camera prioritisation showed that our approach achieved an accuracy of 98%with an F1-score of 0.97 on the Hockey Fight dataset,and an accuracy of 99%with an F1-score of 0.98 on the Violent Crowd dataset.

关键词： Camera prioritisation surveillance networks convolutional neural network computer vision deep learning resource-constrained device violent activity recognition

Assessing the potential landslide risk identification in the northern section of CPEC route Pakistan based on Multi-Temporal InSAR approaches

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第12期21卷 4131-4148页

作者： Meer muhammad sajjad WANG Juanle GE Daqing Rehan KHAN Izhar AHMED Khan ZADA State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Business School Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China China-Pakistan Earth Science Research Center Islamabad 45320Pakistan Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application Nanjing 210023China China Aero Geophysical Survey&Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources Beijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring Ministry of EducationSchool of Geosciences and Info-PhysicsCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Geotechnical and Geo-Environmental Engineering Division National Engineering Services PakistanLahore 54700Pakistan

Landslides are the most frequent geoenvironmental natural hazards in hilly regions,owing to broken rock masses and slope *** year,landslides occur along the Karakorum highway in the northern section of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor,involving complex geological action and causing significant damages and *** mitigate landslide hazard risks and a better understanding of landslide occurrence in steep mountainous regions,a comprehensive and precise analysis of slow-moving landslides is *** address this challenge,a Multi-Temporal(MT),Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar(InSAR)approach using Small Baseline Subsets and Interferometric Point Target Analysis techniques was utilized to extract ground deformation rates.A total of 121 multitrack synthetic aperture radar images from Sentinel-1A were acquired from 2021 to 2023,enabling the detection and monitoring of ground displacement over *** active slope movements were successfully identified by calculating the differences in deformation,indicating a significant deformation rate within the trust fault lines and regional geological *** research findings reveal that the regional geological structure,including lithology and fault lines,significantly increase the deformation *** identified landslide hazard areas range from 1.47 km2 to 14.88 km2,with an annual average rate of line of sight surface displacement estimated between−4.13 to−16.07 cm/*** MT-InSAR analysis demonstrates that fault lines and geology play significant role in surface deformation,providing valuable insights into the deformation induced by regional tectonic activities.

关键词： InSAR Deformation Landslide SBAS IPTA Karakorum highway

Efficient Joint Key Authentication Model in E-Healthcare

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 2739-2753页

作者： muhammad sajjad Tauqeer Safdar Malik Shahzada Khurram Akber Abid Gardezi Fawaz Alassery Habib Hamam Omar Cheikhrouhou muhammad Shafiq Department of Computer Science Air University Multan CampusMultan60000Pakistan Faculty of Computing The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur 63100Pakistan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadIslamabadPakistan Department of Computer Engineering College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaifSaudi Arabia Faculty of Engineering Moncton UniversityNBE1A3E9Canada CES Laboratory National School of Engineers of SfaxUniversity of SfaxSfax3038Tunisia Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Korea

Many patients have begun to use mobile applications to handle different health needs because they can better access high-speed Internet and *** devices and mobile applications are now increasingly used and integrated through the medical Internet of Things(mIoT).mIoT is an important part of the digital transformation of healthcare,because it can introduce new business models and allow efficiency improvements,cost control and improve patient *** the mIoT system,when migrating from traditional medical services to electronic medical services,patient protection and privacy are the priorities of each ***,it is recommended to use different user authentication and authorization methods to improve security and *** this paper,our prosed model involves a shared identity verification process with different situations in the e-health *** aim to reduce the strict and formal specification of the joint key authentication *** use the AVISPA tool to verify through the wellknown HLPSL specification language to develop user authentication and smart card use cases in a user-friendly *** model has economic and strategic advantages for healthcare organizations and healthcare *** medical staff can increase their knowledge and ability to analyze medical data more *** model can continuously track health indicators to automatically manage treatments and monitor health data in real ***,it can help customers prevent chronic diseases with the enhanced cognitive functions *** necessity for efficient identity verification in e-health care is even more crucial for cognitive mitigation because we increasingly rely on mIoT systems.

关键词： E-health systems joint key authentication mutual authentication