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Shah Latif and Shaikh Ayaz： A comparative study of the poetic thought Artist as an agent of change

Sino-US English Teaching 2010年第8期7卷 60-64页

作者： muhammad qasim bughio Shumaila Memon Razia qasim bughio Faculty of Arts University of Sindh Jamshoro 76080 Pakistan Institute of English Language and Literature University of Sindh Jamshoro 76080 Pakistan Institute of Sindhology University of Sindh Jamshoro 76080 Pakistan

This paper is charismatic study of Shah Latif and Shaikh Ayaz concerning the role of the artist in society. They assumed that literature and artist bear enigmatic wallop and can bring drastic changes through the thwack of the art. Shaikh Ayaz emerged as an impressive poet about 3 centuries after Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai--the great Sindhi poet of all times. Now Shah Latif is recognized in the whole world beyond geographic and time limits, and his thought have been studied from various aspects and angles through his poetry. Similarly, Shaikh Ayaz is known not only for his thematic poetry, but also his references of countless poets; philosophers and heroes of the world have given his poetry an international look. The description of the people, land and customs of Sindh has got special room in the poetry of the 2 poets, placed quite distantly time-wise. Shaikh Ayaz has tried to carry the thought of Shah Latif in his poetry in terms of concepts, trends and needs of his own time. To study the thought of the bards, the authors have taken a fold tale ＂Sorath＂ into consideration, which they have manipulated to assert the role of the artist. Beejal, the protagonist of the poem, succeeds to get the head of the famous king Rai Dyach through the clout of his music. Shah and Ayaz have attempted to demonstrate that if artist can take the life of an emperor by employing his art, then he can perform the role of an agent as well as root out the evils prevailing in society. Through objective approach, an artist can change the shape of the universe, thus, they exalt the position of the artist and readers are compelled to meditate upon their sagacious notes.

关键词： artist role of literature uplift of society through literature

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Changing Characteristic of Romantic Poetry in the 19th Century

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Sino-US English Teaching 2011年第4期8卷 260-265页

作者： muhammad qasim bughio Shagufta Jabeen University of Sindh Jamshoro Pakistan English Government College for Woman Sargodha Pakistan

Change is the law of nature. Every writer enriches literature by coining new ideas. As Aristotle disagreed with Plato by saying that poetry is not blind but creative imitation, and emotions if remain pent up in mind, would erupt sooner or later like a volcano. Later on Classics have written poetry either to praise kings and queens, or to reform the society, but Romantics like Aristotle ushered against Classics and penned down writings bearing entirely different characteristics than earlier poetry with creative imagination. This paper is captivating study of the meanings and changing characteristics of romantic poetry during 19th century. Romanticism means having a visionary, imaginative or emotional appeal, to give emotions upper hand over reason. It was not a sudden movement, tends and tendencies were already there, which reached to its climax in hands of Blake, Wordsworth, Shelley, Keats and Byron, who awakened against Pope, Swift and Johnson. Romanticism has its origin in French revolution. The distinctive features of French revolution are freedom, brotherhood and equality. Romanticism was a revolt against the system through which they tried to change the status of common men. William Blake was foremost among romantics who believed that this vegetable world is, but only a shadow of the real world which is of imagination and attempted to convey the celestial message of love everywhere. In the poetry of Wordsworth and Coleridge, the naturalistic tendency remained more prominent, whereas Keats＇ and Shelley＇s poetry in a more specified sense was romantic marked by the emphasis on love of the supernatural, the marvelous and the exotic mythological world. Victorian poetry was not original like Romantics. Romantics introduced poetry bearing entirely different character than earlier poetry, with original ideas, whereas Victorian poets had written about social problems. Romantics were individualistically supreme in their ideas. Tennyson and Arnold took themes of their poe

关键词： romanticism definition history changes

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